Articles tagged with Drug Studies
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
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Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study found nearly all clinical trials had at least one discrepancy in the study group, intervention, or results reported on ClinicalTrials.gov versus high-impact journals. Discrepancies included primary end points, dosages, and frequencies of interventions.
A Yale University analysis found nearly all clinical trials had discrepancies between reported results and published articles. The study suggests errors in reporting or intentional changes may have occurred. Accurate reporting is crucial for maintaining trial integrity.
A Phase 1 clinical trial of mecasermin (rh-IGF-1) in girls with Rett syndrome demonstrated the treatment's safety and efficacy in ameliorating certain symptoms. The study suggests that IGF-1 could be a potential treatment for Rett Syndrome, paving the way for further research and possible FDA approval.
Researchers found that biomarkers for bone formation and resorption predict outcomes for men with castration-resistant prostate cancer. Elevated markers also identify patients who respond to investigational drug atrasentan, enabling clinicians to match treatments and track effectiveness.
Researchers have found that rapid neuronal damage occurs 10-20 years before symptoms of inherited Alzheimer's disease appear, providing a crucial window for intervention. A clinical trial is underway to test the safety and efficacy of experimental drugs in this population.
A new study suggests that male hormones, such as testosterone, play an important role in female fertility and may enhance IVF success rates. The research found that male hormones promote follicle development by preventing cell death and increasing sensitivity to follicle-stimulating hormone.
A recent study analyzed nearly 24,000 active human research clinical trials and found that 5-16% are not covered by two major federal regulations. The primary federal human subjects protections policies in the US include FDA HSP regulations and the Common Rule, which can lead to overlap trials and gap trials with varying characteristics.
A Phase I study of a combination ARV vaginal ring found the ring safe and effective in preventing HIV infection, with dapivirine showing promising results. However, maraviroc, the first entry inhibitor tested as a microbicide, was not as effective and requires further development.
A randomized trial in India found that community-based care led by lay health workers was more effective than standard facility-based care in reducing disability and psychotic symptoms, with patients almost three times more likely to continue taking their antipsychotic medication. However, costs were higher in the intervention group.
Patients receiving nivolumab survived for an average of 16.8 months, with 62% alive one year after treatment initiation and 43% alive two years later. The drug also shrank tumors in 31% of patients, with some able to remain on the treatment for up to two years.
Two new HIV prevention products, a combination antiretroviral vaginal ring and a film releasing the drug dapivirine, show safety and hold promise for further development. The products aim to provide an array of options for women-initiated prevention tools against HIV.
A new analysis confirms that behavioral measures used in the VOICE study did not accurately predict women's use and nonuse of HIV prevention products. Biological measures, such as drug levels in stored samples, provided a more accurate picture of adherence.
A new study by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Johns Hopkins University found that an immune system-based therapy called nivolumab can produce lasting remissions in melanoma patients, with some patients remaining alive after two years without treatment. The therapy has been shown to block PD-1, a protein that restrains the immune syst...
Researchers are exploring the potential of RM-131, a ghrelin agonist, to treat constipation in Parkinson's patients. The study aims to improve bowel function and reduce symptoms such as abdominal pain and diarrhea.
A new study published in the journal Movement Disorders shows that a handheld electronic device can help essential tremor patients overcome their condition's effects. The device, called Liftware, improves patients' ability to hold a spoon still and eat with it, providing hope for those with debilitating hand shakes.
A randomized, double-blind trial of 621 adults found that Bevacizuman did not prolong survival for newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients. The results contradict earlier studies showing the drug's effectiveness in other diseases.
Researchers are exploring innovative approaches, including medication like Bevacizumab and handheld optical coherence tomography, to improve vision in young children with optic pathway gliomas. These treatments have shown promising results, offering improved visual acuity and stability.
The study found that Glycerol phenylbutyrate significantly reduced hepatic encephalopathy events, hospitalizations, and ammonia levels compared to placebo. GPB's direct ammonia-lowering agent properties suggest its therapeutic potential for patients with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy.
A recent review published in the Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs found that age-21 drinking laws are associated with lower rates of drunk-driving crashes, suicide, dating violence, and unprotected sex. The study supports previous research showing that the laws curb heavy drinking among young people.
A new study by Yale School of Medicine researchers found that blood pressure medication use is associated with a higher risk of serious fall injuries, similar to the impact of strokes and heart attacks. The study suggests that clinicians should weigh the potential harms and benefits of prescribing medications for older adults.
