Articles tagged with Drug Studies
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A study found that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) reduced headache frequency and disability in children with chronic migraine. CBT was more effective than headache education, with 86% of participants experiencing a 50% or greater reduction in headache days.
A recent meta-analysis suggests that antidepressants are not effective in treating bipolar disorder. The study found no significant difference in response rates or remission for patients using antidepressants compared to placebo.
A study published in JAMA Neurology found that inosine treatment increases blood and cerebrospinal fluid urate levels in early Parkinson disease patients, suggesting a potential strategy to slow disability progression. The treatment was also shown to be safe and tolerable, with minimal serious adverse events.
A Phase 2 trial found that inosine treatment successfully raised participants' urate levels without serious side effects. The study suggests that urate elevation may slow Parkinson disease progression and supports further investigation into its potential as a disease-modifying strategy.
The study found that high levels of depressive symptoms may be associated with delayed antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation among HIV-infected Russian drinkers. Cognitive symptoms of depression were also linked to poorer ART adherence in this population.
Patients with chronic medications show improved adherence when they meet monthly with pharmacists to coordinate treatment schedules and dispense prescriptions on a single day. This appointment-based model can have a major impact on patient health, as it simplifies medication regimens and addresses individualized needs.
A daily step increase of just 2000 steps can cut the risk of cardiovascular disease by 8% in those with a high risk of type 2 diabetes. The study, which analyzed data from 40 countries, also found that increasing physical activity levels through walking can substantially reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke.
Researchers suggest that rehabilitation strategies combining meditation-like practices with drug and behavior therapies are more effective than drug-plus-talk therapy alone. The study proposes that meditation can aid in cognitive recovery and provide additional benefits for individuals overcoming addiction.
A new study confirms that regular Truvada use can reduce one's risk for contracting HIV without leading to increased sexual risk behavior. The research provides further proof of the effectiveness of Truvada as an HIV prevention strategy.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry reveals that hippocampal volume loss in depression is caused by a reduction in glial cells, not neurons. The research uses female nonhuman primates to clarify the cellular basis of volumetric changes in the brain.
The AIDS Clinical Trial Group (ACTG) Network has received a seven-year, $140 million NIH grant to support its ongoing research. The funding will enable the network to conduct clinical trials in resource-limited settings and develop novel therapeutic interventions for HIV-associated inflammation.
Researchers found that treatment with ACEIs/ARBs in patients with stable hypertension and advanced CKD was associated with a lower risk of long-term dialysis or death. The study, published in JAMA Internal Medicine, included 28,497 patients and followed them for seven months.
Two esophageal conditions, eosinophilic esophagitis and PPI-responsive esophageal eosinophilia, are so similar that even a biopsy is not enough to distinguish one from the other. Patients may need an 8-week antacid trial and repeat endoscopy for proper diagnosis.
A new trial found that adding chemotherapy carboplatin and the molecularly targeted drug veliparib to standard presurgery chemotherapy improved pathologic complete response rates for patients with triple-negative breast cancer. The study's adaptive design showed a 92% predictive probability of success in a phase III trial.
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston has been named a regional stroke center by the National Institutes of Health, with a focus on prevention, treatment, and recovery. Researchers are testing new treatments, including stem cell therapies, to improve stroke care.
A Mayo Clinic study found that endoxifen, an active metabolite of tamoxifen, is safe and shows anti-tumor activity in early-stage trials. The findings suggest a potential new treatment for estrogen-positive breast cancer patients who don't respond to standard hormonal therapies.
A new test can identify people at risk of acute mountain sickness (AMS) by measuring O2 saturation and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE). This test could help prevent AMS symptoms by suggesting specific behaviors and medications for susceptible individuals.
A new study found that Herceptin plus Taxol is highly effective in treating lower-risk breast cancer patients, with a 98.7% success rate of being cancer-free for at least three years. The treatment had minimal side effects, with only 3.2% experiencing severe neuropathy.
A large population-based study found that long-term use of proton pump inhibitors and histamine 2 receptor antagonists increases the risk of vitamin B12 deficiency. The association was strongest in women and younger age groups with potent acid suppression, and decreased after discontinuation.
Pediatric leukemia patients can now safely receive intravenous infusions of a reformulated chemotherapy agent, allowing for less frequent treatment and reduced pain. The study found similar efficacy and toxicity profiles between the IV PEG-asparaginase and IM native formulations.
