Articles tagged with Cancer Patients
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at Moores UCSD Cancer Center are conducting a clinical trial of an immune-boosting vaccine, ISF35, to combat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in high-risk patients. The therapy aims to activate the immune system and eliminate cancer cells.
A landmark UCLA study reveals that tailored treatment approaches can significantly improve kidney cancer patient survival rates, with some patients experiencing excellent outcomes of up to 97%. The study identified subsets of patients who require different levels of treatment, including surgery and targeted therapies.
Frank L. Meyskens Jr., a renowned cancer prevention researcher, has received the AACR-Prevent Cancer Foundation Award for his significant contributions to the field. His work on chemoprevention, including the development of topical all-trans-retinoic acid for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, has moved the field forward.
Experts warn that both John McCain's and Barack Obama's healthcare plans will be significantly impacted by the $700 billion bailout. McCain's plan would cut federal insurance for the poor, while Obama's plan proposes expanded coverage with standard benefits. The bailout is expected to diminish prospects for health reform.
A new study reveals that poorer socioeconomic status increases mortality risk in non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients, while chemotherapy reduces the risk. Ethnic disparities are also observed, with African-Americans less likely to receive chemotherapy and living in poorer communities.
The VCU Massey Cancer Center will conduct two studies to examine delays and disparities in colon cancer diagnosis and physician communication patterns based on race and gender. The first study focuses on appraisal delays, while the second study uses trained actors to simulate patient interactions with primary care physicians.
Lucile L. Adams-Campbell, a renowned expert on health disparities, has been elected to the Institute of Medicine, recognized for her outstanding professional achievements and commitment to service. As a professor of oncology at Georgetown University Medical Center's Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, she will strive to enhance the n...
A landmark clinical trial is underway to test whether a low-molecule-weight heparin can prevent pulmonary embolism in patients receiving chemotherapy on an outpatient basis. The trial aims to identify high-risk cancer patients and demonstrate that blood clots can be prevented with anti-coagulant therapy.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute found that end-of-life discussions can lead to improved quality of life for patients and their loved ones. Patients who had these conversations were more likely to accept comfort care and received less aggressive medical treatment.
Patients who had end-of-life discussions with physicians experienced improved quality of life near death, fewer aggressive medical interventions, and better hospice enrollment. Caregivers also benefited from these conversations, with lower rates of depression and regret.
Research found that surgical tumor removal significantly elevated serum levels of TF and Tn antibodies in gastrointestinal cancer patients, particularly those with G3 tumors. The postoperative follow-up showed a correlation between the level of anti-TF IgG and lymphocyte count, as well as between anti-Tn IgG and serum CA 19-9 levels.
Researchers at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center have found that chemotherapy alone can be effective in treating pediatric patients with unresectable or progressive low-grade glioma, reducing the need for cranial radiation. Patients treated with thioguanine, procarbazine, lomustine and vincristine (TPCV) regimen show...
A new analysis found that African Americans and those from low-income communities have poorer survival rates for head and neck cancer, with earlier diagnosis crucial to improving outcomes. The study reveals racial disparities and socio-economic inequities in cancer treatment, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
A study from Massachusetts General Hospital found that women with vulvar carcinoma and extra copies of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene are at increased risk of dying from their cancer. EGFR amplification is associated with poor survival rates, making targeted therapies a promising treatment option.
Researchers found that hepatitis B virus (HBV) exposure may increase the risk of pancreatic cancer and reactivation of HBV during chemotherapy. The study, published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, suggests testing for HBV before administering chemotherapy to prevent liver damage.
A University of Missouri researcher has developed a new method to create cancer drugs that can be tailored to individual tumors, increasing effectiveness and reducing waste. The new method uses two-stage radioactive decay to produce nearly 100% of the intended radioactive isotope.
The study found that CAPHOSOL treatment significantly limits the occurrence and severity of oral mucositis, with high levels of medication compliance and patient/physician satisfaction reported. Compliance was very high, with nearly all patients rinsing with CAPHOSOL at least once daily.
A study using PET/CT showed an accuracy of 82.6% in detecting tumor recurrence, with clinical decisions changed for 30.4% patients. Molecular imaging technology may provide new applications for improving long-term survival in gastric cancer patients.
A team of researchers at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center has discovered a biomarker for bladder cancer using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) tests on urine samples, identifying all 23 cancer cases and correctly characterizing six of seven controls as not having bladder cancer.
A meta-analysis of 22 studies found that endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is highly accurate in staging gastric cancer, with higher sensitivity and specificity for advanced disease. EUS can help determine the most appropriate treatment approach for patients with gastric cancer, including curative or palliative therapies.