A large international study has found 11 new genetic signals linked to blood pressure levels, with 10 of those signals being 'druggable' targets. The discovery offers the possibility of expedited pharmaceutical development of therapeutics for high blood pressure, a serious risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.
A major study found that lowering blood pressure immediately after a stroke does not reduce the risk of death or major disability. The study included over 4,000 patients and showed no significant differences between groups in mortality or disability rates.
The trial will examine effectiveness of different doses of inhaled corticosteroids with or without long-acting beta agonists in 500 African American patients aged 5 and older. Researchers aim to identify the most effective combination of medications and dosing regimens to manage asthma symptoms.
A study found that citalopram reduced agitation in Alzheimer's patients, but at the cost of mild cognitive impairment and increased risk of cardiac adverse effects. The researchers concluded that citalopram cannot be generally recommended as an alternative treatment option due to its limitations.
A study by the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health found that young adults with hypertension are less likely to be prescribed antihypertensive medication, even when they have regular primary care visits. This delay can increase the risk of future cardiovascular events.
A clinical trial found that antidepressant citalopram significantly relieved agitation in patients with Alzheimer's disease, with 40% of patients experiencing considerable relief. However, the drug also had decreased cognitive function and longer QTc intervals, a measure of abnormal heart function.
Researchers have developed a new device that detects atrial fibrillation in 30% of cryptogenic stroke patients, allowing for improved prevention of future strokes. The device uses a tiny implantable cardiac monitor to capture abnormal ECG activity and has been shown to be more effective than standard tests.
A study by Penn Medicine found that topiramate significantly reduced heavy drinking days among patients seeking to curb their alcohol consumption. The medication showed promise as a treatment option for problem drinkers, particularly those with a specific genetic makeup linked to its efficacy.
Researchers found that intravenous magnesium did not improve stroke-related disability, but was safe for delivery by paramedics within an hour. The study aimed to test the efficacy of magnesium as a neuroprotective agent, and its results will help inform future stroke treatment strategies.
A study found that giving stroke patients intravenous magnesium within an hour of symptom onset does not improve stroke outcomes, while working with paramedics can increase the chances of administering potentially brain-saving drugs in time. The researchers plan to continue searching for new treatments and are grateful for the collabor...
A new study by Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute found that a veterinary drug, Oxantel Pamoate, can effectively treat whipworm infections in children. The treatment combination showed significant reduction in worm eggs and improved health outcomes for the children.
A study of 2.5 million children over 14 years found no link between ADHD stimulant medications and increased stroke risk in children with or without stroke. Researchers compared medication usage before and at the time of stroke to assess potential risks.
A new MIT robot developed by Hermano Igo Krebs can help pharmaceutical companies speed up drug development for stroke medications. By using the robot's measurements, companies may only need to test 240 patients to determine whether a drug works, reducing time and cost by 70%.
Two approved weight-loss drugs have been linked to serious harms, including memory and depression problems, and cardiovascular risks. Researchers question the FDA's decision to approve these medications without more definitive evidence.
A phase II clinical trial found creatine safe and well-tolerated by most participants, with neuroimaging showing a treatment-associated slowing of regional brain atrophy. The study also enrolled participants without knowing their genetic status, allowing them to participate while respecting their autonomy.
Researchers found that cognitive therapy reduced psychotic symptoms and improved personal and social functioning in individuals with schizophrenia who had stopped taking antipsychotics. The therapy involved reappraising psychotic experiences and modifying unhelpful thought patterns.
A randomized, controlled trial shows that injecting anesthetic near a nerve bundle in the neck significantly reduces moderate to severe hot flashes in postmenopausal women. The treatment cut the number of hot flashes in half and reduced their intensity by 38% compared to a sham injection.
A study of 230 bipolar I disorder patients found that nearly a third were taking four or more psychiatric medications, with an average of six different drugs. Women were significantly more likely to experience complex polypharmacy, taking 68% of these high medication burden cases.
A large registry study found that up to half of transport accidents involving adult men with ADHD could be avoided if they were taking medication. The results demonstrate a significant decrease in risk of serious transport accidents among men with ADHD who received medication, with a 45% increased risk compared to those without ADHD.
