Articles tagged with Translational Medicine
Asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic transmission poses a significant challenge in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. Experts warn that relying solely on vaccination is unlikely to be effective in preventing transmission, highlighting the need for robust surveillance measures.
Researchers created growing heart valves using tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, which showed reduced calcification and improved blood flow function. The valves could prevent repeated surgery in children born with congenital heart defects and be stored for at least six months.
Researchers found that social distancing prevented an acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) outbreak in 2020, likely due to reduced enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) transmission. The study suggests that vaccines targeting EV-D68 could lessen future AFM outbreaks.
Researchers successfully developed bispecific antibodies that can target and deplete cancer cells without damaging healthy ones, including mutant tumor suppressor genes like p53. These antibodies could be used 'off-the-shelf' and are a promising alternative to engineered immune cell therapies.
A phase I clinical trial reveals adipose-derived stem cells alleviate symptoms of lymphedema, improving upper extremity function and reducing treatment use. Patients experienced sustained benefits for up to four years after treatment.
Researchers at Geisinger Health System developed an AI algorithm using echocardiogram videos to predict mortality within a year. The model outperformed other clinically used predictors and improved cardiologists' prediction accuracy by 13 percent.
AAAS introduces trial basis for cOAlition S-funded authors to publish accepted manuscripts with CC BY or CC BY-ND licenses on Science family journals. This move aims to alleviate financial burden on authors and promote diversity in scientific publishing.
Artificial intelligence can learn new visual concepts faster using a technique that mirrors human visual learning, improving its ability to quickly recognize objects from sparse data. The approach enables computers to leverage prior learning and simplify complex visual concept representations, leading to improved learning efficiency.
A clinical trial evaluated the safety and effectiveness of two cell therapies for treating angiitis-induced critical limb ischemia, yielding satisfactory results. The study found that both therapies provided evidence for precise application under different conditions.
Researchers found that children born by caesarean section have an increased risk of developing asthma if their gut microbiota still carries a caesarean signature at age 1 year. This study proposes restoring the perturbed microbiome to potentially prevent asthma development in high-risk children.
Research from Penn State Clinical and Translational Science Institute finds significant increases in diseases of despair diagnoses, including alcohol-, substance-, and suicide-related disorders. The rates increased by 37%, 94%, and 170% between 2007 and 2018, with the most substantial percentage increase among men ages 35 to 74.
The National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) is a centralized analytics platform storing vast amounts of medical record data from people tested for COVID-19. Regenstrief serves as the national project's Honest Data Broker, creating more complete and informative data sets while ensuring patient privacy.
A new study developed an algorithm that predicts antibiotic resistance and provides personalized treatment recommendations, reducing broad-spectrum antibiotics by 67%. The tool is a step toward reducing antibiotic resistance and improving outpatient care.
Researchers found that sensor data from fitness trackers can identify COVID-19 cases with greater accuracy than symptoms alone. The DETECT study uses mobile app data to analyze changes in heart rate, sleep, and activity levels to detect viral illnesses.
Researchers found that people born without upper limbs who use their feet to reach engage the same brain area as those with hands, revealing a higher-level motor function. This discovery advances basic science and offers potential clinical advances in improving limb prostheses.
A study in STEM CELLS Translational Medicine suggests that amniotic fluid stem cell-derived secretome can restore neuronal plasticity and improve cognition after an ischemic stroke. The findings offer a potential new avenue of treatment for ischemic stroke, which affects 87% of all strokes.
A statewide coalition, led by UCLA, aims to reduce COVID-19 knowledge disparities and increase vaccine uptake among underrepresented populations in California. The initiative combines community-engaged research with local partnerships to build trust and address concerns.
Researchers identified Paenibacillus species as the causative agent of post-infectious hydrocephalus (PIH), which affects millions of children worldwide. The discovery has the potential to reduce morbidity and mortality by shifting treatment from surgery to antibiotics and vaccines.
A new study found that children exhibit higher levels of two immune system molecules, IL-17A and INF-?, which contribute to their better COVID-19 outcomes. This robust innate immune response may protect children from progressing to severe pulmonary disease.
The report highlights a failure in global preparedness during the COVID-19 pandemic, emphasizing governance failures. Experts recommend strategies to re-center governance, including reforming international regulations and increasing funding for the WHO.
