Articles tagged with Cancer Patients
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Experts question whether following up low-risk patients with symptoms can improve cancer detection, citing a lack of evidence. Researchers recommend ways to improve safety netting, including doctor-patient communication and system reviews.
A new study raises concerns about the effectiveness of expensive new cancer drugs in improving survival rates, citing limitations in clinical trials and high costs. Experts call for stricter approval criteria and improved patient consent processes to ensure fair and equitable treatment.
Researchers have found a link between cancer cachexia and the failure of cancer immunotherapies in patients. By understanding this mechanism, they hope to develop combination therapies that target metabolic abnormalities or hormonal responses, increasing the effectiveness of immunotherapy for more patients.
Researchers at Queen's University Belfast have identified a way to bypass bowel cancer's defence against the drug cetuximab by blocking the ADAM17 protein. This breakthrough could lead to a new combination therapy that delays or prevents cancer recurrence, improving patient outcomes.
A new study of over 14,000 childhood cancer survivors found that while treatments have extended their lifespan, patients do not report better health status. The study, which looked at three decades of therapy, highlights the need for interventions to improve quality of life and health outcomes for these survivors.
A study of 2386 men with localized prostate cancer found that second opinions did not affect treatment choice or quality of care. Men who sought second opinions due to dissatisfaction with their initial urologist were less likely to receive definitive treatment.
A group of circulating tumour cells has been found to be linked to the spread of prostate cancer. The cells' ability to migrate and invade through the body makes them a promising marker for predicting cancer spread. This discovery could potentially be used to monitor patients and make informed treatment decisions.
A new study aims to save lives by giving doctors a practical tool to diagnose cachexia in cancer patients. Cachexia is characterized by muscle wasting and metabolic changes, affecting patient prognosis and quality of life.
Researchers found a combination of immunotherapy options improves overall survival and lowers the risk of life-threatening events in late-stage melanoma patients. PD-1 inhibitors were associated with the lowest risk of life-threatening events, making them a promising first-line therapy option.
Researchers estimate that implementing pictorial warnings on cigarette packs could prevent 652,800 smoking attributable deaths and 46,600 low-birth weight cases by 2065. The study, published online Nov. 3 in the journal Tobacco Control, suggests a direct association between graphic pictures and increased smoking cessation.
A novel therapeutic target and treatment strategy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have been discovered, using a small molecule drug to block fructose utilization. This approach shows dramatic therapeutic benefit for AML treatment, improving patient outcomes.
A recent study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention found that uninsured women under 65 years of age are more likely to experience delays in receiving follow-up mammograms. These delays can contribute to disparities in breast cancer outcomes, including larger tumor size at diagnosis and reduced survival.
A study published in Gynecologic Oncology found that less than half of cervical cancer patients receive standard-of-care treatment, highlighting the need for improved access. Patients who received brachytherapy had better overall survival rates compared to those receiving only two components of SOC.
A study found that an online neurocognitive learning program reduced cognitive symptoms in cancer patients following chemotherapy. Participants who used the program showed improved cognitive function, reduced anxiety and depression, and better quality of life compared to those receiving standard care.
The article explores the economic aspects of cancer care, highlighting the need to assess the value of healthcare innovation. It discusses the rising costs of new treatments and the potential impact on healthcare budgets. The Special Issue provides a review of health economics in cancer research and care.
A new study examines outcomes in colorectal surgery patients, finding that patient factors such as race, income, and insurance status significantly impact readmission rates. Minority-serving hospitals face disproportionately harsh penalties for these outcomes, which may be unfairly influenced by their high patient populations.
A study found that nearly half of cancer patients expect their tumors to shrink after participating in phase I clinical trials, despite the realistic response rate being much lower. The results highlight the need to improve patient information and consent forms.
A new Penn Medicine study fails to find NLR reliable for predicting cancer progression and treatment response in bladder cancer patients. The researchers analyzed data from a prospective clinical trial, which showed that NLR was not effective as a prognostic or predictive biomarker.
The OncoArray technology uses a novel, inexpensive genotyping microarray to analyze DNA variations associated with cancer. Researchers have identified over 100 new loci contributing to common cancers, including lung, colon, breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers.
A study by UC Davis researchers found that terminally ill cancer patients who undergo surgery experience longer hospital stays, readmissions, and discharge to extended care facilities. The study emphasizes the importance of discussing risks and benefits with patients before proposing surgery.
