Articles tagged with Cancer
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Researchers at the University of Florida have discovered a small compound produced by gut bacteria that doubles the response to lung cancer immunotherapy treatment in mice. The findings could lead to a new combination therapy that boosts patient responsiveness by 50% without adding invasive treatments.
A new blood test has been developed to predict which patients with lung cancer will benefit from the newly approved immunotherapy drug tarlatamab. The test, based on circulating tumor cells, correctly identified 85% of patients who responded to the drug and 100% of those who did not.
A major U.S. clinical trial has uncovered a genetic factor that may inform how to optimize the dosing of abiraterone, a widely used hormone treatment for advanced prostate cancer. Researchers found that men who carry a specific version of the gene SULT2A1 clear abiraterone from their bodies more slowly, which could affect how well it w...
A new study from Fox Chase Cancer Center confirms that preoperative radiation therapy does not reduce surgical complexity in patients with retroperitoneal sarcoma. The research suggests that most patients benefit from proceeding directly to surgery, as skipping radiation has no significant impact on tumor size or surgical outcomes.
A study funded by the National Cancer Institute aims to test a low-cost intervention using future-focused thoughts to help people quit smoking. The project will examine the effectiveness of episodic future thinking in reducing impulsivity and promoting healthier choices.
A deep learning model trained on stage II colorectal cancer whole slide images accurately identified features linked to recurrence risk. The study found the model surpassed clinical prognostic parameters in predicting patient outcomes.
Large language models (LLMs) provide treatment recommendations for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that align with clinical guidelines. However, their performance is limited in late-stage disease, where they prioritize tumor factors over liver function. LLMs should be used as a supplement to clinical expertise.
The new program combines limb preservation, amputation care, and reconstructive solutions like osseointegration to improve identity, functional outcome, and quality of life for patients. Patients will receive coordinated, personalized, and expert care that supports their recovery and promotes sustained overall health.
A machine learning model has identified the most important drivers of cancer survival in nearly all countries, highlighting factors such as national wealth, access to radiotherapy and universal health coverage. The model provides data-driven roadmaps for policymakers to prioritize resources and close survival gaps.
Researchers found that targeting lipid metabolism in tumors can lead to ferroptosis, a type of cell death dependent on fat molecules. This could pave the way for new cancer treatments that target specific mechanisms responsible for lipid processing by tumors.
Researchers at UC San Diego have discovered a previously unrecognized treatment target for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Disrupting the activity of PUF60 causes widespread errors in gene processing, resulting in DNA damage and tumor cell death.
A new clinical trial, PAGODA, seeks to minimize treatment interruptions and help patients complete their chemotherapy as planned. The trial will test a structured plan to guide doctors in making small, proactive changes to chemotherapy doses to prevent treatment delays.
A Mass General Brigham study identifies new mutations that emerge in tumor cells following treatment, driving resistance in patients with different types of cancer. The researchers found two main categories of mutations: those impairing p53 function and others disrupting drug binding, highlighting a path forward for overcoming resistance.
A new study published in CANCER found that men are more likely to have advanced disease and high myeloma load at diagnosis compared to women. Men were also less likely to have low bone mineral density and had different chromosomal abnormalities, which may contribute to the sex disparity in multiple myeloma risk.
Researchers from The University of Osaka discovered that loss of heterochromatin can trigger genetic changes leading to chromosomal rearrangements and diseases like cancer. Accumulation of R-loops at pericentromeric repeats was found to be a key mechanism in this process.
Aggressive triple-negative breast cancer fine-tunes its protein production through a previously unknown mechanism discovered by Umea University researchers. The study reveals that fibrillarin collaborates with RPS28 to create specialized ribosomes, leading to imbalance in protein production and driving cancer development.
Researchers have identified a new class of molecules that specifically degrade the cancer-promoting enzyme IDO1, offering a potential solution to enhance checkpoint-based immunotherapy. These IDO1 degraders may overcome limitations of previous inhibitors and open new avenues for treating various types of cancers.
Researchers at MD Anderson have made significant advancements in cancer treatment, demonstrating the effectiveness of immunotherapy before and after surgery in improving lung cancer patient outcomes. Additionally, a new study shows promise in using CAR T cell therapy to treat large B-cell lymphoma, reducing relapse rates.
A new qualitative study highlights the profound toll of caregiving on family members of individuals with acute leukemia. Caregivers described living in two worlds, one dominated by cancer and another defined by their personal lives. The findings underscore the need for caregiver support as standard cancer care.
