Articles tagged with Metastasis
A new line of radioisotope therapy, Radium-223 chloride, has been shown to extend the lives of prostate cancer patients with advanced tumors that have spread to bone. The treatment has a short range of penetration and is usually well-tolerated, with serious side effects being rare.
Researchers have shown that CCR5 antagonists can prevent the migration and spread of breast cancer cells. Blocking CCR5 also reduces the formation of pulmonary metastases in mice with basal breast cancer, suggesting a new treatment option.
Researchers at VIB and KU Leuven discovered a novel mechanism for exosome formation involving Alix, syntenin, and syndecan proteins. This finding has implications for understanding the role of exosomes in cancer, metastasis, and other diseases.
A phase III trial found that men without liver metastases lived 8.2 months longer than those with metastasis, despite similar progression-free survival and response to chemotherapy.
Researchers discovered that cancer cells release exosomes containing pro-metastatic proteins that fuse with distant organs, establishing a nurturing environment for tumor growth. This discovery offers fresh diagnostic and treatment potential, including the use of exosomal protein profiles to predict tumor aggressiveness.
In a phase I clinical trial, dabrafenib successfully shrank tumors in 9 out of 10 patients with brain metastases. The drug also showed activity in other cancer types with the BRAF mutation. Researchers recommend an oral dose of 150 mg twice daily for future trials.
Dabrafenib, a BRAF inhibitor, demonstrates substantial tumor shrinkage in patients with brain metastases from melanoma. The study also reveals potential for the treatment to prolong survival beyond 12 months.
Researchers found that administering cyclophosphamide before bone tumors took root fertilized the bone marrow, enabling cancer cells to seed and grow. The study reversed this effect by inhibiting CCL2, suggesting a potential approach for preventing metastasis in certain cancers.
A randomized trial found that the ARCON regime improves control of cancer at its primary site, disease-free survival, and metastasis-free survival in patients with low Hb levels. However, overall survival remains compromised due to other health problems.
SPECT/CT scans have been shown to change clinical management in thyroid cancer patients by improving staging and risk stratification. The technology has been used both post-operatively and pre-ablation to identify metastatic lesions and adjust treatment approaches, leading to avoidance of unnecessary therapy.
Researchers at NYU College of Dentistry and UCSF will use genomic markers to identify oral cancer patients who don't need neck dissection. This study aims to improve quality of life and reduce recovery time for patients, potentially saving lives.
A Moffitt researcher has received a $100,000 grant from General Electric to develop a genetic tool that can identify an individual's predisposition to developing or resisting breast cancer metastasis. The study aims to evaluate inherited changes in DNA predictive of and identify risk for developing or resisting breast cancer metastasis.
Dr. Scott Waldman has received a CURE grant to develop a molecular diagnostic test that identifies patients who will benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy, reducing racial disparities in colon cancer mortality. The test uses guanylyl cyclase C as a biomarker and could help stratify patients into more targeted treatment groups.
The study found that overactivation of RANK signalling pathway promotes tumour stem cells, increasing tumour growth and metastasis in human breast epithelial cells. High levels of RANK protein are associated with poor prognosis tumours and basal type tumours.
Researchers study the origins of HIV/AIDS, revealing that SIV replication in human tissues is crucial to viral efficiency. In contrast, a new study finds that autoantibodies against citrullinated proteins contribute to bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Researchers discovered a novel signaling pathway involving SIX1 and VEGF-C that plays a crucial role in breast cancer metastasis. The study showed that this pathway can be targeted to develop new anti-cancer therapies.
Researchers created transgenic mice with light-emitting lymphatic vessels to study tumor cell dissemination. The technique detects lymph node invasion by tumor cells, providing a unique tool for studying inflammation and metastasis.
A new study found that a protein called SIX1 plays a critical role in early stage metastasis, especially lymphatic metastasis, in breast cancer. The study identified the SIX1-VEGF-C pathway as an important signaling pathway involved in breast cancer metastasis.
Researchers have identified metastasin as a crucial protein that helps stop tumor cells from spreading. By understanding how metastasin binds to motor proteins, scientists can develop drugs to block this interaction and prevent tumor cell proliferation.
Percutaneous cryoablation, an interventional radiology procedure, uses tiny probes to freeze and destroy tumors in metastatic breast cancer. The treatment has been shown to provide a valuable alternative to other therapies with minimal side effects and reduced recovery time.