Researchers found that detecting poorly differentiated basal tumor cells in early-stage cancers and overexpressing cell division cycle 25C can predict an increased risk of death. A test for this protein could help determine whether a patient is likely to benefit from drug treatment.
A study found that Japanese patients with esophageal cancer who tested positive for DNA from Fusobacterium nucleatum had shorter cancer-specific survival compared to those without the bacterium. The presence of F. nucleatum was associated with poorer outcomes and may serve as a biomarker for prognosis.
Researchers from Colorado State University discovered that a cancer cell's shape may offer similar clues to predict how dangerous it is and guide treatment strategies. By analyzing cell shape using Zernike moments, the team was able to identify patterns that distinguish invasive osteosarcoma cell lines.
A study at the University of York found that a standard hormone supplement may increase prostate cancer cell resistance to treatment. The research suggests that proteins called SMARCs in stem cells help keep cancer alive during radiotherapy.
A recent scandal in Brazil highlights the dangers of unproven compounds being sold to cancer patients. The authors argue that skipping clinical research phases puts patients at risk of false hopes and dangerous treatments. They emphasize the need for evidence-based medicine and the importance of testing novel drug candidates.
A large prospective cohort study found associations between high BMI, waist circumference, and type 2 diabetes with increased risk for liver cancer. The study, published in Cancer Research, adds substantial support to the link between obesity-related cancers, including liver cancer.
A minimally-invasive procedure to fix an aortic aneurysm, called endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), may be associated with a higher risk of long-term complications, including mortality, compared to open surgery. Regular scans can help prevent these complications.
A successful trial shows that taking oral tablet Sunitinib for one year reduces the likelihood of kidney cancer returning for patients following removal of the kidney. The treatment improves disease-free survival and reduces the risk of relapse by 40-50% compared to placebo.
Patients diagnosed with cancer at emergency presentation have poorer survival rates compared to those diagnosed electively. The review highlights inequalities in socioeconomic groups and ethnicity, emphasizing the need for new screening methods and improved participation in existing screening programs to reduce emergency presentations.
A study published in the British Journal of Cancer predicts that more than 352,000 people will be diagnosed with cancer each year in the UK by 2035, a rise of 150,000 cases annually. The projected increase is largely attributed to an ageing and growing population, as well as lifestyle factors such as obesity and smoking.
A team of international scientists has outlined 14 recommendations to improve the adoption of new cancer scans in clinics. The guidelines aim to address challenges such as variability in methodologies and lack of reproducibility across laboratories.
A pooled analysis of 16 prospective multicenter trials found financial difficulties associated with a 35% greater risk of worse global quality-of-life response and a 20% increase in risk of death. Financial burden was present in 26% of patients at baseline, and worsening financial problems during treatment increased mortality risk.
A new treatment harnesses the immune system to shrink tumors in bladder cancer patients that cannot take the most effective chemotherapy. In a clinical trial, injections of pembrolizumab reduced tumor size by at least one third in 24% of patients, with six% experiencing complete responses.
Researchers discovered a novel mechanism in a combination drug therapy that disrupts cancer cells' ability to survive DNA damage. The therapy combines DNA methyltransferase inhibitors with poly-ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors, causing massive DNA damage that leads to cancer cell death.
A new immunotherapy drug nivolumab has been shown to significantly increase survival rates and reduce adverse side effects in patients with recurrent head and neck cancer. The trial found that patients on nivolumab survived an average of 7.5 months, compared to 5.1 months for those receiving standard therapy.
A genetic signature related to metabolism has been identified as a predictor of poor patient prognosis in cancer. The discovery could lead to the development of targeted treatments and personalized therapy approaches. Further validation is needed to confirm the link between mitochondrial function and cancer survival.
A new study finds that breast cancer chemotherapy regimens with similar efficacy have significantly varying costs, affecting patients' financial burden. The study highlights the need for accessible information to inform treatment decisions and promote well-informed shared decisions regarding treatment options.
A study in the UK found that the rise in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma incidence was not solely driven by human papillomavirus (HPV) positivity. The proportion of HPV-positive and -negative cases remained static, suggesting multiple factors contribute to OPSCC, including HPV infection, smoking, and alcohol consumption.
A phase I study of BAY 1163877 identified patients who will respond to the pan-FGFR inhibitor based on tumor mRNA expression, with notable activity seen in bladder cancer and adenoid cystic carcinoma. The drug was well-tolerated, revealing a toxicity profile better than other FGFR inhibitors under development.
