Articles tagged with Metastasis
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Dormant prostate cancer cells in bone tissue can be reactivated to form secondary tumors when exposed to the signaling molecule RANKL. Researchers have discovered that this reactivation process may lead to metastatic prostate cancer in bones, and targeting it could prevent metastasis and improve survival rates.
A study of 52 patients with metastatic brain tumors found that early tumor shrinkage after stereotactic radiosurgery indicates a positive outcome, reducing the need for further monitoring. Tumors that did not respond initially were more likely to recur or require additional treatment.
Researchers at Cardiff University have identified a compound that potently inhibits Bcl3 and completely halts the spread of metastatic tumors in mice. The development aims to create a therapeutic agent capable of blocking metastatic disease in breast cancer and various tumor types.
Researchers have developed a new mouse model for metastatic prostate cancer, called RapidCaP, which reveals a specific role for Myc as a driver of metastasis in prostate cancer. The study suggests that targeting the Myc gene may provide a new approach to cure incurable prostate cancer.
Two proteins, phospholipase Cγ1 and growth factor receptor bound protein 2 (Grb2), compete for binding to FGFR2 with distinct effects on cancer cell behavior. High levels of Plcγ1 lead to increased metastasis, while high Grb2 levels inhibit this process.
A team of scientists found that a protein called focal adhesion kinase (FAK) enables tumor cells to spread into the bloodstream by weakening the blood vessel barrier. Selective inhibition of FAK within endothelial cells prevents spontaneous tumor metastasis without altering tumor size.
Researchers identified critical complex mechanisms involved in TNBC metastasis, including the interaction between WAVE3 and TGF-β proteins. The discovery has the potential to develop new treatments to kill metastatic tumors in TNBC, with the goal of moving into clinical trials within three years.
Researchers developed a radiopharmaceutical for identifying melanoma metastases, with higher sensitivity than FDG PET/CT. The treatment, using the same molecule as both a diagnostic and therapeutic agent, showed promising survival rates for patients.
Researchers at Cornell University have discovered a new way to destroy metastasizing cancer cells by hitching killer proteins to white blood cells. The treatment, which uses E-selectin and TRAIL proteins, was found to be nearly 100% effective in killing cancer cells in laboratory tests.
Researchers found that alphaB-crystallin enhances breast cancer cells' ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and form metastases in the brain. Tumors expressing this protein had a poorer prognosis and were more likely to be triple-negative breast cancers.
A new cell mechanism has been discovered that drives the spread of breast cancer to other parts of the body. Researchers found that a protein called RON kinase signals tumor cells to become active, reprogramming genes responsible for metastasis. Inhibiting RON turns off this entire program, making it a promising target for therapy.
A study published in Stem Cells reveals that bladder cancer originates from distinct stem cells for muscle-invasive and non-muscle invasive types. Genetic profiling identified specific gene signatures associated with each cell population, which predicted tumor stage and patient survival.
A phase II clinical trial found that adding dasatinib to letrozole therapy doubled the time before disease progression for postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. Progression-free survival was also improved by 10 months compared to letrozole alone.
A randomized controlled trial found that surgical removal of the primary tumor and axillary lymph nodes did not improve overall survival in women with metastatic breast cancer. The study suggests that conventional wisdom may need to be revised for patients who have metastatic breast cancer.
African-American women with high levels of HSET protein were three times more likely to have shorter overall survival, progression-free survival, and metastasis-free survival compared to those with lower levels. The study found that HSET represents a potential new biomarker for poor breast cancer outcomes in African-American women.
Mouse models of cancer exhibit distinct DNA methylation patterns compared to human cancer samples, highlighting the need for more accurate preclinical development tools. The study provides insights into aberrant DNA methylation mechanisms in human cancer.
Researchers at University of Cincinnati Cancer Institute found the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein plays a critical role in suppressing cell migration and metastasis in basal-like breast carcinomas. The study suggests that Rb suppression stimulates collective cell-based invasion, leading to lymphovascular invasion and metastasis.
Researchers have identified a new potent and selective PI3Kdelta inhibitor, GS-9820, which regulates osteoclast shape and resorptive activity. This discovery offers a potential new approach for treating inflammatory bone diseases and skeletal metastases.
Scientists from the University of Granada have developed a technique that uses circulating tumour cells and genetic markers to predict patient response to chemotherapy. This study has been awarded at the 9th International Symposium on Minimal Residual Cancer in Paris.