A study found that black patients undergoing screening colonoscopy have a higher prevalence of colon polyps compared to white patients. Black men and women were more likely to have large polyps, with increased odds in those over 50 years old.
Researchers found that undetectable EBV DNA levels during treatment significantly reduced cancer recurrence risk, while detectable levels increased the risk of recurrence and metastasis. The study suggests using biomarker tests before and during treatment to guide clinical therapy.
Researchers at OHSU Cancer Institute have determined that the prostate moves up and down by up to 2 millimeters during the breathing cycle, affecting radiation treatment accuracy. This new information will help doctors determine suitable margins for treatment, reducing side effects and improving patient outcomes.
A study by the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute found that Medicare HMO costs can be a significant barrier for cancer patients participating in clinical trials. The research suggests that the payment policy under these plans may be preventing vulnerable members of society from accessing state-of-the-art care.
Researchers at Fox Chase Cancer Center have developed a prediction tool that estimates the benefit of adding androgen deprivation therapy to radiation therapy for high-risk prostate cancer patients. The tool takes into account disease burden and individual patient characteristics, allowing for personalized treatment recommendations.
Research finds activation of Src signaling pathway contributes to treatment resistance in some patients with triple-negative breast cancer. Inhibiting this pathway holds promise as a way to overcome resistance and improve patient outcomes.
The breast cancer incidence in China is expected to increase due to lifestyle changes and adoption of Western lifestyles. Researchers predict a total of 2.5 million cases by 2012, with modifications to lifestyle and reproductive risk factors potentially preventing 270,000 cases.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine developed a novel test to screen for chemical modifications to DNA known as methylation. The technology potentially could be used both for early cancer diagnoses and for assessing patients' response to cancer therapies.
A new instrument uses multispectral imaging to analyze multiple proteins in a single cancer sample, providing more information for therapy development and personalized treatment. The technology is fast, automated, and provides a quantitative read-out of protein expression levels.
A study presented at the American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology's 50th Annual Meeting found that proton therapy decreases the risk of patients developing a secondary cancer. Proton therapy is a more targeted form of external beam radiation, which delivers less radiation to bordering normal structures.
A new study from The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center found that cancer patients who receive whole brain radiation therapy in addition to stereotactic radiosurgery have a higher risk of developing learning and memory problems. This suggests that SRS alone may be a more effective treatment option for these patients.
A short one-week course of radiation before surgery significantly reduces rectal cancer recurrence risk by 76% compared to post-operative treatment. However, this approach also causes impairment in sexual and bowel functions, affecting the quality of life for patients.
A quality assurance program improves the standard of care in cancer patients by ensuring valid and statistically significant data, enabling better treatment protocols. This program strengthens clinical trials conducted by cooperative groups and supported by the National Cancer Institute.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center found that CyberKnife radiosurgery is a safe treatment option for recurrent pancreatic cancer, allowing patients to resume systemic chemotherapy quickly. The study demonstrated acceptable safety and efficacy in delivering treatment within a week's time.
Researchers found that family history, high CEA levels, cancerous perforation, tumor differentiation, and vessel cancerous emboli are significant risk factors for local recurrence. Patients with positive circumferential resection margins had a higher rate of local recurrence compared to those with negative margins.
Researchers discovered a previously unknown link between two genes associated with aging and certain types of cancer. A low-calorie diet affects the activity of these genes in worms, slowing aging progression. The study's findings have implications for understanding metabolism, longevity, and disease in humans.
Researchers found that changes in physical health status during the first year after diagnosis can predict long-term survival. Patients who died within five years exhibited no recovery in their scores, while those who survived showed improvement at the one-year mark.
A new set of tools, 'Pathways to Clinical Goals,' aims to improve the translational research process, accelerating cancer therapy approval. The six pathways address various categories, including anti-cancer agents and lifestyle alterations, to clarify and streamline the research process.
A study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that massage therapy provided immediate benefits on pain and mood among patients with advanced cancer. The treatment improved symptoms greater than simple touch, offering a safe and effective way to provide immediate relief.
Researchers have developed new therapies targeting out-of-control growth circuits in cancer cells, leading to improved survival rates. Advances in understanding head and neck cancer have also allowed doctors to better preserve organ function and increase early detection strategies.
Penn researchers discovered that Fbx4, a naturally occurring enzyme, plays a key role in stopping the production of Cyclin D1, a protein contributing to cancer development. By understanding this mechanism, scientists can develop new therapies to reverse the process.