A phase 2 trial found that ipilimumab improved disease control and long-term survival in patients with advanced melanoma and brain metastases. The treatment was associated with similar immune-related side effects as those reported for patients without brain metastases, suggesting a potential new standard of care for this population.
Researchers are using pond scum microbes called Euglena to develop a new test for detecting cancer cells in the bloodstream. The test uses the microbe as a natural cargo carrier to identify and analyze circulating tumor cells, which enable cancer to spread.
Detecting circulating tumour cells in blood can provide information about breast cancer survival and help target treatment. Patients with high CTC counts have a higher risk of recurrence and death, while CTC detection may also become a target for future therapy.
Researchers found daily aspirin reduces risk of cancer death by 15% and cancer incidence by a quarter from 3 years onwards. Aspirin also shows promise in treating metastasis, with a 36% reduction in risk of distant cancer spread.
Researchers at the University of Kentucky have identified a key protein interaction that promotes metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer. Snail interacts with G9a to suppress E-cadherin expression, which is critical for cell adhesion and preventing tumor spread.
Cancer cells losing cadherin-11 protein spread to nearby organs and structures like lymph nodes. Researchers propose recovering protein activity could slow tumour growth and decrease metastases.
Researchers have found that Plexin-B1 represents a new candidate therapeutic target to treat patients with breast cancer found to overexpress the molecule ErbB-2. Overexpression of ErbB-2 led to activation of Plexin-B1, promoting metastatic cell characteristics in human breast cancer cells and reducing prognosis in human patients.
The new drug Vemurafenib doubles the median survival time of metastatic melanoma patients with a specific genetic mutation, from 6 months to 15.9 months. In responding patients, the drug stops cancer progression for an additional 6.7 months.
Scientists at UCSF found simultaneous targeting of two molecules can effectively shrink tumors, block invasion, and stop metastasis in mice. The approach may improve combination treatments, including drugs like Avastin, for various cancer types.
Dual inhibition of VEGF and c-MET signaling inhibits tumor invasion and metastasis in a laboratory model of pancreatic neuroendocrine cancer. Inhibition of VEGF alone increases c-MET expression, leading to increased invasiveness and metastasis.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College found that a single protein, versican, is key to reversing the process of cancer metastasis in breast cancer. When versican was stopped from functioning, breast cancer could not seed itself into the lungs and form secondary tumors.
Researchers at UCSF have discovered a new class of drugs that target the mTOR protein, which is hyperactive in many forms of cancer. The new drugs block mTOR more completely than previous ones, effectively hobbles cancer cells and prevents metastasis.
A study published in American Journal of Pathology reveals that trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) protein, which protects the epithelial surface in normal breast tissue, also promotes tumor invasion and metastasis in breast cancer. Higher TFF3 expression is associated with a more aggressive phenotype.
Researchers discovered that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) inhibit tumor metastasis by reducing lymphatic vessel dilation and prostaglandin pathways. This mechanism provides a potential target for cancer treatment.
Inflammatory breast cancer cells use the anti-inflammatory response of white blood cells to increase fibronectin expression, a molecule involved in wound healing and cell migration. Monocyte-conditioned media stimulate this process through the IL-8 signaling pathway, allowing cancer cells to branch and invade, leading to metastasis.
The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) has developed a clinical practice guideline for the radiotherapeutic and surgical management of newly diagnosed brain metastases. The guideline provides evidence-based recommendations for choosing treatment modalities based on tumor factors and prognosis.
Researchers at Ohio State University have discovered a pattern of microRNAs that distinguishes early-stage breast tumors from deadly, invasive cancer. The findings suggest a potential biomarker for identifying high-risk DCIS tumors that may become invasive.
Research from the 2012 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium highlights promising new therapies for prostate cancer, including vigorous exercise and targeted drugs that improve survival rates. The studies also compare existing treatments, such as radiation therapy and hormone therapy, to determine their effectiveness.
A new molecular test can predict the likelihood of death from early-stage lung cancer with greater accuracy than traditional methods. The test, which measures gene activity in cancerous tissue, has been shown to improve prognosis and guide treatment decisions for patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute found that a cell surface protein called CDCP1 protects tumor cells from apoptosis and promotes metastasis. The team identified plasmin as the key enzyme responsible for cleaving CDCP1, which triggers a signaling cascade blocking apoptosis and enabling cancer cells to colonize distant organs.