Researchers used 18F-FDOPA PET imaging to differentiate between radiation-induced lesions and new tumor growth in brain metastases patients, achieving an accuracy of 83% with visual scoring. The study found that 18F-FDOPA PET imaging was highly prognostic of progression-free survival and overall survival.
An international team of researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden have discovered a new mechanism that regulates the way blood vessels grow and connect to each other. The discovery provides essential insights into vascular development and could lead to new opportunities for cancer therapy.
The study found that men taking tasquinimod saw no cancer progression for an average of 7.6 months, compared to 3.3 months for placebo. Men whose cancer had already metastasized to their bones and took tasquinimod remained progression-free for even longer, with an average survival benefit of seven months.
A comprehensive study reveals unprecedented genetic variation in ovarian cancer, highlighting potential new pathways for therapeutic intervention. The research suggests that sampling and sequencing of multiple disease sites may be required for effective targeted treatments.
A Penn study reveals that low levels of mitochondrial DNA in tumor cells from aggressive breast cancer patients can lead to the development of metastatic properties. The research, published in Oncogene, breaks ground in understanding cancer progression and may offer a biomarker for personalized treatment approaches.
New research published in The Journal of Nuclear Medicine found that radioembolization therapy can extend survival for patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases by approximately 50 percent. This treatment option has shown promise as a life-extending treatment for salvage patients who have failed current treatments.
The EORTC trial found that perioperative chemotherapy with FOLFOX4 increases progression-free survival compared to surgery alone, but no significant difference in overall survival was observed. The study concludes that perioperative chemotherapy should remain the reference treatment for patients with resectable liver metastases from co...
Researchers at LMU identified ZNF281 as a critical factor in colon cancer metastasis, driving the transition from epithelial to mesenchymal cells. The protein's inhibition prevents metastasis in mice, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for colon cancer treatment.
Cancer patients are at increased risk of bone disease and fractures due to the primary disease or treatment therapies. The IOF review emphasizes the importance of early evaluation and treatment with evidence-based pathways to prevent skeletal-related events and bone loss.
Mount Sinai researchers uncover the role of TGFβ2 in determining tumor cell behavior, revealing its potential as a biomarker for dormant cancer cells. The study confirms the 'seed and soil' theory of metastasis, suggesting that conditions within each organ influence tumor cell growth.
Researchers tracked lethal prostate cancer to determine the clonal origin of a patient's deadly disease. Using tissue samples, they identified the primary tumor site of the lethal clone, revealing that it originated from a small, low-grade foci rather than the larger high-grade region.
Physicists at Rice University have deciphered the operating principles of a genetic switch that cancer cells use to decide when to metastasize and invade other parts of the body. The research found a three-way genetic switch that explains previously confusing experimental results, opening new avenues for cancer treatment.
The study identified Wnt5A as a key player in promoting melanoma metastasis and therapy resistance. By understanding the role of Wnt5A, researchers may be able to identify patients who are more likely to respond to BRAF inhibitors and develop new targeted therapies.
Researchers at Princeton University have found that microRNAs can reduce the number of osteoclasts present in bones, inhibiting their forced labor. This could lead to effective treatment targets for tackling bone metastasis and help detect cancer's spread to the bone.
Researchers developed a new approach to selectively permeabilize the blood-brain barrier at sites of brain metastases using tumor necrosis factor. This allows for more effective delivery of anti-breast cancer drugs to brain metastases.
A study found that single-fraction radiotherapy, given in one session, is as effective as multiple-fraction treatment but has lower costs. Patients who received single-fraction treatment had poorer prognoses, but it offers benefits for patient-centric palliative care.
Lihong Wang has received a $3.5 million NIH grant to translate his single-cell label-free photoacoustic microscopy technology into the clinic for cancer screening, detection, prognosis, and monitoring.
Researchers have identified molecular profiles of tumors with unknown primary sites, allowing for more effective treatment and improved survival rates. The study found that the biology of the tumor is more important than its primary site in determining treatment effectiveness.
A large-scale analysis of 20,034 patients found that young age is associated with worse overall survival and progression-free survival in those with metastatic colorectal cancer. The study suggests that these patients have a poorer prognosis if their disease has metastasized.
The TH3RESA trial shows that T-DM1 significantly improves progression-free survival in women with advanced HER2 positive breast cancer, with a nearly three-month increase from 3.3 months to 6.2 months. The treatment also demonstrates a more favorable safety profile compared to standard therapy.
Scientists at EMBL found that cells in a zebrafish embryo determine their direction by erasing the path behind them and creating a self-generated chemokine gradient. This finding could have implications for development, cancer, and metastasis.
