Articles tagged with Drug Studies
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Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
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The European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) is introducing late-breaking clinical trials for the first time at its annual meeting, EHRA EUROPACE 2013. These trials focus on innovative treatments for atrial fibrillation and other arrhythmias.
A combination of two FDA-approved osteoporosis drugs, denosumab and teriparatide, was found to increase bone density more effectively than single-drug therapy in a small clinical trial. The treatment produced significant improvements in bone mineral density at multiple measured sites, including the lumbar spine and hip.
A world-first clinical study by an Australian team has found Kava significantly reduced symptoms of people suffering from Generalised Anxiety Disorders. The study revealed Kava could be an alternative treatment to pharmaceutical products, with no significant adverse reactions or differences in liver function between the groups.
Randomized trials show exercise reduces depressive symptoms in MDD patients, whether used alone or combined with medication and/or psychotherapy. Exercise intensity and duration are recommended to be 50-85% of maximum heart rate for aerobic exercises and 80% 1-repetition maximum for resistance training.
Functional MRI studies show that methylphenidate alters brain activity patterns in areas like frontal lobes and basal ganglia in young patients with ADHD. The medication partially normalizes brain function in these regions, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits for ADHD symptoms.
A mathematical model of tumor growth inhibition predicts treatment effect with bevacizumab for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. The best metric for predicting overall survival was time to tumor growth, which worked equally well in Western and Chinese patients.
Researchers have identified key biological changes in people with presymptomatic Huntington's disease, which can predict disease progression and guide treatment trials. Baseline measures from brain imaging were found to be the clearest markers of disease progression beyond age and CAG length.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine report that a once-daily tablet containing Ambrosia artemisiifolia major allergen 1 effectively blocks ragweed allergy symptoms, reducing need for anti-allergy drugs by 27%. The pill is a convenient alternative to weekly or monthly allergy shots.
A Johns Hopkins Medicine review of 34 clinical trials found that oral drops are effective in alleviating symptoms of allergic rhinitis and asthma in children. The study suggests that oral drops can be a reasonable option for providing relief to millions of children who suffer from these conditions.
Researchers at Lund University are testing an antibody-based treatment for multiple myeloma, a type of blood cancer without a cure. The antibody, BI-505, has shown promising results in cell studies and animal experiments, and a clinical trial is currently underway to test its effects on patients.
A preclinical study by Scripps Research Institute successfully tested a new vaccine against heroin, which targets the drug and its metabolites, preventing them from reaching the brain. The vaccine effectively blocks relapse in rats with heroin addiction, offering hope for therapy.
Researchers developed a three-dimensional human heart muscle patch that conducts electricity like natural tissue and 'squeezes' appropriately. This advancement could be used to treat heart attack patients or test new medications.
A study found a statistically non-significant but clinically significant benefit in adding everolimus to trastuzumab treatment for HER-2 positive early breast cancer. The combination improved clinical response rates, but not pathological response rates, suggesting benefits independent of expected molecular pathways.
Researchers use modern sequencing technology to characterize genetic aberrations in advanced postmenopausal breast cancer patients. The study found that tumours with similar clinical profiles can have distinct genetic characteristics, suggesting the need for tailored treatment strategies.
Researchers detected lead, cadmium, chromium, aluminum, and five other metals in commonly used lip products, with some exceeding safe daily intake limits. The study highlights the need for greater oversight by health regulators to ensure cosmetic products meet safety standards.
Researchers will conduct community-based trials and analyze decades of data to identify effective stroke prevention interventions for underserved minorities. The goal is to reduce stroke risk through lifestyle changes, medication, and access to healthcare, with the potential to improve outcomes across the US.
A new study found that only 38.4% of adults with clinician-identified depression met the 12-month criteria for depression. Many participants used prescription psychiatric medication despite not meeting the criteria, highlighting the need for improved diagnosis and treatment targeting in community settings.
A UCLA-led study found that teen girls are more likely to continue using methamphetamine during treatment, suggesting a need for new approaches. The study suggests that gender differences in addiction may begin in adolescence.
Researchers propose reforms to increase transparency and engagement of patients in clinical trials. A study found that obtaining consent on the same day as surgery does not compromise understanding, challenging existing practices. Experts argue for a broader focus on patient values and voices in research.
Cancer research studies tend to be smaller and less robust than for other diseases, raising questions about treatment effectiveness. The analysis found disparities between cancer types, with some receiving more attention than others.
