Articles tagged with Drug Studies
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
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Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The ANRS NAMSAL study has compared the efficacy of dolutegravir-based treatment with efavirenz 400 mg in over 600 participants living with HIV. The results show that dolutegravir-based treatment is not inferior to efavirenz, and it is considered a valid treatment option for first-line treatment in low and middle-income countries.
A new study finds that women receiving hormone-blocking injections during chemotherapy have a higher chance of becoming pregnant without negative side effects. The injections protect the ovaries from chemotherapy's effects, reducing the risk of early menopause and improving survival rates.
Scientists have discovered how the Seneca Valley Virus interacts with tumor receptors, allowing it to selectively target cancer cells while sparing healthy tissues. The study provides detailed images of the virus and its receptor, enabling researchers to design improved cancer therapies.
A combination of buprenorphine and samidorphan has shown significant symptom reduction in patients with major depression, with no evidence of dependence or withdrawal. The trials suggest a new class of antidepressants with a novel mechanism of action could have a significant impact for patients with persistent symptoms.
Researchers have developed an implantable delivery system that enables patients to go 15 months in between treatments, significantly improving the conventional regimen of nearly monthly eye injections. The study found that patients treated with the highest drug concentration were able to maintain their vision for a longer period.
Recent clinical trials have shown promising results in reducing progression of kidney disease and improving cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. These trials investigated the effects of linagliptin, a DPP inhibitor, on kidney outcomes, as well as high-dose versus low-dose intravenous iron therapy for hemodialysis p...
Research found that people have a tendency to dichotomize data distributions and ignore differences in the degree to which instances differ from an explicit or inferred midpoint. This binary bias influences how people interpret sequences of information across various contexts and graphical displays.
Scientists at NTU Singapore have engineered an antiviral peptide that exploits the Zika virus' viral membrane, reducing disease symptoms and deaths in infected mice. The peptide can cross the blood-brain barrier to tackle viral infection in mouse brains, a critical feature since Zika targets the brain and central nervous system.
The dapivirine-levonorgestrel ring provided protection against HIV infection and unintended pregnancy for 90 days, with plasma concentrations of levonorgestrel consistent with those required for contraception. The ring was well-tolerated and showed promising results in its first clinical study.
A new study published in the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery found that home care with physical therapy significantly improves recovery rates for knee replacement surgery patients. The study analyzed Medicare claims data and found that patients receiving six to nine home-care visits by a physical therapist had better outcomes.
The combination of avelumab and axitinib improved progression-free survival (PFS) by 6.6 months in previously untreated patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma, with confirmed objective response rates of 55.2% and 25.5%. The study's findings support the potential of this new treatment approach for patients with advanced RCC.
A study highlights the existence of barriers to the inclusion of 12 to 25-year-olds in both adult and paediatric early phase clinical trials. The legal minimum age limit in Europe is 18 years, preventing young patients from participating in trials designed for their tumor type.
A multiyear clinical trial found that patients who chose their form of treatment, whether medication or therapy, improved more than those who were simply prescribed one or the other. Patients who received prolonged exposure therapy showed a significant reduction in PTSD symptoms and were more likely to lose their diagnosis over time.
A new treatment for lymphedema symptoms has been found to be effective in restoring skin health and reducing swelling. Ketoprofen, an anti-inflammatory drug, has shown promising results in two clinical trials, with participants experiencing significant improvements in skin thickness and appearance.
A trial revealed that nurse-led care significantly improves gout treatment outcomes, including higher ULT adoption and better patient adherence. Patients receiving nurse-led care had lower urate levels, reduced flare-ups, and improved quality of life.
A study from Australia found a rapid decline in new HIV infections after the implementation of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for men who have sex with men. The study, which followed 3,700 participants, showed a significant reduction in HIV diagnoses by 25% within one year.
The 11th World Stroke Congress brought together leading international experts to discuss various aspects of stroke care. A Canadian study found that while access to stroke rehabilitation improved, provincial and regional differences persist, with bed capacity hindering prompt access. Another study analyzed gender differences in accessi...
Researchers at the University of Arizona are testing green light therapy for controlling HIV-related neuropathic pain, showing a 60% reduction in patient pain. The therapy may also have potential benefits for other types of pain and provide a safer alternative to opioids.
A study from University of California San Diego found that patients who recorded videos of themselves taking TB medications had better adherence to treatment than those observed in-person. VDOT (video directly observed therapy) was also cost-effective and preferred over traditional DOT.
A new study suggests that ultrasound measurements after surgery can predict the likelihood of arteriovenous fistula maturation in individual dialysis patients. At 6 weeks after AVF creation, ultrasound measurements of AVF blood flow, diameter, and depth predicted future AVF maturation with moderate accuracy.