Patients under 50 years old have improved OS after SRS, with no greater risk of new brain metastases. SRS alone is a favorable first-line therapeutic option for younger patients.
Researchers developed a microfluidic device to study cancer cell extravasation, the process by which cells escape blood vessels. The device revealed that most arrested cells are trapped and eventually squeeze through, with their nuclei escaping even earlier than expected. Understanding this process can help identify therapies to preven...
Research finds high levels of Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP) in human breast tissue correlate with increased risk and spread of breast cancer. FMRP acts as a master regulator controlling aggressive cancer progression.
Researchers identify phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1) as a critical regulator in melanoma development and metastasis. Inhibiting the PDK1 enzyme delays tumor growth and almost completely abolishes metastasis, offering new therapeutic opportunities for this life-threatening disease.
Researchers found that high levels of miR-200 expression boost survival rates for patients with lung, ovarian, renal, and triple-negative breast cancers. MicroRNAs regulate gene activation and expression, and targeting IL-8 and CXCL1 can inhibit angiogenesis and cancer progression.
Researchers found that certain genes, such as CXCL12 and IGF1, make breast cancer cells more likely to survive in bone tissue by mimicking the environment of their preferred organ. This discovery could lead to new drugs that prevent cancer spread to bone or other organs.
Researchers linked stress gene ATF3 to the spread of breast cancer, finding that immune-system cells expressing ATF3 aid cancer's survival and movement. The study suggests ATF3 may be a master switch enabling cancer's growth and metastasis.
Researchers have direct evidence that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) occurs in human ovarian cancer patients, resulting in unique characteristics and resistance to chemotherapy. This finding highlights the need for combination therapy targeting both primary tumors and metastatic cells.
Researchers at UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center have successfully combined cellular therapy and gene therapy in a mouse-model system to develop a viable treatment strategy for breast cancer that has spread to the brain. The approach shows significant promise in reducing metastatic brain tumor size, providing new hope for pati...
A new therapeutic approach to treating prostate cancer has been identified through a study on the FoxM1 protein. Depletion of FoxM1 in prostate epithelial cells inhibits tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, and new blood vessel formation.
Researchers discovered a biological mechanism that preserves intestinal tracts in mice treated with lethal doses of chemotherapy, increasing survival rates by up to 75%. The findings could revolutionize cancer therapy by allowing humans to tolerate stronger doses of chemotherapy and radiation, potentially curing later-stage metastasize...
Researchers at Saint Louis University found that high-dose interleukin-2 (HD IL-2) therapy can improve the life span of melanoma patients with brain metastases. The study, published in Chemotherapy Research and Practice, reviewed cases of eight patients who underwent this treatment.
Researchers develop method to filter out cancer cells from cerebrospinal fluid to prevent brain metastasis and decrease complications. This technique may help treat breast cancer and other metastasizing cancers earlier and with potentially fewer drugs.
Scientists have identified a novel gene, mda-9/syntenin, as a potential therapeutic target for bladder cancer. The study showed that the gene helps regulate bladder cancer growth and metastasis, making it a promising target for detecting and monitoring the disease.
Researchers have discovered that cancer cells can fuse with blood cells, enabling them to travel through the body and seed new tumors. This breakthrough has major implications for treating metastatic cancers.
Researchers found that consuming soy peptide lunasin orally reduced the number of metastatic tumors in mice with human colon cancer cells. The highest dose of 20 mg/kg of lunasin achieved a 94% reduction in tumors, showing promise for new cancer treatment approaches.
Removing MerTK from immune cells decreases tumor growth and metastasis in breast, melanoma, and colon cancers. Inhibition of MerTK may stimulate anti-tumor responses and have clinical benefits.
Researchers from Max Planck Institute discovered the P2Y2 receptor molecule on blood platelet walls enables tumor cells to enter organs via blood vessel openings. Blocking this key molecule may lead to new therapeutic approaches for malignant tumors.
Researchers have identified microRNA-22 as a driver of both cancer onset and metastasis, particularly in breast cancer and blood cancers. The study suggests that inhibiting miR-22 through a 'decoy' method could offer a novel therapeutic option for treating these diseases.
Researchers at Yale University found that a human metastatic tumor can arise when a leukocyte and a cancer cell fuse to form a genetic hybrid, potentially explaining how cancer cells travel to distant organs. The study's findings provide the first evidence of such a phenomenon in humans and could lead to new therapy targets.