Articles tagged with Cancer Patients
Researchers at Ohio State University have discovered a hereditary cancer syndrome that increases risk for uveal melanoma, lung cancer, brain cancer, and possibly other types of cancer due to mutations in the BAP1 gene. The study identifies six families with this syndrome, which can be screened for using a clinical test.
Scientists at Lawson Research Institute are testing stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) to treat cancers that spread beyond the original tumor, offering new hope for survival. The COMET Trial aims to assess SABR's impact on patient survival, side effects, and quality of life.
Researchers developed two new QCancer algorithms to predict patients most likely to have pancreatic and bowel cancer, improving early diagnosis and treatment options. The calculators were successful in predicting 62% of pancreatic cancers and 70% of bowel cancers diagnosed over the following two years.
A study published in Medical Care explores ways to empower patients and transform cancer care systems to improve quality. Researchers propose new approaches, including accountable care and personal health records, to address racial disparities and wasteful overuse.
A new prognostic model developed by researchers at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center has identified three risk groups for patients with treatment-related myelodysplastic syndrome, each with different survival prospects. The model incorporates multiple factors, including age, cytogenetics, and serum hemoglobin levels,...
A new test developed by QUT PhD student Helen McCosker can predict the likelihood of breast cancer growth, dormancy, or spread to other organs. The test analyzes tissue surrounding cancer cells and offers personalized treatment plans for patients.
A study published in JAMA Network found that patients with myotonic muscular dystrophy are at an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer, including endometrial, brain, ovarian, and colon cancer. The study analyzed data from over 1,600 patients and found a significant excess of these cancers compared to the general population.
Research found that people with myotonic muscular dystrophy are at higher risk for developing four specific types of cancer. Additionally, there may be an increased risk for other cancers such as eye, thyroid, pancreas, and female reproductive organs. Patients should prioritize cancer screening, particularly colon cancer screening.
Researchers found that tumors with high microRNA-200c levels are more likely to spread and those with lower levels may benefit from focused local treatment. This discovery could help identify patients who can benefit from aggressive, targeted radiation therapy and move them away from whole-body treatments.
A Phase II clinical trial of 75 AML patients treated with vorinostat and chemotherapy resulted in an 85% remission rate. Higher-risk patients showed a complete response rate of 100%, while those with -5/-7 cytogenetic alterations fared less well. The Phase III trial will compare this combination to standard-of-care frontline therapies.
Researchers sequenced DNA from two sisters with follicular lymphoma and found identical BCL2/IGH rearrangements. The study identified 15 mutations that were present in both lymphomas, indicating a donor-recipient transmission of cancer-causing genetic material.
A University of Rochester Medical Center study found that nearly 78% of cancer-related blood clots occur in outpatients during chemotherapy treatment. The study's findings suggest a shift towards outpatient care and the need for education and compliance to prevent blood clots.
A Phase I/II clinical trial for patients with relapsed or resistant chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) showed impressive potential for PCI-32765, a B cell receptor inhibitor, achieving durable remissions and minimal toxicity. The study demonstrated six-month progression-free survival of 90-92%.
Researchers found that loss of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene (RB) in triple negative breast cancer patients is linked to improved survival rates. This discovery could lead to personalized treatment approaches for these patients.
Studies using echocardiography revealed early signs of myocardial damage and impaired ventricular relaxation in cancer patients treated with trastuzumab. ACE inhibitors and statins were found to deliver cardio protective effects, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
A follow-up study by Moffitt Cancer Center researchers found that patients who received chemotherapy for breast cancer may experience prolonged fatigue years after treatment. This contradicts prior research and has important implications for patient education and fatigue monitoring during follow-up.
Researchers observed oxidative changes in living organisms for the first time, revealing that many assumptions about oxidative stress and aging are incorrect. Antioxidants did not reduce oxidant levels, but rather increased production in energy plants.
The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) has released its annual report on progress against cancer, showcasing the most significant developments in cancer research and policy. The report highlights advances in personalized treatment approaches, early detection, and new drug approvals for various cancers.
A tiny genetic variation in the KRAS oncogene can predict ovarian cancer outcomes and response to treatment, with women carrying the variant being three times more resistant to standard chemotherapy. The biomarker also increases the risk of poor outcomes in other types of cancer.
A University of Michigan pilot study found that identifying a patient's mutational landscape can match them with existing clinical trials based on biomarkers. The study aimed to overcome practical challenges in sequencing genetic material from advanced or treatment-resistant cancer patients.