A commentary by UC Davis bioethicist Mark Yarborough proposes increasing transparency about the social value of individual research studies to enhance informed consent and build public trust. The commentary aims to promote more awareness about the potential benefits and drawbacks of participating in clinical trials.
Case Western Reserve University spinoff ReXceptor has secured $1.4 million to advance its novel Alzheimer's treatment strategy. The company plans to initiate early-stage human clinical trials using bexarotene, a medication that significantly clears amyloid beta in mice.
A new treatment for inherited ALS has passed an early clinical trial with no serious side effects, successfully introducing the drug into the central nervous system. The phase 1 trial suggests the approach may be effective against other mutated genes causing central nervous system disorders.
Two large patient databases show comparable rates of adverse outcomes with or without nitrous oxide; a significant reduction in the risk of death after surgery for patients receiving nitrous oxide. The findings remain unchanged on propensity score analysis, highlighting some limitations in the study data.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that nearly 30% of women with osteoporosis fail to pick up their bisphosphonate prescriptions within 60 days. The study identified patient and physician characteristics, such as age, emergency department utilization, and prescription medication use, that contribute to nonadherence.
A new review of medications for preventing episodic migraines found that all approved drugs worked better than placebo in reducing monthly migraine attacks. However, off-label anti-epileptics and antidepressants caused the most bothersome side effects, while off-label beta-blockers and angiotensin-inhibiting drugs had the fewest.
A new study published in the European Heart Journal has found no evidence that digoxin increases mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation. The study analyzed data from over 3,400 patients and found that digoxin was not associated with an increased risk of death or hospitalization.
Researchers at UCSF discovered that long noncoding RNA molecules, once considered 'junk', are involved in brain development and may contribute to neurodegenerative diseases. The study identified 88 lncRNAs associated with Huntington's disease and found weaker associations with Alzheimer's and other conditions.
A review of 32 randomized controlled trials suggests that mental exercise, such as computerized training programs or intensive one-on-one personal cognitive training, may benefit older adults in preventing cognitive decline. The annual rate of dementia-related cognitive decline is estimated to double to over 1 million Canadians by 2047.
A new University of Michigan Medical School study reveals that certain antipsychotic medications may help normalize the activity of genes involved in communication between brain cells. The research found similarities in gene expression patterns among patients treated with these medications and those without bipolar disorder, suggesting...
A study found that sales representatives failed to provide information on common or serious side effects and the type of patients who should not use a medicine in 59% of promotions. Doctors in Toulouse were more likely to be informed about potential harms, suggesting stricter regulatory standards may improve transparency.
A recent analysis by Brown University researchers reveals that over 1 in 5 seniors with Medicare Advantage plans received potentially harmful high-risk medications in 2009. The Southeast region had the highest rates of prescription use for these risky medications, particularly among women and those living in poor areas.
A new study by University of Bristol researchers questions the reliability of neuroscience studies, finding that most have only a 20% chance of detecting real effects. The team highlights the problem of 'endemic' low-powered studies producing unreliable research.
A new set of guidelines for abstracts in systematic reviews and meta-analyses aims to provide a robust summary of research. The PRISMA for Abstracts checklist helps authors present an explicit summary of results, facilitating quick assessment and efficient perusal.
Scientists use AwakeSPECT to study Alzheimer's, dementia, and Parkinson's disease by acquiring functional images of conscious mouse brains. The system, developed at Jefferson Lab, tracks movement and removes motion artifacts, providing detailed brain chemistry changes.
A phase 1 clinical trial of Rigosertib, a dual kinase inhibitor, demonstrated the drug's effectiveness in patients with head and neck cancer who have failed platinum-based therapies. The results led to an 80-patient multi-institutional Phase II trial to explore biomarkers for accurate patient matching.
A study published in Diabetologia found that only 10% of diabetes trials focus on prevention or behavioral therapies. Most trials are small to medium-sized and prioritize drug treatments over preventive measures. The analysis highlights the need for more research addressing the needs of diverse populations affected by diabetes.
Current diabetes research prioritizes treatment over prevention, with most trials focusing on drug therapies rather than preventive measures. The studies excluded older people and those under 18, limiting the applicability of findings to these groups.
Research on hallucinations of musical notation reveals that seven out of eight case studies were gifted musicians. The hallucinations are generally unreadable and seem to be a result of complex perceptual processes. Dr Sacks' findings provide a rich field of study for understanding neural basis of such hallucinations.