Researchers at Wayne State University are investigating the role of c-kit in bone metastasis of prostate cancer. They aim to understand how factors from the bone stimulate the production of c-kit and its ligand in prostate cancer cells, facilitating their growth and survival.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have discovered that pancreatic cancer cells in an animal model begin to spread before clinically obvious tumor tissue is detected. Inflammation plays a crucial role in enhancing cancer progression, leading to the entry of cancer cells into the bloodstream. The study used...
A new study finds that pericytes, a group of cells in the tumor microenvironment, play a crucial role in preventing cancer progression and metastasis. Researchers discovered that inhibiting these cells can inadvertently make tumors more aggressive and likely to spread.
Researchers at the University of Granada have identified genetic and phenotypic changes that lead to tumor progression and metastasis. Circulating tumor cells can adapt to hostile environments and resist treatment, causing metastasis.
Researchers have developed targeted, fluorescent molecular imaging probes that can non-invasively detect breast cancer lymph node metastases, improving breast cancer staging and prognosis. CAIX and CAXII cell surface markers are highly expressed in breast cancer lymph node metastases.
Research finds that ISG15 pathway disrupts cytoskeletal architecture in breast cancer cells, promoting cell migration and invasion. The study suggests that targeting the ISG15 pathway could provide a therapeutic advantage for patients with metastatic tumors.
Scientists at Thomas Jefferson University's Center for Translational Medicine have found that reducing N-cadherin levels in pancreatic cancer cells can slow down their mobility and prolong survival in mice by 25 percent. This discovery could lead to new targeted therapies for pancreatic cancer.
Researchers found that EET-enhancing drugs promote tumor growth and metastasis in mice, raising concerns about their use in humans. The findings suggest that these drugs could also worsen cardiovascular diseases.
Researchers found that blocking EETs production can eliminate blood vessels that feed cancer tumors, promoting metastasis. Increasing EET levels may help patients with vascular conditions, but excessive levels promote tumor growth and metastasis.
Researchers found that increasing EET levels promotes tumor growth and metastasis, even in cancers that rarely spread. Blocking EETs, however, could reduce tumor growth and metastasis, suggesting a potential new avenue for cancer treatment.
A team of researchers found that raising levels of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) in mice stimulated primary tumor growth and metastasis, suggesting potential risks for humans. EET antagonists may provide a new approach to preventing and treating cancer-related metastasis.
Combining bevacizumab with standard chemoradiation therapy prolongs survival and delays disease progression in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The study results show over 90% of patients surviving 2 years without distant metastases.
Researchers found that tumors with high microRNA-200c levels are more likely to spread and those with lower levels may benefit from focused local treatment. This discovery could help identify patients who can benefit from aggressive, targeted radiation therapy and move them away from whole-body treatments.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center have identified a chemical disrupter of the Rb-Raf-1 interaction, which may be vulnerable to targeting to prevent cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth. The study found that this disruption can limit metastasis in test mice, suggesting a potential new approach for combating metastatic disease.
Women with newly diagnosed inflammatory breast cancer who have stray tumor cells in their blood should receive aggressive treatment, regardless of imaging results. Researchers found no correlation between circulating tumor cells and survival rates in these patients.
Scientists isolated a protein called periostin that plays a major role in metastasis development. Blocking this protein can prevent the formation of secondary cancers, offering a promising therapeutic option for late-stage cancers.
A recent study found that clodronate had a low incidence of adverse events and toxicity among patients with breast cancer. The treatment modestly reduced the incidence of distant metastases in postmenopausal women, with a relative reduction of 9% compared to placebo.
Researchers have discovered a drug that can alter the DNA of uveal melanoma cells, rendering them less aggressive. The treatment, known as histone deacetylase inhibitors, may slow or prevent tumor growth in patients with metastatic eye cancer.
A team of UNC scientists has identified P-Rex1 protein as a crucial factor in the movement of melanoblasts, leading to melanoma development. The study found that mice lacking this protein are resistant to melanoma metastasis, suggesting P-Rex1 plays an important role in cancer spread.
A new study from the University of Hawaii Cancer Center found that PEA-15 protein enhances tumor formation in kidney cells carrying a mutation in the cancer-promoting gene H-Ras. The discovery suggests caution in pursuing PEA-15 as an anti-cancer therapeutic, highlighting its dual role in cancer growth and suppression.