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that only 38 percent of U.S. hospitals were compliant with the guideline to examine 12 or more lymph nodes in colon cancer patients by 2004-2005, despite being recommended since 1997. Compliance increased from 15% to 38% over the eight-year period.
Researchers found that IKKalpha acts as a sentry to monitor and regulate keratinocyte proliferation, preventing the development of squamous cell carcinomas. Deleting IKKalpha induced cancer in mouse models by activating the epidermal growth factor receptor pathway.
A new analysis reveals that fewer than half of older patients with colorectal cancer receive the recommended screening schedule to detect any recurrence. The study found that some patients may not meet guideline standards due to other procedures, while others receive testing that goes beyond guidelines.
Debra DeMella, a brain tumor survivor, received the 2008 Survivor Circle Award from the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) for her dedication to helping others living with cancer. She founded Brainstormers, a brain tumor support group, and served on various boards to improve quality of life for patients.
Researchers at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center discovered that 50% of HER2-positive breast cancer patients showed no signs of disease after surgery treated with Herceptin. However, some patients developed tumors that converted from HER2 positive to negative status, suggesting potential resistance to the therapy.
The VCU Massey Cancer Center is spearheading a phase II clinical study for certain sub-types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, combining the novel drugs bortezomib and vorinostat. The study aims to assess the effectiveness and side effects of this drug regimen in patients whose disease has progressed following treatment with other regimens.
The World Cancer Declaration aims to tackle the growing cancer crisis in developing countries with 11 cancer-busting targets for 2020. The plan focuses on significant drops in tobacco consumption, obesity and alcohol intake, as well as universal vaccination programs and proper pain medication.
Researchers at TGen and Washington University School of Medicine have discovered a new approach to treating endometrial cancer using a commercially available inhibitor drug. The study found that the drug can stop tumor growth and kill cancer cells, even in cases where the tumors contain a commonly occurring mutant gene.
A prospective cohort study of 6107 Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes found a V-shaped risk relation between LDL cholesterol and cancer. Patients with low LDL cholesterol (below 2.80 mmol/L) or high levels (above 3.90 mmol/L) had significantly elevated risks of various cancers.
Research led by Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center identifies a previously unrecognized problem faced by mTORC1 inhibitors: activating the MAPK pathway, which encourages cancer cell survival. Scientists found that combining mTORC1 and MAPK inhibitors may offer a new treatment option for cancer patients.
A UK-led team of scientists has developed a more accurate way of identifying aggressive forms of bowel cancer, which should lead to better treatment and survival rates. The study found that patients with a stem cell marker protein called Lamin A present in their tissue are more likely to have an aggressive form of the disease.
Researchers have developed a more accurate way to identify aggressive bowel cancer forms, suggesting patients with the Lamin A marker should receive chemotherapy in addition to surgery for improved recovery and survival. The study aims to develop a robust prognostic tool for widespread use in bowel cancer treatment.
Despite five years of systemic therapy, breast cancer patients remain at risk for disease recurrence. Women with hormone receptor-positive cancer have a higher risk of relapse, highlighting an unmet clinical need for new strategies to reduce this risk.
Researchers identified specific HBV genotypes and mutations associated with increased liver cancer risk, including genotype C and basal core promoter mutation A1762T/G1764A. A combination of doxorubicin and zoledronic acid was found to reduce tumor size substantially in a mouse model of breast cancer.
A study led by M. D. Anderson Cancer Center found that risk assessment can help determine the probability of breast cancer recurrence, allowing clinicians to make informed decisions about extended therapy. The research analyzed data from 2,838 women diagnosed with Stage I-III breast cancers and treated with adjuvant systemic therapy.
Researchers at the University of Chicago Medical Center found that targeted radiation therapy can eradicate all signs of disease in up to 21% of patients with stage-IV cancer who have only a few sites of metastasis. The treatment was well-tolerated, with limited side effects, and showed promising results in controlling tumor growth.
A recent American Cancer Society study found that nearly half of cancer survivors used complementary methods such as prayer and meditation to cope with their condition. The study also revealed that women, younger survivors, and those with higher incomes were more likely to use these methods.
Researchers found that standard flu vaccine boosted immune function in patients with recurrent or metastatic Ewing's sarcoma and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, leading to higher five-year overall survival rates. The study suggests immunotherapy could be beneficial for high-risk pediatric sarcomas.
The Kenneth B. Schwartz Center and ASTRO are partnering to raise awareness of cancer survivorship through the Survivor Circle exhibit at ASTRO's Annual Meeting. The center supports compassionate healthcare and education, and will participate in the exhibit to promote its mission.