Researchers at University of Luxembourg have identified a genetic form of Parkinson's disease caused by a splicing error, offering new potential pharmacological treatments. The discovery was made using patient-based cell cultures reprogrammed into nerve cells in vitro.
An experimental probiotic treatment reduced eczema severity and improved quality of life for children as young as 3 years old. The treatment modified the skin microbiome and increased microbial diversity, reducing Staphylococcus aureus levels and promoting skin repair processes.
Georgetown researchers caution that weather does not significantly impact COVID-19 transmission and that lockdowns and re-openings have a stronger influence. The authors suggest that policy should not be tailored to current understandings of the COVID-climate link.
Researchers have developed a synthetic gut lining that can target the small intestine, delivering drugs and influencing nutrient absorption. The system has shown potential in treating lactose intolerance, diabetes, obesity, and tropical diseases like schistosomiasis.
A Georgetown University Medical Center study reveals that veterans with Gulf War illness (GWI) and patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) exhibit distinct brain activity patterns after moderate exercise. The finding could lead to improved treatment for veterans with GWI by diagnosing CFS as a separate disorder.
A new approach to deep brain stimulation using light-sensitive proteins and harmless viruses could provide a minimally invasive treatment option for brain disorders. The technique has shown promise in reducing symptoms of Parkinson's disease by targeting non-neuronal brain cells.
Researchers developed a non-invasive tracking strategy using CRISPR/Cas9 editing to insert the sodium/iodide symporter gene into iPSCs. This allows long-term monitoring of cardiomyocytes after implantation, paving the way for preclinical and clinical development of cardiac cell therapies.
Researchers have identified key biological insights that may help solve the mystery of what drives PAH and why a new therapy in clinical trials may work. The fusion protein is more effective than vasodilators at treating PAH and preventing blood vessel remodeling, restoring a normal balance between cell proliferation and death.
Scientists have discovered previously unreported genetic and cellular changes in the lungs of people with pulmonary fibrosis, a devastating lung-scarring disease. The findings provide remarkable insights into the fundamental mechanisms driving disease pathology in PF and may aid the search for new ways to treat or prevent the condition.
Researchers identified important molecules to study and manipulate specific glial cells integral to synapses. This discovery provides a highly specific glial 'bar code', identifying vital cell subtype and enabling targeted therapy development for neuromuscular diseases such as ALS and SMA.
New research highlights potential cardiovascular risk of novel anti-osteoporotic medicine romosozumab. The study found a link between genetic markers and increased cardiovascular risk, supporting previous trial findings.
A study published in the journal Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition found that children who attend school for longer periods have better memory abilities in old age, particularly for women. More years of early-life education counteract age-related memory losses, suggesting a protective effect against Alzheimer's disease.
Global health scholars warn of impending crisis in Africa due to slow access to COVID-19 supplies, echoing the experience during the early stages of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Several African countries have prepared disease response capacities, but geopolitical power struggles hinder supply acquisition.
Warren J. Leonard is recognized for pioneering work in X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency and cloning the IL-2 receptor alpha chain. His findings led to a deeper understanding of cytokine signaling and immune dysregulation.
Scientists at Temple University Health System are exploring the molecular mechanisms of heart injury and repair. They aim to identify new paths to developing innovative heart therapies. The study focuses on understanding the role of molecules known as G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) in heart function and disease.
Matthew Disney's work has led to a new understanding of druggable targets and reinvigorated research on incurable diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and ALS. His RNA-modifying tools show great applicability to cancers and rare genetic disorders.
A new study shows a common eye condition, glaucoma, can be successfully treated with gene therapy using a single injection, providing additional treatment options and benefits. Glaucoma affects over 64 million people worldwide and is a leading cause of irreversible blindness.
Researchers have developed a way to protect thin, flexible neural interfaces from the biological processes of the human body. The new technology uses thermally grown silicon dioxide to create a biocompatible barrier that lasts for more than six years.
The article provides a COVID-19 surge preparedness checklist for emergency departments, created using a translational science approach. The checklist aims to reconfigure Emergency Departments to meet the surge of patients and improve resilience of healthcare systems.
A new two-step technique repairs herniated discs by re-inflating the disc with hyaluronic acid gel and sealing the hole with collagen gel. This method maintains mechanical function and prevents collapse or deterioration, offering a promising alternative to existing treatments.