A study published in JAMA found that long-term use of common heartburn and ulcer medications is associated with a higher risk of vitamin B12 deficiency. Patients who took these medications for more than two years had a 65% increase in their risk of deficiency, compared to those taking lower doses.
A large EU study is investigating whether nilvadipine can help patients with Alzheimer's disease by reducing the formation of amyloid plaques in animal brains. The clinical trial will involve 500 patients in nine European countries, who will be treated with nilvadipine or a placebo for eighteen months.
A study by researchers found that only 46% of neonatal labeling changes made clear the drug was approved for safety and effectiveness in infants. Few drugs were used in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) with most studied drugs not tested in over 60 neonates.
Researchers from UdeM and the Institut universitaire en sante mentale de Montreal propose optimizing antipsychotic treatment for schizophrenia patients by personalizing medication dosage and absorption, which can lead to improved efficacy.
Scientists at the University of Eastern Finland have created a new diagnostic tool for migraines, detecting 'hot spots' in pulsatile perfusion and asynchronous facial blood supply. The Blood Pulsation Imaging technique has significant implications for predicting, diagnosing, and monitoring migraine treatment.
Two new studies published in Menopause journal show that low-dose flibanserin improves sexual function in postmenopausal women, while high-dose testosterone also yields benefits, but with cautionary notes on cardiovascular risks.
A PLOS Medicine study reveals that half of trials with posted results on ClinicalTrials.gov have not been published in a journal. The study found that unpublished trials were more likely to report certain outcomes, such as participant flow and adverse events, suggesting improved transparency in clinical research.
A new class of drugs has been shown to reduce the risk of graft-vs.-host disease, a serious complication of bone marrow transplants. In a study of 61 older adults undergoing reduced-intensity bone marrow transplants, vorinostat was found to be safe and effective in preventing GVHD.
Large pharmacogenomic studies have inconsistent results due to lack of standardization in experimental assays and data analysis methods. Standardization is necessary to identify reliable genomic predictors of drug response and effectively identify a drug's mechanism of action.
A Penn Medicine study found that an automated prediction tool can accurately identify patients at risk of being readmitted within 30 days of discharge. The tool, developed by researchers, uses prior hospital admissions as a key predictor, and has been shown to reduce readmissions by 31% compared to those without the flag.
A study published in The BMJ found that patients taking sodium-containing medications had a 16% increased risk of heart attack, stroke, or vascular death compared to those taking non-sodium versions. The researchers call for clearer labelling of medicine sodium content and cautionary prescribing practices.
A Kaiser Permanente study of 17,217 adult members with diabetes found that those using mail order pharmacies had significantly fewer emergency room visits for any cause. The study suggests that mail order pharmacy may improve patient safety and utilization without compromising patient outcomes.
A study found that medication and individual psychotherapy are effective treatments for alcohol dependence, particularly when patients commit to the treatment. The stepped-care approach, which escalates services as needed, also showed promise in reducing heavy drinking and relapse rates.
Researchers used CBC lab testing information gathered from the JUPITER Trial to evaluate the Intermountain-derived CBC risk score, finding it a powerful tool to predict death. Individuals with lower CBC risk scores were unlikely to die, while those with higher scores had more than 50% higher risk of death.
The ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 trial found edoxaban to be at least as effective as warfarin in preventing stroke or systemic embolism, while significantly reducing bleeding and cardiovascular death. High-dose edoxaban showed a 21% reduction in stroke risk and a 20% decrease in major bleeding compared to warfarin.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that a gene-based method for selecting warfarin doses has no added benefit over standard dosing methods. However, African Americans patients showed better outcomes with non-genetic strategy, highlighting the need for further research on personalized medicine approaches.
A targeted effort to improve adherence to drug regimens in high-risk heart failure patients showed promise but had limited impact on reducing hospital readmission rates. Patients who received coaching from nurses were four times more likely to adhere to their medication regimens, but readmissions remained unchanged.
A study found that patients who received personalized attention from a pharmacist improved their medication adherence rates, with 89.3% adherent in the intervention group compared to 73.9% in usual care. However, there was no significant difference in achieving blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level targets.
A Mayo Clinic-led study has found that two commonly used drugs, low-dose dopamine and low-dose nesiritide, do not improve kidney function in hospitalized acute heart failure patients. The study analyzed data from 360 patients with kidney dysfunction and showed no significant improvement in urine volume or serum cystatin-C levels.
A trial testing varespladib to reduce cardiovascular events showed the drug actually increased the risk of heart attacks and other events. Researchers found that patients treated with varespladib were more likely to experience sudden death, heart attacks, strokes, and unstable angina than those on placebo.