A study published in CMAJ found that cancer survivors have a 2.2-fold increased risk of developing a second primary cancer of the same type as their first, while a second cancer of a different type has only a 1.1-fold increased risk. The risk varies depending on the type of cancer.
A new treatment combination of radiation therapy and LY2109761 blocks TGF-β signaling pathways, slowing down tumor cell self-renewal and growth. This combination therapy improved outcomes in animal models and has the potential to delay glioblastoma progression in patients.
Researchers found that six out of ten cancers were more common in HIV-infected patients, including Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Earlier antiretroviral therapy may help maintain immune function and reduce cancer risk.
A recent study published in Clinical Cancer Research found that arginine supplementation can reactivate cancer-fighting T-cells in patients with glioblastoma. This is achieved by replenishing the amino acid arginine, which is depleted due to persistent neutrophil activity. The result is an improved immune response against cancer cells.
Mortality rates for patients with oral cavity and pharynx cancer have decreased significantly between 1993 and 2007. The largest declines were observed among black men and women with at least 12 years of education, suggesting that improvements in detection, treatment, and risk factors contribute to these decreases.
Researchers at the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center discovered two cancer-spurring gene rearrangements that may trigger 5 to 7 percent of all breast cancers. These rearrangements, seen in the MAST kinase and Notch family genes, can give scientists targets for potential therapies.
Researchers discovered that the genes AURKA and MYCN were overexpressed in neuroendocrine prostate cancers, leading to the inhibition of tumor growth by PHA-739358. This study provides new hope for treating a highly lethal form of prostate cancer.
A new device developed at the University of Colorado Cancer Center uses gold nanoparticles to detect lung cancer in exhaled breath, distinguishing between small-cell and non-small-cell lung cancer. The device has shown promising results in preliminary studies, with the potential to revolutionize lung cancer screening and diagnosis.
Researchers developed a new genetic screening tool to investigate possible treatments for patients with melanoma and unique genetic mutations. The study found that vemurafenib was most effective in melanomas with the V600E mutation, while vincristine only worked on those without BRAF gene mutations.
Scientists discovered that variant forms of tyrosine can slow tumor growth and prevent metastasis. This finding could lead to a simple and safe type of therapy to manage malignant disease.
Researchers identified ALK amplification in up to 86% of inflammatory breast cancer patients, a potentially targeted therapy approach. Inhibiting ALK with a small-molecule inhibitor resulted in tumor cell death, paving the way for clinical trials.
A new study found that a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor drug, entinostat, can predict clinical benefit in breast cancer patients just days after treatment. The study showed that levels of protein lysine acetylation were related to clinical benefit, with patients who had elevated levels having a reduced risk of disease progression.
A study suggests targeting ALK-1 with PF-03446962 may help patients whose cancer does not respond to existing antiangiogenic therapies. The agent showed partial responses and stable disease in seven out of 44 patients, including those with lung, renal or liver cancer.
Researchers developed a phenotypic screening platform to predict cancer drug success, identifying over 100 lead compounds with antitumor activity. The platform ensures unbiased analysis of complex tumor systems, revealing new interactions relevant for disease treatment.
A recent study found that antifolate drugs may be effective against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with specific mutations in the KRAS gene. The treatment can stop the KRAS gene from being expressed, leading to cancer cell death.
Researchers have identified potential mechanisms to prevent drug-induced skin lesions in BRAF mutation-positive melanoma patients treated with current therapies. Next-generation BRAF inhibitors may also represent a novel single-agent treatment option, avoiding this side effect and extending treatment durability.
Researchers found a significant increase in median survival time for patients with recurrent metastatic non-small cell lung cancer treated with a combination epigenetic therapy. The study, funded by SU2C and the National Cancer Institute, showed four patients achieving major objective responses to subsequent treatments.
A new clinical test called SNaPshot allows doctors to identify patients' individual genotypes and target tumours with the most appropriate therapy. The test has been shown to significantly improve response rates in non-small-cell lung cancer patients.
A recombinant poxviral vaccine has shown positive responses in both metastatic breast cancer and ovarian cancer, with median overall survival ranging from 13.7 months to 15 months. The treatment led to clinical responses in some patients and mild injection-site reactions as the most common side effect.
Almac's innovative test identifies patients who may benefit from chemotherapy, offering a breakthrough in managing stage 2 colon cancer. The technology uses genetic signatures to predict cancer recurrence, providing doctors with a valuable tool to improve patient outcomes.