Two new clinical trials are underway at Cummings Veterinary Medical Center at Tufts University to study deadly cancers in dogs. These studies focus on osteosarcoma and solid tumors, and may provide valuable information for human cancer treatments.
A study published in Molecular Psychiatry has identified two subanesthetic doses of ketamine as effective in reducing symptoms of treatment-resistant depression. The doses of 0.5 mg/kg and 1.0 mg/kg showed significant symptom improvement, while lower doses did not produce the same results.
Researchers developed a contact lens that changes color as drugs are released into the eye, enabling real-time monitoring of treatment efficacy. The molecularly imprinted contact lenses can indicate sustained release of many ophthalmic drugs, potentially reducing side effects.
A church-based program combining faith-based lifestyle change with motivational interviewing significantly lowered systolic blood pressure by 5.8 mm Hg, compared to an educational program alone. The study found that the intervention was effective in improving blood pressure control and could be a routine practice in places of worship.
A new long-acting injectable implant developed by UNC School of Medicine researchers has shown promising results in animal models, delivering anti-HIV medication over time with minimal toxicity. The implant can be quickly and safely removed if needed, making it a potential game-changer for HIV treatment and prevention.
A recent study published in The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association found that long-term oxygen therapy does not decrease hospitalization risk or increase life expectancy for many patients with mild to moderate COPD. However, it may lower quality of life due to its significant costs and practical challenges.
A phase II study led by the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center found that neoadjuvant combination checkpoint blockade produced a high response rate among patients with high-risk stage 3 melanoma, with nearly half having no sign of disease at surgery. However, the trial was closed early due to high incidence of side effects.
Researchers found no clear evidence that statins benefit patients with non-Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) conditions, except for preventing deaths from kidney disease. Statins may also slow cancer progression, but further investigation is needed.
A clinical trial suggests that individuals with bipolar disorder who have a high-quality diet, low BMI, or anti-inflammatory properties may respond better to nutraceutical treatment. The study found statistically significant results but emphasizes the need for replication in larger trials before firm conclusions can be drawn.
The new guidelines update previous recommendations, prioritizing patient-centric care, medication adherence, and lifestyle management. They also highlight the importance of metabolic surgery, metformin as first-line therapy, and personalized medication selection based on patient preferences and comorbidities.
A study of 44,832 Medicare patients found that disruption in their regular combination inhaled corticosteroid therapy led to a higher rate of costly exacerbations and hospitalizations. Approximately 45% of patients did not receive an ICS/LABA after a formulary block, potentially impacting symptoms and disease control.
A study funded by NIH found that gastric banding is as effective as metformin in stabilizing disease for people with prediabetes or new-onset type 2 diabetes. Participants who underwent gastric banding surgery lost significantly more weight and showed similar improvements in insulin sensitivity compared to those taking metformin.
A pilot study at Aarhus University found that certain migraine patients can reduce medication use by using an inhaler that changes the air's composition. The treatment increases brain oxygen supply by up to 70% and stops the destructive chain reaction, providing significant pain relief.
Most industry-funded clinical trials show funder involvement in design, conduct, and reporting, raising questions about academic freedom and independence. Only a few trials were found to be independent, highlighting the need for accurate reporting of contributorship to ensure patient confidence in trial results.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles have developed a proof-of-concept study for treating recurrent metastatic neuroblastoma using dinutuximab and activated natural killer cells. The study showed significant improvement in survival rates, providing a promising lead for a clinical trial.
Scientists at UNIGE discovered that resveratrol, a molecule in grape skin and seeds, can prevent lung cancer in mice treated with a nasal formulation. The study showed a 45% decrease in tumor load and a higher concentration of resveratrol in the lungs after nasal administration.
Scientists at Calibr have built a massive library of existing small-molecule drugs called ReFRAME, which shows promise for treating major diseases such as HIV and tuberculosis. Preliminary testing has identified two additional compounds effective against Cryptosporidium spp., offering a potential therapy for severe diarrhea.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh discovered a molecule that blocks Otx2 activity, crucial for germ cell development. The study sheds light on the earliest stages of sperm and egg cell formation, offering new insights into the processes governing their separation from other cells.
A phase 1b study and a phase 2 proof of concept study have generated positive results for SNF472, demonstrating a linear pharmacokinetic behavior and improved safety profile. A randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2b study is evaluating the effect of SNF472 on cardiovascular calcification over 1 year in haemodialysis patients.
A new study emphasizes the need for distinct research methods when studying e-cigarettes due to their varying nicotine levels, vaping method, and ability to be started and stopped. This distinction is crucial in understanding the unique risks associated with e-cigarette use, particularly among teens.