A new analysis of 63 animal studies found that industry-sponsored studies had less favorable results than non-industry funded studies. This highlights the role of selective reporting and methodological problems in communicating research findings.
Studies found that African-American hemodialysis patients with sickle cell trait received about 13% more anemia medications than those without the trait to achieve the same level of hemoglobin. The presence of sickle cell trait was also more common among dialysis patients, affecting approximately 10% of study participants.
A recent study published in BMC Medicine has found that living in a household with a spouse who has type 2 diabetes can increase the risk of developing the condition. The research team analyzed data from six studies and found that spousal diabetes was associated with a 26% increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
A study in PLOS Genetics found that HIV drug resistance mutations can spread rapidly within a patient, leading to a homogeneous or heterogeneous viral population. The researchers estimate the effective population size of HIV to be around 150,000, which may help inform treatment strategies and predict resistance evolution.
A recent Alzheimer's trial failed to produce cognitive improvement for volunteers, but researchers have identified key takeaways to inform the development of new treatments. Lessons learned include testing drugs in individuals building up amyloid plaques, giving higher doses safely, and combining disease-modifying treatments.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine finds that idelalisib reduces tumor size by at least half in 57% of patients with indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The drug's side effects are manageable, offering a targeted and less harmful approach to treating cancer.
Two large-scale exome studies found a significant role for rare genetic mutations in schizophrenia, contrary to previous assumptions of few 'faulty' genes. The studies established the world's largest database on schizophrenia, providing valuable resources for biomedical research.
A study found wide variation in the quality of evidence used by the FDA to approve new drugs, including differences in trial size, design, and duration. This variability highlights the agency's flexible standards for approval, allowing for rapid approval of potentially effective therapies.
A study examines reasons for delay and denial of new drugs by the FDA, finding that preventable deficiencies in clinical trials account for significant delays. The study highlights the need for early dialogue between the FDA and drug sponsors to improve drug development strategies.
A study published in JAMA found that more than one-third of FDA-approved drugs were approved based on a single clinical trial, without replication. The study analyzed the strength of clinical trial evidence supporting drug approvals from 2005 to 2012 and found significant variability in trial design and duration.
A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial found that traditional Chinese herbal medicine Tianqi reduced the risk of diabetes by 32.1% compared to a placebo. The study's findings suggest that Tianqi may offer a new option for managing blood sugar levels.
A recent study by Tel Aviv University researchers found that warning labels can paradoxically promote trust in products over time, leading to increased sales. The study suggests that regulators and managers should consider the timing of when warnings are presented to consumers to maximize their effectiveness.
Research found no effects of school drug testing on high school students' experimentation with marijuana, cigarettes, and alcohol. However, a positive school climate with clear rules and respect among students and teachers was associated with reduced substance use.
A new study finds that heart attack survivors, particularly black and Hispanic women, are less likely to adhere to prescribed medications. The researchers highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve long-term adherence and optimal outcomes.
A team led by The Wistar Institute will conduct a 4-year, randomized clinical trial to test an immunotherapy strategy that has shown promise in reducing the amount of persistent HIV-1 virus residing in cells. The trial aims to establish the effectiveness of this approach in advancing an HIV cure.
Perphenazine, a 50-year-old antipsychotic medication, has been found to actively combat cells of difficult-to-treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) by turning on the cancer-suppressing enzyme PP2A.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have developed a decision-making model that compares and weighs multiple variables to predict the optimal choice. By using this 'predictive advantage index' in personalized medicine, clinicians can make more informed decisions based on a comprehensive analysis of relevant data.
Combining varenicline and bupropion for smoking cessation showed increased quit rates in heavier and more dependent smokers. However, the effects were similar in lighter smokers using varenicline alone.
A study found that combination therapy with varenicline and bupropion resulted in better smoking abstinence rates at 12 weeks compared to monotherapy, but not at one year. After one year, the rates were similar, indicating that combination therapy may not provide a significant long-term benefit for smoking cessation.
A new study found that using an online patient portal to refill medications increased medication adherence and improved cholesterol levels in patients with diabetes. The study, conducted by Kaiser Permanente, involved 17,760 patients with diabetes who used the online portal to order prescription refills.
A large international study has identified new genetic loci associated with rheumatoid arthritis, shedding light on the disease's biology. The research demonstrates that integrating genetic data with existing biological information can lead to the discovery of potential drugs for treating the condition.