Articles tagged with Metastasis
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Researchers discovered stable epigenetic marks across all metastatic tumors in each patient, defying the idea that these marks vary greatly within individuals. These consistent methylation changes appear to represent driver changes critical to cancer development and could be targets for treatment.
Breast cancer cells use pro-inflammatory signaling molecules to adhere to blood vessel surfaces, promoting metastasis. The Cornell researchers found that these cells are unable to interact with selectins, a key step in the process, and that inflammatory molecules enable them to adhere.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study found that SPARC acts as an anti-inflammatory drug, reducing tumor growth and metastasis in bladder cancer. The protein is produced by healthy tissue to mute tumors, but aggressive cancers suppress its production, leading to faster disease progression.
The hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) represses microRNA-148a, leading to increased levels of the oncogenic protein HPIP and subsequent oncogenic transformation in liver cancer. This study demonstrates a cancer-associated virus promoting carcinogenesis through direct manipulation of a microRNA.
Researchers discovered that grape seed extract selectively targets advanced colorectal cancer cells with fewer genetic mutations, leading to increased effectiveness in treatment. The compound induces oxidative stress and programmed cell death, reversing its effects when antioxidants are present.
A Weill Cornell study reveals that a specific miRNA, miR-708, acts as a metastatic tumor inhibitor and can be restored to stop the spread of aggressive breast cancer. Synthetic miR-708 delivery has blocked metastatic outgrowth in mice, making it a promising therapeutic target.
Researchers at Fox Chase Cancer Center found that the NEDD9 gene controls the growth of progenitor cells that give rise to tumors, suggesting a new approach to treating breast cancer. The study also identified a link between NEDD9 levels and sensitivity to certain drugs.
Dr. Nicholas Navin's new approach to genetic analysis could help researchers understand and map the complex process of cancer evolution, ultimately blocking the spread of cancer to other organs. The project aims to identify important mutations in single tumor cells at various stages of cancer development.
A study of 722 patients found that those taking beta-blockers for other conditions lived longer after receiving radiotherapy. The use of beta-blockers improved survival rates without disease spreading or recurring, but not locoregional progression-free survival.
The Damon Runyon-Rachleff Innovation Award funds cancer research by exceptionally creative thinkers with 'high-risk/high-reward' ideas, selected through a rigorous process. Seven awardees aim to develop new approaches to fighting cancer, including virus-based treatments and single-cell sequencing tools.
Researchers at Virginia Commonwealth University discovered that gene mda-9/syntenin regulates angiogenesis, a process responsible for forming new blood vessels in tumors. IGFBP-2, found to be elevated in most cancers, may serve as a novel biomarker for disease progression.
Thomas Jefferson University researchers have identified new pathways that drive aggressive forms of prostate cancer. Elevated levels of Cyclin D1b function as a novel biomarker for lethal metastatic disease in prostate cancer patients.
Researchers identified ID proteins as regulators of glioma progression and potential therapeutic targets. In contrast, the loss of TREM-1 increased inflammation and worsened lung infection outcomes in mice. Additionally, breast cancer cells interact with stroma to drive metastasis through HIF-dependent signaling pathways.
Researchers have discovered a new therapy combination that targets the PI3K and JAK2/STAT5 pathways to combat aggressive metastatic breast cancer. In mouse studies, this approach led to slower tumor growth, reduced spread, and improved survival rates.
A study by Dr. George M Yousef at St. Michael's Hospital identified 29 proteins associated with kidney tumor metastasis. These biomarkers can help physicians recognize which tumors are more likely to spread, enabling targeted treatment and improved patient outcomes.
Researchers at University of California, San Diego School of Medicine discovered the reversible EMT switch in metastasis, resolving a decade-long debate. Activation of Twist1 gene promotes carcinoma cells to disseminate into blood circulation, while turning off EMT switch is crucial for proliferation and formation of secondary tumors.
Researchers found that high levels of COUP-TFII can overcome a natural barrier to prostate cancer progression, allowing tumor cells to grow and spread throughout the body. The study suggests that COUP-TFII is an important 'second hit' for the progression of prostate cancer and metastasis.
A cost-effectiveness analysis found that KRAS testing is cost-saving, while BRAF testing offers additional savings. The study suggests that molecular testing primarily generates cost savings by identifying nonresponders, rather than improving survival.
Researchers identified a group of microRNAs that work together to suppress the spread of cancer by repressing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. This discovery offers potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic tools for predicting and inhibiting cancer metastasis.