A McMaster University-led review of 52 articles found no significant association between progression-free survival and health-related quality of life in cancer patients. The study suggests that clinical trials should measure health-related quality of life directly to ensure patients are receiving effective treatments.
A comparative clinical trial found that delivering corticosteroids directly into the eye is more effective than injecting them adjacent to the eye in treating uveitic macular edema. The treatment led to significant reductions in macular edema and improvements in visual acuity, with intravitreal triamcinolone and dexamethasone implant s...
A recent study has shown that adding genetic factors to existing risk assessments can help predict future major coronary events in people with type 2 diabetes. The genetic score provides a significant improvement in correctly predicting cardiovascular risk, particularly when used early in life.
A new study finds that proton pump inhibitors are associated with a 19% higher risk of hip fractures in dialysis patients, regardless of usage level. Histamine-2 receptor antagonists were not linked to increased fracture risk. The findings highlight the need for individualized assessment and caution in PPI use among hemodialysis patients.
A novel combination of broadly neutralizing antibodies has shown remarkable results in reducing HIV viral loads in infected individuals, even after treatment interruptions. This groundbreaking study suggests a promising approach to antibody-mediated therapy, paving the way for long-term control of the virus.
Researchers have developed a novel immunotherapy that can suppress HIV for months at a time, using a combination of two anti-HIV antibodies. The treatment, called broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), has shown promising results in clinical trials, with some patients experiencing sustained viral suppression for over four months.
Researchers evaluated the safety of pimavanserin for treating Parkinson's disease psychosis, finding a lower mortality risk compared to quetiapine or combination therapy. The study provides reassurance for clinicians and families but highlights the need for further research on disease severity and cause of death.
A Phase III clinical trial is enrolling men with metastatic Stage 4 prostate cancer to compare standard systemic therapy with or without surgery or radiation therapy. The goal is to delay disease progression and improve survival.
Mesoblast's MPC-150-IM heart failure product candidate is being studied in a randomized trial combining cell injection with corrective surgery in children under five with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. The trial aims to promote cardiac growth and regeneration, improving quality of life and longevity.
The ALTA-1 trial found brigatinib to be a first-line treatment option for advanced ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer, with a 51% reduction in progression or death risk compared to crizotinib. Patients treated with brigatinib also showed improved response rates and longer progression-free survival.
A large-scale international study published in PLOS Medicine found that a new medication called Nilvadipine showed promise in slowing the progression of mild and moderate Alzheimer's disease. However, the overall group of patients did not benefit from the treatment. Further research is needed to explore its potential.
A new study found that pregabalin, a common painkiller, is not effective in controlling chronic pain after traumatic nerve injury. However, it did show promise in relieving post-surgical pain for patients who underwent certain procedures.
The ReCre8 trial found that a novel polymer-free amphilimus-eluting stent was clinically safe and effective, comparable to a durable polymer zotarolimus-eluting stent. The study showed that one-month DAPT in troponin-negative patients may be safe regarding stent thrombosis.
The BIONYX trial found that the Resolute Onyx stent is safe and effective in a complex patient population, with low rates of cardiac death and target vessel-related myocardial infarction. The stent's improved radiographic visibility facilitates accurate assessment of stent expansion and apposition to the arterial wall.
A recent study published in BMJ reveals that European Union clinical trial registrations are incomplete, with universities struggling to meet regulatory requirements. Pharmaceutical companies, however, show relatively good compliance with EU regulations.
Phase 1 and phase 2 clinical trials of entrectinib in ROS1-positive non-small cell lung cancer demonstrated a response rate of 77.4 percent and median duration of response of 24.6 months. Entrectinib also showed competitive results in patients with brain metastases and poor prognosis
A multicenter clinical trial found that the transcatheter mitral valve repair significantly reduced hospitalizations and mortality for heart failure patients with moderate-to-severe or severe functional mitral regurgitation. The procedure improved symptoms, quality of life, and survival rates.
Researchers at Barrow Neurological Institute have developed a new clinical trial regimen for treating glioblastoma, a complex brain tumor. The study demonstrates the ability of the drug AZD1775 to penetrate brain tissue and provide clinically-relevant activity against human glioblastoma.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine found that smaller sample sizes can greatly exaggerate the magnitude of group differences in multisensory integration studies. Studies with sample sizes of 20 or less are more likely to produce inflated results, which can lead to incorrect conclusions and potential failures in therapy development.
A vicious feedback loop drives brain degeneration in Alzheimer's disease, but a clinically approved drug may provide a solution. The study identified Dkk1 as a central player in the cycle, and targeting it with fasudil shows promise in animal models.