Melanie Rutkowski's pioneering research may lead to novel immunotherapy treatments for ovarian cancer by understanding how faulty cellular signaling interacts with the microbiome. The grant aims to enhance immune system's ability to kill cancer cells and improve patient outcomes.
A clinical trial by UC San Diego School of Medicine found that personalizing cancer treatments using molecular testing improves treatment success. The study used advanced genomic sequencing to identify unique tumor DNA profiles and developed personalized treatment plans, resulting in better treatment results for patients.
A global review of COVID-19 vaccination and infection cases found associations between the two and certain types of cancer. The study analyzed 69 publications and identified potential biological mechanisms, including immune responses and inflammation.
Researchers have developed a new way to boost the immune system's response to cancer by using specially engineered antibodies. The antibodies work by clustering multiple immune cell receptors, amplifying the signal that tells T cells to attack cancer cells.
Researchers at UH Seidman Cancer Center have developed a reliable tool to predict early biochemical response in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer patients. This framework enables clinicians to identify high-risk patients at diagnosis, guide early treatment discussions, and potentially improve patient outcomes.
A study of 105,260 adults found associations between higher intakes of certain preservatives and increased risks of breast, prostate, and other cancers. Researchers call for re-evaluation of regulations governing food industry use of additives to protect consumer health.
Researchers found that pitavastatin directly inhibits the anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1, a key driver of survival and resistance in TNBC cells. The study showed pitavastatin effectively eliminates cancer stem-like cell populations and reduces tumor growth, angiogenesis, and lung metastasis.
Researchers found that children and young adult cancer survivors age faster and experience accelerated cognitive decline due to treatment effects. The study suggests that quitting smoking, exercising, and improving nutrition can help reverse these aging changes.
This study explores the feasibility of preoperative VEGFR-TKI plus ICI therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma, finding improved cNSS rates and preservation of renal function. The therapy also induces robust immune activation through increased CD8⁺/CD20⁺ infiltration and tumor microenvironment remodeling.
A new nanodrug called Nano-273 could offer improved survival for patients with pancreatic and lung cancers by activating the immune system and blocking tumor growth. The drug, developed by University of Houston researcher Wei Gao, has shown promising results in early studies.
A recent study published in Gut journal revealed that Streptococcus anginosus produces methionine metabolites, which significantly contribute to the development of gastric cancer. The research opens new paths for microbiota-targeted prevention strategies.
Researchers created an AI model to design peptides targeted by proteases, which are overactive in cancer cells. The peptides can be detected in urine, revealing specific types of cancer. This technology could lead to at-home tests for various cancers.
A new study maps breast cancer vulnerabilities, identifying two major classes of weaknesses: gene addiction and synthetic lethality. The analysis highlights key metabolic and signaling dependencies that distinguish different subtypes, revealing actionable targets for precision treatment strategies.
A team of researchers has developed a method for preparing supramolecular prodrug assemblies to enhance chemodynamic therapy efficacy by consuming glutathione (GSH) and inhibiting its synthesis. The approach allows for the simultaneous release of dual functional molecules from self-assemblies, amplifying cellular oxidative stress.
Researchers found that ovarian cancer transforms the omentum into an environment that favors tumor spread. The study analyzed tissue samples from 15 patients and created a cell atlas of the omentum in diseased and healthy states.
A new clinical trial, RECIPROCAL, seeks to optimize targeted radiation therapy for men with advanced prostate cancer by adjusting treatment based on individual PSA levels. The trial aims to minimize side effects while preserving survival benefits.
Researchers at Columbia University developed an inhalable nanotherapy called BEAT that delivers two therapeutic proteins to the lungs to target cancer cells. The treatment showed better retention in the lungs and dramatically suppressed tumor growth compared to a systemically delivered approach.
Researchers discover Vitamin A metabolite retinoic acid compromises anti-cancer immune response, but develop inhibitor KyA33 to restore DC maturation and function. The compound boosts efficacy of dendritic cell vaccines in preclinical studies.
A large-scale international study has deciphered a mechanism enabling breast cancer to metastasize to the brain. Researchers identified a specific chromosomal alteration predicting high likelihood of brain metastases and found that the absence of functional p53 gene impairs brain environment adaptation.
Two studies found that elevated bacteria levels in tumors weaken immune response, driving resistance to immunotherapy. Researchers are now exploring how to identify patients most likely to benefit from immunotherapy and develop targeted interventions to restore its effectiveness.
Leukemia prevalence increased by 28.0% globally from 1990 to 2021, alongside a 16.2% decline in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most prevalent subtype, while acute myeloid leukemia (AML) contributes the largest proportion of DALYs.
