Articles tagged with Anaphylaxis
Researchers have mapped the molecular mechanism behind allergic reactions and developed tailored antibodies to block life-threatening responses. The findings suggest a new approach to targeting the most important allergens and provide a starting point for developing more precise treatments for severe allergy.
Researchers from Chiba University found that antibody therapeutics with stronger Fcγ receptor binding are more likely to be recognized as foreign and associated with higher anaphylaxis risk. High affinities for Fcγ receptors critical determinants of anaphylaxis, study suggests.
A retrospective review of 91 pediatric patients found no significant difference in reaction severity between children taking inhaled corticosteroids alone and those taking combination therapy. The study suggests continuing asthma controller therapy may be appropriate in many cases.
Researchers identified Fab antibody fragments that target the IgE Cε2 domain, effectively stripping IgE from mast cells. The most potent Fab clones showed rapid efficacy in cellular assays and in vivo anaphylaxis models, demonstrating potential as a next-generation anti-allergy therapy.
A 47-year-old man from New Jersey died after consuming beef due to a tick-borne meat allergy caused by the Lone Star tick's alpha-gal sugar. Researchers identified the allergy and its link to fatal anaphylaxis, urging physicians to investigate severe abdominal pain after eating red meat in areas with high Lone Star tick populations.
Only a third of children with a food allergy in England have been prescribed repeat adrenaline devices, highlighting the need for better accessibility and safety measures. Providing spare devices to all schools could save millions of pounds and improve emergency access to life-saving medication.
A study suggests that nasal sprays are as effective as injection devices like EpiPens in delivering adrenaline to counter anaphylactic shock. The sprays can reach the bloodstream faster, with similar levels of adrenaline seen in blood plasma, and have a longer shelf life.
A study identified eight additional foods frequently involved in food-induced anaphylaxis, including goat's and sheep's milk, buckwheat, and pine nut. The research proposes that these foods be considered for inclusion on the European mandatory labelling of foods list due to their frequency, severity, and potential for hidden exposure.
A new UVA Health study finds that stocking two twin packs of epinephrine autoinjectors and having campers leave their own at home is the most cost-effective strategy for residential camps. This approach comes with an estimated overall cost of $4.33 per camper.
A new consensus report on anaphylaxis has been released, providing updated clinical criteria and guidelines for diagnosing and treating the condition. The report includes distinct infant findings to improve management in young children, addressing a significant burden on patients and caregivers worldwide.
A McGill University-led study found patterns between triggers and symptoms of anaphylaxis, revealing a strong link between tree nuts and throat tightness. The research also suggests that drinking alcohol may increase the risk of severe reactions to nut allergies.
Two studies reveal that anaphylaxis management remains unclear, with only 14% of respondents confident in using epinephrine. EMS protocols also vary widely, with outdated definitions and inadequate recommendations for treatment.
A study found that anxiety related to food allergies increased significantly in children, leading to an average of 2.1 allergens per patient and a 69% incidence of food-related anxiety. Psychology referrals for these patients increased by 50% over four years, with 60% completing at least one appointment.
A recent review published in Clinical & Experimental Allergy suggests that intravenous adrenaline infusions can prevent fatal anaphylaxis, but adrenaline autoinjectors may have little impact in such deadly cases. Fatal anaphylaxis is rare, with a population incidence of 0.03–0.51 per million per year.
A study of over 1,329 adults and 1,907 caregivers found that two-thirds of adults with food allergies and three-quarters of adult caregivers reported psychological distress related to food allergy. The biggest barrier to access to psychological help was cost, highlighting the need for free or low-cost support.
Researchers found a significant association between the KIT M541L variant and mastocytosis diagnosis in patients with systemic and cutaneous mastocytosis. The variant was identified in 19 individuals, mostly diagnosed with systemic mastocytosis, but without significant differences in symptomatology.
Researchers at RIKEN found that gut bacteria, particularly Bifidobacterium, are associated with higher chances of successful milk-allergy treatment. However, only 7 out of 28 children who underwent oral immunotherapy passed the food challenge after a two-week milk avoidance period.
A new study from the University of British Columbia has found that sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is safe and effective for older children with multiple food allergies, who cannot risk consuming allergens orally. The treatment involves placing smaller amounts of food allergens under the tongue, allowing patients to build up their resi...
The FDA has approved omalizumab for the reduction of allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, in adults and children aged 1 year and older with food allergy. The approval is based on data from a Phase 3 clinical trial sponsored by NIAID.