Dr. Debra Auguste aims to develop targeted treatments for four metastatic breast cancer populations using engineered liposomes that deliver short interfering RNA to inhibit tumor progression and metastasis. The goal is to enhance cooperative binding, reduce cell migration, and improve treatment efficacy.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have discovered that a protein known for causing cancer cells to spread is also involved in brain repair. The study, published in Nature Communications, suggests new avenues for treating degenerative brain diseases like Alzheimer's.
A study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that denosumab was associated with significantly improved overall median survival in lung cancer patients, including those with non-small-cell lung cancer and small-cell lung cancer. The treatment also showed improved survival in patients with squamous cell carcinoma.
A new gene delivery vehicle has been developed to target tumor cells with the TNFα cytokine, allowing for improved drug delivery and reduced resistance. The treatment approach combines the cytokine with a DNA-intercalating drug doxorubicin, showing promise in reducing tumor growth and metastasis.
Scientists at Virginia Commonwealth University have made a significant breakthrough in understanding how cancer spreads, discovering that a specific protein can be inhibited to stop melanoma metastasis. The research could lead to new targeted therapies and diagnostic tools for patients with melanoma and potentially other cancers.
A team of researchers found that tumour cells form alliances with surrounding healthy cells, called stroma, to colonize other organs during metastasis. This discovery could lead to a test to predict relapse and tailored treatment regimes for patients.
A combination of an anti-HER2 drug and an angiogenesis inhibitor significantly improves survival in a mouse model of brain metastatic breast cancer. The treatment extends patient survival by slowing the growth of brain tumors, making it a promising approach for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer who develop brain metastases.
Researchers developed a diagnostic tool identifying breast cancer cells' ability to spread, based on their lipid profile. The technique, Raman microspectroscopy, has shown promise for routine cytological diagnosis and may be extended to other tumors.
Researchers found that genetic imbalances in most cases determine the evolution from noninvasive to invasive disease. The study identified patterns consistent with known aberration profiles for breast cancer, including the loss of tumor suppressor CDH1 and gain of oncogene MYC.
Breast tumor cells interact with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the tumor microenvironment, triggering production of lysyl oxidase (LOX), a gene that enables cell migration and metastasis. This process, called epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), allows cancer cells to spread to bones and other parts of the body.
A new MIT study reveals cellular adhesion molecules critical to cancer's metastasis, offering potential new targets for cancer drug therapy. The researchers found that adhesion tendencies of metastatic cells from different primary tumors were similar, suggesting a shared pathway.
Research reveals that Col6 protein's endotrophin alter tumor environment promoting growth and metastasis in mice. Reduced endotrophin expression linked to lower tumor burden and fewer metastases.
A large-scale trial has successfully tested whole-genome cancer testing to identify targeted therapies for patients with metastatic breast cancer. The study found that around 20% of patients had rare and unexpected genomic alterations, highlighting the need for whole-genome approaches.
A team of researchers from MD Anderson Cancer Center has identified the LIFR protein as a novel suppressor of breast cancer metastasis. The study found that restoring LIFR expression or function could be used to block the spread of breast cancer. Loss of LIFR is associated with poor clinical outcomes in breast cancer patients.
Researchers developed a new nanotechnology that detects micrometastases in mouse models of breast cancer, marking them for early diagnosis and treatment. The technology uses nanochains to target cancer cells with integrins, allowing doctors to guide surgery or deliver cancer-killing drugs directly to the cells before a tumor forms.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University found that decorin, a naturally occurring substance, induces tumor suppressor genes in the surrounding tissue of triple negative breast cancer tumors. This breakthrough may lead to improved therapeutics for metastatic breast cancer.
Researchers have discovered that melanoma cells produce receptors for chemokines present in the brain tissue, drawing them to the brain. This interaction could be a potential target for new therapies.
Research reveals that tumor hypoxia drives aggressive behavior and poorer prognosis in various cancers. CD24 overexpression is linked to tumor growth and metastasis, making it a potential therapeutic target.
Chemists at UMass Amherst have developed a sensor array system using gold nanoparticles and proteins that can rapidly detect and identify different cancer types in living tissue. The technology uses a 'nose' strategy similar to how humans recognize odors, allowing for precise detection of metastatic cells with high accuracy.
A new CT linked technique improved the detection of positive sentinel lymph nodes and increased disease-free survival rates among melanoma patients. The study found that patients who underwent preoperative SPECT/CT imaging had a higher rate of metastatic node detection and longer disease-free survival.