A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that beta-blocker medication given to patients with heart disease undergoing noncardiac surgery is associated with a lower risk of death and major adverse cardiovascular events. The effect was more pronounced in patients with heart failure or recent myocardial infarction.
Researchers developed an antibody fragment that binds to dabigatran, reversing its anticoagulant effects. The study showed immediate and sustained reversal of dabigatran-induced anticoagulation in healthy male volunteers.
Researchers at Salk Institute create three-dimensional kidney structures from human stem cells, offering new avenues for studying kidney development and diseases. The breakthrough may lead to the discovery of new drugs targeting human kidney cells.
The study analyzed 7,710 US TAVR cases, finding high success rates (92%) and low major complications. Long-term follow-up is essential to assess continued safety and efficacy of this technology.
A 30-day, randomized controlled trial found that customized text education messages and medication reminders increased correct dose-taking and on-schedule dosing among coronary heart disease patients. The study suggests innovative technologies like mHealth can effectively promote medication adherence.
A Phase 2 clinical trial in Bolivia found that experimental drug candidate E1224 showed good safety and efficacy in clearing the Chagas parasite, but had little sustained efficacy as a single medication. Standard therapy benznidazole was effective but associated with side effects.
A recent study from Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center found that severe sepsis mortality rates decreased significantly between 1991-1995 (47%) and 2006-2009 (29%). The decline occurred without the development of new pharmacological treatments for severe sepsis.
A new phase III trial has shown that trastuzumab and anthracyclines can be given sequentially to achieve high pathological complete response rates in HER-2 positive breast cancer patients. The treatment regimens had similar cardiac safety profiles, with no significant difference between concurrent and sequential administration.
Two studies present findings that consuming at least two soft drinks per day may increase excretion of protein in the urine, a hallmark of kidney dysfunction. Moderate fructose intake also increases salt reabsorption by the kidneys, which could contribute to diabetes, obesity, and hypertension.
Studies suggest that consuming more fruits and vegetables can counteract the negative effects of dietary acid on kidney health. Research found that individuals with hypertensive nephropathy who received extra fruits and vegetables or an oral alkaline medication experienced preserved kidney health, while those with high dietary acid lev...
Recent studies highlight the effects of combination therapy with ACE inhibitors and ARBs on kidney function decline and cardiovascular events. Additionally, genetic variants of the APOL1 gene are found to increase CKD progression in African Americans.
A TGen-led study reveals TWEAK-Fn14 as a key drug target for preventing cancer spread, particularly brain cancer. Four compounds inhibit the binding of TWEAK to Fn14, including L524-0366, which suppressed glioma cell migration without cytotoxic effects.
A Vanderbilt study found that women with chronic autoimmune diseases who take immunosuppressive medications during their first trimester of pregnancy are not putting their babies at significantly increased risk of adverse outcomes. The study included over 600 infants and used health plan data from three geographically diverse health pl...
A recent clinical trial found that calcium and vitamin D supplementation improves bone density in patients with epilepsy who take chronic antiepileptic drugs. The results suggest that risedronate may help prevent new vertebral fractures when combined with these supplements.
Researchers will examine conversion to generic tacrolimus in transplant patients to assess its safety and efficacy. The studies aim to address concerns about the use of generic tacrolimus formulations in transplant recipients and provide objective data for clinicians.
New research reveals a clear association between ACE inhibitors and acute kidney injury, with a potential increase of 1636 avoidable hospital admissions. The study estimates that one in seven cases may be linked to increased prescriptions for these drugs.
The Rogels' $50 million gift will support student scholarships and the Center for Chinese Studies, bolstering U-M's global engagement and research capabilities. The gift also marks Richard Rogel's leadership role in the Victors for Michigan campaign to raise $1 billion for student support.
A new study published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology found that metformin had no significant impact on cardiovascular risk factors in non-diabetic individuals with heart disease taking statins. However, the medication did reduce body weight and other related risk factors for type 2 diabetes.
Cocaine addicts may be seeking relief from emotional lows rather than euphoric highs. Rutgers researchers discovered that negative emotions play a crucial role in regulating cocaine abuse, leading to binge-like behavior. The study suggests that understanding the importance of emotional lows can help combat substance abuse.
A new combination pill of sofosbuvir and ledipasvir has been shown to be highly effective in treating genotype 1 hepatitis C, even in patients with cirrhosis or previous treatment failure. The study found a sustained virological response rate of nearly 97%, offering new hope for patients with currently untreatable virus.