Scientists have created a new therapy using nanoparticles to target specific immune cells responsible for allergic responses. The approach, which combines an allergen with antibodies that selectively inhibit mast cells, has shown promising results in a mouse study, preventing allergic reactions without causing side effects.
The new guidelines offer evidence-based recommendations for diagnosing and managing anaphylaxis and atopic dermatitis in pediatric and adult patients. The guidelines emphasize the importance of patient values and preferences in arriving at optimal recommendations, reflecting advancements in diversity, equity, and inclusion.
The Allergist's Foundation awards grants to support innovative projects addressing health disparities in underserved communities. Six grantees presented their work at the ACAAI National Scientific Meeting, focusing on topics such as cannabis education, food allergy management, and asthma-related outcomes.
A new study presents evidence that children with private insurance are more likely to outgrow food allergies compared to those with public insurance. Milk and egg allergy were the most frequently outgrown allergies in the cohort of 188 children studied, with a mean age at which food was outgrown being 5 years.
Researchers developed a method to measure transepidermal water loss to detect anaphylaxis before epinephrine injections are necessary. The study showed that skin water loss increases before anaphylaxis occurs and can predict food challenge outcomes.
A recent case study highlights the challenges faced by families seeking venom immunotherapy for fire ant allergies, particularly in low-income communities. Despite proven safety and effectiveness of treatment, access remains a significant issue due to transportation barriers, lack of childcare, and work constraints.
Scientists at Indiana University School of Medicine have developed a new treatment that blocks anaphylaxis caused by peanut allergies, potentially saving lives. The covalent heterobivalent inhibitor (cHBI) was tested in animal models and showed promise in preventing allergic reactions for over two weeks.
A new study reveals that only half of food allergic adult patients have immediate access to epinephrine, and 36% believe EAIs can cause life-threatening effects. The top reported reason for not having an EAI is lack of education on their necessity.
A new study presented at the American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology Annual Scientific Meeting found that most infants with anaphylaxis were treated appropriately with a single dose of epinephrine. The study reviewed charts for 169 patients under 2 years old who presented with anaphylaxis symptoms in various systems.
Researchers found histamine releases HMGB1 in vascular endothelial cells, leading to severe symptoms. Administering anti-HMGB1 antibody attenuated hypotension and improved recovery rates.
A new study shows the first-of-its-kind program led to significant declines in anxiety for those with food allergies and improvements in quality of life. The Food Allergy Bravery (FAB) program provides individualized, cognitive behavioral treatment that encourages children to take small steps towards facing allergen-related fears.
A new study published in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice found that infants under 12 months who undergo oral immunotherapy have a better safety profile compared to older preschoolers. The treatment, which involves gradually increasing exposure to peanut flour, is highly effective and safe for this age group.
A large cohort study found that babies born to men who took metformin during sperm development were at increased risk for genital defects in boys. Diabetes control affects sperm quality, so men should discuss alternative treatments with their doctors before conception. The findings suggest a need for further study on treatment of prosp...
A Rutgers analysis of Medicare database found that two IV iron formulations have a much higher chance of provoking severe allergic attacks. The risk was highest for iron dextran and ferumoxytol, with rates three to eight times higher than ferric gluconate.
The Wilderness Medical Society has published evidence-based guidelines for anaphylaxis treatment in remote areas. The guidelines recommend administering intramuscular epinephrine as the primary prehospital treatment, while also discussing prevention strategies such as extracting additional epinephrine from autoinjectors and using expir...
A new study found that serious allergic reactions to food among children have flattened since changes to Australian infant feeding guidelines. The research showed a slowing rate of increase in hospital admissions for food anaphylaxis among young children and teenagers, but overall rates remain high. Experts emphasize the need for effec...
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that the risk of immediate allergic reactions to a second dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines is low among patients who experienced an immediate allergic reaction to their first dose. The study included 1,366 patients and showed no significant increase in severe immediate reactions or anaphylaxis.
A recent study found that over 50% of products containing sesame did not declare it on the label, leading to accidental ingestion and allergic reactions. Clear and specific product labeling is essential for preventing adverse reactions, especially anaphylaxis, in food-allergic individuals.
A new case study presents a medially challenging situation where NSAIDs triggered anaphylactic reactions in a female runner. The patient's symptoms worsened with exercise, emphasizing the importance of being aware of this phenomenon and taking preventive measures.
A new report confirms polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a cause of anaphylaxis following COVID-19 vaccination. The authors note that PEG allergy is rare and that COVID-19 vaccines remain safe despite the risk.
Hospital admissions in the UK due to food-induced anaphylaxis have more than tripled over the past 20 years. Despite this increase, the death rate from food-induced anaphylaxis has halved, according to research published in The BMJ.