A new study found that older women with breast cancer are not experiencing the same improvements in treatment and detection as younger women. The study, published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, reveals a discrepancy between age groups when it comes to breast cancer outcomes.
A phase III trial found that concurrent chemo-radiotherapy significantly improved the 5-year overall survival of patients with stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The treatment regimen resulted in higher progression-free and distant metastasis-free survival rates compared to radiation alone.
A potential EBV vaccine could prevent infectious mononucleosis and cancers linked to the virus. Researchers prioritize studying immune responses to vaccination and identifying biological markers for cancer prediction.
Patients aged 60-75 who received the mini-transplant experienced comparable survival rates across three age groups, with increased comorbidities and cancer aggressiveness affecting outcomes. The five-year survival rate was 35% for overall and 32% for disease-progression free
The algorithm identifies high-risk patients for gastro-oesophageal and lung cancers at an earlier stage by analyzing symptoms and risk factors. It shows that the top 10% of predicted patients accounted for 77% of all diagnosed cases over two years.
Researchers found that women related to a patient with a hereditary breast cancer mutation but without the mutation themselves have no increased risk. The study settles a controversy and supports current practice guidelines advising non-carriers on no additional risk attributable to their family-specific BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation.
A new interactive training tool developed by a Duke University researcher has been shown to increase empathic responses from oncologists and improve patient trust. The computer-based tutorial provides feedback on recorded visits with patients, offering an alternative to expensive courses.
A decade-long study found that regular aspirin intake halves the risk of developing hereditary cancers, including bowel and womb cancers. The study involved nearly 1,000 patients and found a 50% reduction in incidences of hereditary cancer among those taking aspirin.
A randomized controlled trial has shown that long-term use of aspirin can reduce colorectal cancer incidence by over 60% in patients at genetically increased risk. The study involved nearly 1,000 patients with Lynch Syndrome and found a significant reduction in cancer incidence after five years of aspirin treatment.
A recent study found that high fluid intake is associated with a 24% reduced risk for bladder cancer among male participants. The association was strongest among younger men and may be due to the flushing out of potential carcinogens by fluids.
Researchers have identified four new 'ZIP codes' in the human blood vessel network that could help fight cancer, obesity and other diseases. These shared addresses were found to be associated with specific receptors and ligands, opening up new avenues for targeted therapies.
Postmenopausal women who used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for at least 10 years had a significantly lower risk of death from colorectal cancer compared to those who did not use these medications. The study found that consistent NSAID use over time was associated with a 30% lower rate of colorectal cancer mortality.
Research found associations between obesity and increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in young adults. Diets high in trans fats and low in vegetables were also linked to a higher risk, while those with high vegetable intake had a lower risk. Obesity was particularly strong in men, who had a 64% higher risk of developing NHL.
Researchers found that an antiparasitic agent used to treat African sleeping sickness may provide long-term protection against nonmelanoma skin cancers. The study, conducted on 209 participants, showed a reduced incidence of skin cancers among those who took the drug for five years compared to those who received a placebo.
Researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute have discovered a new way to model human breast cancer that could lead to predicting which breast cancers will spread. The model was created using tumor tissue grafted into mouse mammary glands and found that it accurately predicted the behavior of human breast cancers.
A phase 2 trial shows that combining standard chemotherapy with a new cancer vaccine enhances treatment effect and slows disease progression in NSCLC patients. The vaccine stimulates an immune response against the MUC1 protein, which is overexpressed in 60% of NSCLCs.
A Mayo Clinic study has found that a baseline PSA test in men aged 40-60 can predict the risk of subsequent and low-risk prostate cancer. The study, which followed over 600 men for prostate outcomes, showed that men with elevated PSA levels were more likely to undergo biopsies and be diagnosed with low-risk cancer.
Researchers have found a biomarker that can rapidly identify severe graft-versus-host disease of the intestine in hematopoietic cell transplant patients with leukemia, lymphoma or other blood disorders. The biomarker, REG3-alpha, helps doctors ensure patients receive appropriate treatment as early as possible.
Andrew J. Dannenberg, M.D., is recognized for his seminal contributions to understanding the inflammation-cancer connection and developing strategies to prevent breast cancer. His work has provided key insights into the role of prostaglandin biology in cancer prevention.
Scientists propose 'Lance Armstrong effect' to overcome resistance in pancreatic and other cancers, with promising results in testicular cancer patients who beat metastatic disease despite low survival rates elsewhere. Researchers explore nanoparticle therapies to target tumors with high temperatures.