Breast cancer cells spread to surrounding lymph nodes through invasion into lymph vessels. Johns Hopkins researchers discover protein HIF-1 triggers this process by stimulating the growth of new blood vessels and activating genes involved in lymph vessel formation.
A study of 340 stage III NSCLC patients found that prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) significantly reduces the risk of brain metastases, but no improvement in overall survival was observed. The rate of brain metastases for PCI-treated patients was 17.3%, compared to 26.8% for observational arm.
Researchers found that high F-18-FDG uptake in axillary lymph nodes before treatment can predict disease-free survival in invasive ductal breast cancer patients. A nodal SUVmax of 2.8 was identified as the optimal cutoff for predicting disease-free survival.
A WSU researcher has identified over 40 plant-based compounds that can turn on genes that slow the spread of cancer. The study highlights the potential role of diet and nutrition in controlling cancer's spread.
Researchers used Active Shape Model to simulate fluid forces acting on breast cancer cells in blood flow. The study aims to develop new therapies targeting metastasis by understanding mechanical properties of cancer cells.
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that LPA1 inhibition induces metastatic dormancy in mouse models of breast cancer. The inhibitor, Debio-0719, suppresses metastases without affecting primary tumor size.
Researchers have identified sphingosine kinase as a key player in promoting resistance to breast cancer therapies, such as tamoxifen. Targeted inhibition of SK has shown potential in inducing cell death and blocking tumor growth in drug-resistant models.
Research finds that TRPM7 protein plays a critical role in breast cancer cell metastasis. High levels of TRPM7 expression are associated with poor patient outcomes and increased risk of distant metastases. The study suggests that targeting this protein could block metastasis, offering new therapeutic opportunities.
A study by Lawson Research Institute suggests that breast cancer stem cells have a preference for specific organs, such as the lung and brain, when spreading to other sites. Researchers hope to uncover the underlying factors driving this phenomenon and potentially develop new strategies to target these aggressive cells.
Researchers found that CCR9 is abundant in early stage colon cancer but lacks in invasive and metastatic cancer, suggesting its role in reducing cancer spread. Activation of NOTCH promotes degradation of CCR9, inhibiting the chemokine-induced signaling pathway.
Researchers at Michigan State University have identified a key protein called MLK3 that drives breast cancer cell migration and invasion. By targeting this protein, they hope to develop new therapies to prevent the spread of cancer.
Researchers discover antibodies to malaria surface protein PfEMP1 mediate human immunity; CCL25 pathway suppresses colon cancer metastasis; and a retargeted botulinum toxin inhibits hormone production in acromegaly.
The study suggests that eliminating the PSA test would result in more men being diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer, leading to higher mortality rates. Prostate cancer death rates have been reduced by nearly 40% over the past 20 years, largely due to early detection through PSA testing.
The study found that without PSA testing, approximately 25,000 cases of advanced prostate cancer would occur in 2008, three times the actual number observed. This would result in more men experiencing aggressive disease with limited treatment options.
A recent study published in Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals suggests that high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) should continue to be the initial treatment for patients with stage IV metastatic melanoma. The researchers recommend intensive IL-2 therapy as a viable option, either alone or in combination with newer therapeutic agents.
Researchers have identified RhoC as a key driver of breast cancer stem cell metastasis. High levels of RhoC are associated with worse patient survival rates. Targeting this molecule may lead to more effective treatments for certain types of cancer, potentially managing cancer stem cells and invasive behaviors.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center found that stress activates the sympathetic nervous system, which promotes breast cancer cell colonization of bone. Beta-blockers, such as propranolol, can prevent this process by inhibiting sympathetic nervous system signals.
Physiologists and neuropathologists from the University of Zurich have identified the origin of metastasis formation in intestinal cancer cells. Cancer cells manipulate specific doorman receptors on blood vessel endothelium to enter other organs via bloodstream.
Researchers discovered that tumor cells release chemokine CCL2, which docks onto endothelial cells and activates the CCR2 receptor, making them permeable. This pathway enables tumor cells to migrate and metastasize.
Researchers create high-throughput flow-through optical microscope to classify rare breast cancer cells in blood samples, boasting a throughput of 100,000 cells per second. The technology demonstrates real-time identification of rare cancer cells with a record low false-positive rate.
A study published in Journal of Biological Chemistry found that prostate cancer cells lacking the protein SPDEF are unable to establish colonies at possible sites of metastasis, highlighting a potential biomarker for untreated cancers. Researchers hope to regulate SPDEF expression to prevent cancer cell metastasis.