A nationwide study in France found that the true burden of head and neck cancer is significantly higher than previously estimated. The EPICORL study revealed a five-year survival rate of 34% and a high risk of secondary primary cancers, with distant metastases at diagnosis associated with a six-fold increase in mortality.
Two phase II trials, KEYNOTE-052 and CheckMate 275, demonstrate the efficacy of PD-1 blockade with pembrolizumab and nivolumab in treating metastatic bladder cancer. The trials show a median survival benefit for patients with high PD-L1 expression.
A study by University of Minnesota researchers found that elevated levels of APOBEC3B in breast cancer cells lead to reduced response to tamoxifen therapy. Depletion of the protein accelerates development of resistance, while increased production speeds it up.
A new survey tool, COST, measures a patient's risk for financial stress and ability to tolerate it. The study identified employment status, household income, and psychological distress as key factors contributing to financial toxicity.
Studies suggest that population commitment, physician implication, and reassurance in screening can improve participation rates. A patient-centred approach in Australia improved screening participation by offering a combined cancer screening service. Additionally, nurse-led clinics can provide effective early diagnosis and prevention o...
A pooled analysis of NRG Oncology studies RTOG 0129 and 0522 found that IMRT significantly reduced xerostomia and feeding tube dependency in head and neck cancer patients, especially those with oropharyngeal cancer. However, IMRT was associated with increased acute mucositis and dysphagia.
Researchers found that a particular strain of HPV resulted in better overall survival for patients with oropharyngeal cancer. Patients infected with other strains had similar survival rates as those without HPV.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine have discovered a new role of the protein c-Cbl in degrading ?-catenin, a vital protein involved in cancer initiation. This finding could lead to new strategies to suppress Colorectal Cancer growth and improve patient survival.
A study published in JAMA Oncology found that training oncologists and their patients to have high-quality discussions improves communication and leads to more clinically meaningful conversations. Despite the focused efforts, shared understanding about prognosis was lacking among patients.
Researchers at Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute developed an endoscope using near-infrared light to spot early warning signs of oesophageal cancer. The new technique could be used to monitor people with Barrett's oesophagus and prevent some cases of oesophageal cancer.
A randomized clinical trial found that early palliative care significantly increases a patient's ability to cope with their diagnosis and overall quality of life. Patients who received early palliative care were more likely to use adaptive coping strategies and report higher quality of life compared to those receiving standard care alone.
Researchers identified a unique oscillating pattern of a key cancer gene that may contribute to disease progression and treatment resistance. The study found that simultaneous treatment with chemotherapy and targeted drugs can suppress tumor cell growth in both ER+/HER2- and HER2+ subpopulations.
A new survey shows that nearly one-quarter to one-third of family caregivers experience high levels of depression and anxiety symptoms, with self-care behaviors declining as caregiving time increases. Family caregivers can spend over eight hours per day providing care, which affects their mental health if neglected.
A recent study found that many major cancer centers struggle with accessing palliative and supportive care services for patients. Only 37% of callers were told all seven supportive care services were offered, with some staff unsure about availability or unfamiliar with the term.
A recent study analyzing over 1,200 cancer caregivers in the US found that they report a significantly higher burden and spend more hours per week providing care compared to non-cancer caregivers. This highlights the need for better support systems for these individuals.
Researchers have identified three distinct subtypes of esophageal cancer based on genetic signatures, paving the way for tailored treatments. The study suggests patients with specific weaknesses in their DNA repair pathways or immune systems may benefit from targeted therapies, including PARP inhibitors and immunotherapy drugs.
A study suggests that methylnaltrexone can improve the survival of advanced cancer patients with constipation, indicating a potential target for cancer therapy. The drug works by blocking opioid receptors in the gut, reversing constipation without affecting pain relief.
Researchers have discovered a potential new biomarker that can predict cancer patient prognosis and response to treatment. The biomarker is based on the degree of gene overexpression in genes regulating genome integrity.
A large study published in The BMJ found that patients with cancer have a high risk of unintentional and intentional injuries during the diagnostic process. Injuries range from medical complications to accidents and self-harm, affecting specific types of cancer and patient groups differently.
A new study found that cancer screening guidelines for organ transplant recipients are inconsistent, varying in recommendations for skin and other types of cancer. Researchers highlight the need for more studies to inform guidelines involving transplant patients, oncologists, and cancer specialists.
Researchers have identified AMPK as the central enzyme in cancer cachexia, a condition that results in weight loss due to metabolic complications. A peptide was developed to selectively reactivate AMPK, which has been shown to prevent increased fat breakdown and promote 'healthy' adipose tissue.