A study by University of Barcelona researchers reveals a new molecular mechanism controlling anaphylactic reaction severity, identifying the KARS gene mutation as a key player. This discovery holds promise for identifying patients at risk and developing prophylactic measures.
A new study found that Halloween and Easter holidays are associated with a significant spike in peanut and tree-nut allergies among children. The study suggests that increased awareness and education can help reduce the risk of anaphylaxis, a life-threatening allergic reaction.
A new study published in CMAJ found a spike in peanut and tree-nut anaphylaxis cases among Canadian children during Halloween and Easter, with previously unknown allergies identified.
The Food Allergy Bravery Clinic at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia uses Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help children with a phobia of anaphylaxis manage their anxiety. By gradually introducing children to safe, structured practices, the clinic aims to equip families with practical skills and confidence.
A new Northwestern Medicine study shows that a pill taking proactively to prevent mild to life-threatening anaphylaxis could be a game-changer for those with food or drug allergies. The pill uses BTK inhibitors to block allergic reactions by inhibiting the Bruton's tyrosine kinase enzyme, which is found inside cells and mast cells.
Research suggests that administering antihistamines for anaphylaxis symptoms can delay seeking medical care, with a majority of families experiencing delays after using these medications. Experts stress the importance of immediate treatment with epinephrine to prevent fatal outcomes.
Researchers identified a specific type of T-cell that drives the production of high-affinity IgE antibodies associated with severe allergic reactions. This discovery suggests a potential target for new therapies to prevent or treat allergic diseases, including anaphylaxis.
A study of 86 patients reveals how anesthesia drugs can induce life-threatening allergic reactions through alternative immune pathways. Hyperactive immune cells, including neutrophils and macrophages, play a key role in this process, which could lead to the development of new diagnostics for anaphylaxis during anesthesia.
A new Canadian study found that pre-hospital treatment with epinephrine autoinjectors has the highest protective effect against uncontrolled allergic reactions in children. The study also revealed that steroids can have a negative impact on patient outcomes, suggesting that current guidelines should be reassessed.
A new Canadian study found that nearly 7.5% of anaphylaxis cases were due to an unknown trigger (AUT), with suboptimal treatment and follow-up management common both inside and outside hospitals. The study highlights the need for clear guidelines and educational programs to ensure prompt and appropriate management of anaphylaxis.
A recent study published at the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Annual Scientific Meeting found that epinephrine auto injectors (EAIs) can still function properly even if they are unintentionally frozen. Researchers tested 104 devices and found no significant difference in weight changes before and after freezing.
Research found that a protein interacts with blood vessels to intensify anaphylaxis symptoms, making it a potential target for drug therapies. Therapies targeting this protein could moderate reactions and make anaphylaxis less deadly.
A new study published in Pediatric Allergy and Immunology reveals that food-induced anaphylaxis reactions occur frequently under adult supervision, with adults other than parents often present. The research highlights the importance of increasing education and awareness among all caregivers of food-allergic children.
Researchers at NIAID found that some patients' seemingly inexplicable anaphylaxis was caused by an uncommon allergy to a molecule found naturally in red meat. Six study participants tested positive for an allergy to galactose-a-1,3-galactose, or alpha-gal, and experienced no anaphylaxis after implementing diets free of red meat.
A study found that 87% of school staff knew what to do in an emergency, but only 18% felt confident. The majority of non-nurse staff can identify the correct sequence of actions to take in case of anaphylaxis.
Scientists have discovered a new target to combat severe and fatal allergic reactions by identifying a molecular motor that controls the release of inflammatory factors. Researchers found that depleting this motor reduces mast cell granule transport and release, potentially leading to new treatment options for anaphylaxis.
A new study found that anaphylaxis rates among Canadian children have doubled over four years, highlighting the need for increased awareness and proper use of epinephrine auto-injectors. The majority of cases were triggered by food, particularly peanut and tree nut allergies.
A study analyzed data from 688,183 recipients of IV iron products and identified a higher risk of anaphylaxis with certain formulations, including iron dextran. The researchers found that the cumulative risk of anaphylaxis was highest with iron dextran and lowest with iron sucrose.
A survey of over 6,000 schools found that nearly 22% of anaphylactic events occurred in individuals with no previously known allergies. The majority were treated with epinephrine auto-injectors, and the most common triggers included food and insect stings.
A recent case series highlights the risk of EpiPen-related injuries in children, particularly thigh lacerations and embedded needles. The study recommends improving product design and instructions for use to reduce these risks, citing a safer alternative device as Auvi-Q.