Polysaccharide-based microneedles have been shown to effectively deliver anti-cancer agents directly into the skin, targeting rich networks of immune cells. The microneedle matrix itself can also modulate these immune cells, creating a powerful dual-action therapy.
Researchers at Kanazawa University have developed a new combination therapy that combines CAR-T cell therapy with a SUMOylation inhibitor, which effectively suppresses MYC activity and slows the growth of Burkitt's lymphoma cells. The approach extends survival rates in mouse models by up to 80%.
Researchers discovered a mechanism allowing melanoma cancer cells to paralyze immune cells by secreting extracellular vesicles, which can disrupt immune cell activity and even kill them. This breakthrough has promising therapeutic implications, enabling strengthening of immune cells and blocking molecules that enable vesicle adhesion.
Early gastric cancer cells become self-sufficient by producing WNT7B, creating a self-sustaining loop and activating WNT signaling internally. This mechanism is triggered by MAPK signaling activation and has been validated in genetically engineered mouse models and human patient-derived organoids.
A new study validates OVCAR3 as a reliable model for high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma, providing insights into disease behavior and potential therapeutic targets. The research also explores the effects of repurposed drugs on ovarian cancer cells, revealing promising results for treatment responses.
A large comparative study found that even low daily alcohol intake increases mouth cancer risk by 50% in India, with locally brewed drinks posing the greatest threat. Chewing tobacco use is also a major contributor to this risk, accounting for up to 62% of cases.
The 2024 report shows improved care quality and accessibility across China, with a rise in early gastrointestinal cancer detection and improved colonoscopy quality indicators. Despite progress, regional disparities persist and costly treatments for IBD remain a challenge.
A new study from Texas A&M University reveals that circadian disruptions change the structure of mammary glands, weaken immune defenses, and fuel aggressive breast cancer. Disabling an immune checkpoint molecule called LILRB4 helps restore the immune system's ability to fight back.
A new MIT study shows that high-fat diets cause liver cells to revert to an immature state, making them more susceptible to cancer-causing mutations. This reversion is driven by genes that help the cells survive stressful conditions, but ultimately increases their likelihood of becoming cancerous.
A new study by researchers from the Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute provides a comparative analysis of the impact of BRAF gene mutations in melanoma and colorectal cancer. The review highlights molecular, cellular, and tumour microenvironment factors that explain the therapeutic dichotomy between the two tumour types.
Researchers at Lund University have discovered a cell's protective mechanism against excessive hydrogen peroxide, a key free radical. The study shows that the channel in the cell membrane closes automatically when high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide are detected, preventing damage and cell death.
The study reveals that MCL1 directly influences the mTORC1 complex, controlling bioenergetics and tumorigenesis in cancer cells. Genetic analyses also show that MCL1 inhibitors inhibit mTOR signaling, addressing a previously unresolved problem in cancer therapy.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center developed a new treatment that selectively targets TRBC2-positive T-cell cancers, preserving approximately 40%–60% of normal T cells. The therapy, an antibody-drug conjugate, provides a long-sought therapeutic option for half of T-cell lymphomas and leukemias.
A deep learning framework called PRTS accurately predicts single-cell-resolution spatial transcriptomics from H&E-stained histology images. The model identifies 21 cell subtypes in mouse brain and maintains prediction accuracy in human breast and lung cancer tissues.
CORAL accurately predicts genetic subtypes and patient outcomes in multiple myeloma without costly genomic tests. The technology could be applied to other cancers, opening the door to personalized, faster and widely accessible cancer care.
A systematic review found that pancreatic cancer surgery significantly increases the risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM), particularly in patients with known risk factors. The study analyzed 45 studies and found an overall incidence of NODM of 24.5%, with a higher rate in those who underwent distal pancreatectomy.
Researchers will investigate how HIV and cancer drugs damage brain cells over time, identifying potential early biomarkers of neurotoxicity. They will use human brain organoids grown in the lab to mimic brain physiology.
A new approach integrates multimodal data, AI, and insights from traditional Chinese medicine to predict cancer risk and identify early biomarkers. This 'pan-cancer exceedingly-early' strategy offers a promising avenue for personalized early prevention.
Researchers at Kyoto University identified five molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer stem cells and developed a practical prognostic indicator, the general colorectal cancer signature (GCS), to predict patient outcomes. The GCS was validated with a novel orthotopic xenograft mouse model and showed promising clinical significance.
A new study has found that radioactive seed localization (RSL) is an effective and comfortable alternative to traditional wire localization for breast cancer surgery. Patients who received RSL reported less pain and anxiety, while surgeons rated the technique as more convenient and satisfying to perform.