Researchers have discovered a molecular pathway that, when silenced, restores immune cells' normal function in people with fatty liver disease. Silencing a microRNA molecule called miR144 increases the endogenous antioxidant response, suggesting a promising therapeutic strategy for treating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
A team of researchers has identified a long noncoding RNA molecule that may control aging in blood vessel walls. The discovery could lead to new treatments for cardiovascular disease states and may provide insights into why heart disease risk increases with age.
Antonia Groneberg, a neuroscientist, has won Science's annual 'Dance Your Ph.D.' prize with her dance video on zebrafish brain development. Her thesis explored how group dynamics affected individual animal behavior and brain development in zebrafish larvae.
Advanced Devices & Instrumentation, the fifth journal in AAAS's Science Partner Journal program, publishes high-impact breakthroughs in electronics, photonics, and artificial intelligence. The journal aims to provide a platform for valuable research outcomes in fields like sensor technology, internet-of-things and energy management.
The selected scientists and engineers will participate in a week of intensive public engagement and science communication training, networking, and plan development. The fellows will return to their institutions with resources and connections to develop, implement, and evaluate their public engagement activities.
A new study found that immune system composition changes significantly during early childhood, with anaemia potentially reducing vaccine responses in low-income countries. The research, published in Science Translational Medicine, analyzed blood samples from children in Mozambique and Tanzania.
Exequiel Ezcurra, a professor of ecology, has been recognized for his leadership in bringing together research, education, outreach, and policy to protect the environment. He has made significant contributions to conservation science, ecosystem management, and policy outcomes.
Xu is being honored for her efforts to recruit women, underrepresented minorities, and first-generation college students to the fields of chemistry, biochemistry, and biomedical sciences and engineering. She has led a laboratory pursuing research at the interface of chemistry, biology, engineering, and medicine.
John Drazan, a biomechanics researcher, received the AAAS Early Career Award for Public Engagement. He was recognized for his work combining research and public engagement to make science relevant to young people through sports.
A team of researchers developed a promising tool to combat malaria and other mosquito-borne diseases. Their genetically engineered fungus toxin killed 75% of insecticide-resistant mosquitoes, causing an established population to collapse within 45 days.
Mirkin is being honored for multiple contributions to the fields of chemistry and nanoscience, including the discovery and development of spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) with unique chemical and physical properties. He has also invented and developed scanning probe-based tools and techniques that allow researchers to pattern nanostructu...
A new study found that a Zika vaccine developed by NIH improved fetal outcomes in pregnant monkeys and rhesus macaques infected with congenital Zika virus. The vaccine reduced virus levels and prevented fetal infection, suggesting sterilizing immunity may not be required for protection.
The 2020 EurekAlert! Fellowships for International Science Reporters will support five early-career science journalists from Latin America, China, and other emerging regions attending the 2020 AAAS Annual Meeting. The program aims to highlight regional scientific contributions and promote quality science journalism.
Researchers at NTU Singapore found that gut microbes can alter the ageing process by increasing neurogenesis and regulating energy metabolism. The discovery highlights a potential food-based treatment to slow down ageing, using butyrate produced by microbial fermentation of dietary fibres.
A study published in Science Translational Medicine founds that blocking the molecule ALCAM can delay the progression of multiple sclerosis. The disease causes symptoms such as fatigue, lack of coordination and vision problems in people like 20,000 Canadians with the disease.
A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found that irregular fluctuations in daily motor activity can predict increased risk of frailty, disability, and mortality in older adults. The researchers analyzed data from 1,275 participants and found that random activity fluctuations were associated with a 31% increase in frailty risk, 15-25%...
The UCI Institute for Clinical & Translational Science will use the grant to initiate and extend efforts to translate biomedical research into new treatments, with a focus on diverse communities. The institute aims to partner with community partners to identify and resolve health needs in Orange County.
Researchers discovered that higher levels of TREM2 protein in cerebrospinal fluid are associated with improved prognosis and reduced cognitive decline in Alzheimer's patients. The study suggests that TREM2 may play a key role in regulating the brain's protective immune response, offering new therapeutic strategies.
A recent study by Penn Medicine researchers found that automated text message conversations increased the rate of colonoscopies from 62 to 90 percent. The study used text reminders, instructions, and two-way messaging to engage patients before their appointments.
By creating a microdevice that mimics the behavior of human airways, researchers have discovered how muscle contraction in the airway causes breathing difficulties in people with asthma. This breakthrough could lead to new treatment strategies for respiratory diseases.