A Phase 1 clinical trial tested an antisense treatment for ALS, blocking production of a mutated protein that causes the progressive neurodegenerative disease. The treatment was successfully distributed throughout the central nervous system and showed no serious adverse effects.
A reformulated version of an anti-HIV gel developed for vaginal use was found safe and acceptable by HIV-negative men and women who used it rectally. The study tested a reduced glycerin formulation of tenofovir gel, which showed promise as a microbicide for preventing or reducing the sexual transmission of HIV from unprotected anal sex.
A NIH study found that stimulating the brain's prefrontal cortex can reduce compulsive cocaine-seeking behavior. The study, conducted in rats, suggests a promising treatment approach for addiction.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease is often over-diagnosed and over-treated in infants, increasing the risk of unnecessary medication use. A recent study found that when physicians label common symptoms in infants as GERD, parents are more likely to request medication even if it's ineffective.
A new study by UC San Diego researchers found that a guided self-help treatment program can be an effective solution to help children lose weight. The program, which combines structure and self-help elements, showed significant decreases in BMI immediately after completion and maintained losses six months later.
A new study finds that frequent use of the gastroesophageal reflux disease label in infants leads to overuse of medication, causing needless expenses for families. The researchers concluded that parents' expectations of medication are driven by the doctor's words, which can make a normal process seem like a disease.
Researchers at Yale University found that even though one of three approved loop diuretics offers more benefits, it is rarely prescribed due to cost concerns. The study compared the effectiveness of toresemide, furosemide, and bumetanide in treating heart failure.
Studies found that individuals with dementia and TBI may have distinct clinical characteristics, such as higher fluency and verbal memory scores. Additionally, elderly patients with TBI are at higher risk of premature death due to underlying health conditions or complications after injury.
A study published in JAMA Psychiatry found that varenicline significantly improved abstinence rates compared to bupropion and placebo. Smokers who took varenicline experienced better emotional functioning and lower levels of sadness, regardless of whether they abstained from smoking or not.
Researchers found moderate evidence supporting the use of sublingual immunotherapy to improve asthma symptoms and decrease medication use by over 40% in treated patients. The treatment also showed promise for reducing symptoms of allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis, with no reported episodes of anaphylaxis or death.
Researchers found large variations in animal responses to alcohol, with some showing robust sensitization and others no change. These findings may lead to better understanding of addiction and development of more effective treatment drugs.
A new program at the University of Missouri Health Care System is providing support and training for healthcare workers who experience emotional trauma after a patient's death or unexpected decline. The program has been recognized nationally and its effectiveness has been studied in several studies published in top medical journals.
The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation has awarded nearly $4 million in new NARSAD grants to 40 mid-career researchers pursuing innovative studies on depression, bipolar disorder, and other mental illnesses. The grants will focus on diagnostic tools, early intervention, new technologies, next-generation therapies, and basic research.
Dasatinib shows promise as a treatment for higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), but its efficacy is limited. Patients with trisomy 8 chromosomal disorder may respond better to the therapy, warranting further investigation.
A study found that medicines intended for chronic use lack sufficient patients to evaluate safety and efficacy. The number of patients studied before regulatory approval was often lower than recommended guidelines specify.
A phase 3 trial found that eritoran did not significantly reduce all-cause 28-day mortality or 1-year mortality in patients with severe sepsis compared to placebo. The study, conducted in 197 intensive care units, showed no significant difference in treatment-emergent adverse events between eritoran and placebo groups.
Scientists at the University of Nottingham are leading a four-year study to investigate the effectiveness of tranexamic acid in treating intracerebral haemorrhage, a devastating type of stroke. The trial aims to recruit 2,000 people worldwide and assess whether the drug can reduce permanent brain damage and improve survival rates.
Researchers developed a novel multimodal imaging approach to detect frontotemporal degeneration, showing improved diagnostic specificity and accuracy. The method integrates measures of white matter and grey matter, enabling the screening of patients for clinical trials.
Researchers have identified promising treatments for three common challenges faced by people with Parkinson's disease: blood pressure problems, the wearing-off effect, and uncontrolled symptoms. The new drugs show promise in reducing dizziness, falls, and improving motor function, offering a brighter future for those affected.
A clinical trial in Africa found that administering fluid to treat shock in children increases the risk of cardiovascular collapse and death at 48 hours. The study challenges the common practice of early fluid resuscitation, which was previously thought to improve survival rates.
A UCLA-led study found that clot-removal devices do not improve recovery from clot-caused strokes. However, a new generation of devices shows better results and may offer improved outcomes.