Articles tagged with Cancer Screening
Researchers discovered the STAT3 signaling pathway as a potential target for treating H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs), a uniformly lethal central nervous system malignancy. The current standard of care, including palliative radiation and chemotherapy, remains ineffective in this disease.
A recent study compared using health information exchange (HIE) data with patient self-reported data as a means of gathering intelligence on cancer screening uptake. HIE data provided more information about laboratory screening tests, while patient self-reports offered more details about cancer screening procedures.
A multilevel primary care intervention, including electronic health record reminders and patient outreach, improved timely follow-up of overdue abnormal cancer screening test results for breast, cervical, colorectal, and lung cancer. The intervention was found to be effective in reducing missed screenings.
A new blood test called OvaPrint TM detects specific nucleic acids in the blood, distinguishing between cancerous and benign pelvic masses with high accuracy. The test has the potential to improve treatment outcomes by identifying the best surgical approach for patients with a pelvic mass.
A new study found that an alternative model to identify patients with lung cancer eligible for screening was more accurate than the currently used method based on the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) criteria. The PLCOm2012 models had higher sensitivity and identified more people with lung cancer eligible for scree...
The study developed a highly accurate AI model for fully automated cancer detection, including small and difficult-to-detect tumors. The model could detect visually imperceptible cancer from normal-appearing pancreases substantially early before clinical diagnosis, with a median of 438 days.
Researchers found that short-form videos on TikTok can inform and encourage women to get regular pap tests, particularly when created by doctors. The studies also showed that autonomy-supportive messages improved attitude toward the message and engagement intention.
A machine learning model developed by researchers can predict lung cancer risk with an 83.9% sensitivity, identifying those who need screening for the disease. The model uses just three predictors: age, smoking duration, and pack-years of smoking, making it a simplified approach to determine high-risk populations.
Researchers from The University of Queensland and The Alfred hospital in Melbourne have identified gene variants associated with a higher risk of nodular melanoma. The study found that four genes with rare DNA variants were linked to the aggressive subtype, which accounts for most melanoma deaths.
A new poll found that 62% of people aged 50-80 disagree with using life expectancy as a factor in determining cancer screening guidelines. The majority also believes that some older adults should still receive cancer screenings even if guidelines don't recommend them.
A new editorial paper highlights the importance of including older patients in lung cancer clinical trials, where they are often undertreated due to age-related factors. The paper emphasizes the need for increased collaboration among stakeholders to enhance enrollment and retention of older cancer patients.
The report found that new diagnoses of six major cancer types declined sharply in early 2020, coinciding with the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Cancer screenings and other procedures were also significantly reduced, likely due to medical care interruptions.
Clinician staff perspectives on implementing Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) screening in Los Angeles County Pediatric Clinics revealed that screening can elicit important patient information and build trust. However, challenges arise from insufficient time for screening, inadequate training, and limited referral resources.
A new Canadian guideline aims to promote health equity among marginalized groups by providing 16 preventive care recommendations. The guidelines focus on removing barriers to healthcare, prioritizing people from disadvantaged groups, and improving access to essential screenings and interventions.
A qualitative study explores the challenges transgender people face when sharing health information with clinicians, including risk of substandard care. The authors argue that improving medical culture, policies, and data collection tools are necessary to enhance quality and safety of clinical care for transgender individuals.
A scoping review identified four key themes: everyday language, thorough information, adequate discussion time, and a trusting relationship. The study also highlighted the impact of racism on Black men's medical interactions. Researchers suggest strategies to support men's communication preferences.
Researchers have identified 11 genes associated with aggressive prostate cancer, which could lead to more effective treatments and earlier detection. The findings come from a large-scale study of over 17,500 patients and may help personalize care for individuals with the disease.
Researchers have identified new genetic markers to detect Lynch syndrome-associated colorectal cancer with 92% accuracy. The discovery could lead to a non-invasive screening option using stool samples, reducing the need for annual colonoscopies and invasive tests.
Breast milk from breast cancer patients contains tumour DNA that can be detected through liquid biopsy, offering a potential new tool for early diagnosis. The study found that ctDNA was detectable in 13 of 15 breast milk samples collected from breast cancer patients, outperforming detection in blood samples.
Researchers advocate for accessible breast cancer screening services for individuals with disabilities, highlighting physical barriers such as equipment accessibility and fragrance-free policies. They stress the need for social and procedural barriers removal through comprehensive training and resources.
The study found significant reductions in breast cancer screening volume and uptake globally during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis of 26 studies from 13 countries revealed a decline in screening volumes ranging from 13% to 61%, and screening uptake rates varying by up to 43.5%.
A large study found that people with an evening chronotype were more likely to engage in unhealthy lifestyle behaviors such as smoking, poor sleep, and physical inactivity. These individuals had a 72% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with a morning chronotype.
A large-scale international study of childhood cancer survivors found that women who received high-dose doxorubicin chemotherapy without chest radiation have a significantly increased risk of breast cancer before age 40. The researchers are calling for broadening guidelines for breast cancer screening in these patients.
Scientists at Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center have developed a novel HPV test that detects cervical adenocarcinoma and its precursor lesions with high sensitivity. The test assesses methylation levels in cervical tissue samples, offering a more accurate detection method for this common type of cancer.
Researchers found decreased in situ and invasive melanoma diagnoses during the pandemic, which may reflect reduced skin cancer screening. Thick melanomas increased primarily due to a decrease in thin melanomas, rather than an absolute increase in thicker ones.
Researchers found that an AI algorithm comparable to human readers demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in detecting breast cancer. The study utilized a large dataset of mammographic exams and compared the performance of AI with human readers, finding no significant difference between the two.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 18 clinical trials involving 2.1 million individuals found no significant lifetime gain from common cancer screening tests. However, colorectal cancer screening with sigmoidoscopy may have a potential benefit, according to the study.
Researchers have been awarded $600K each to lead projects improving healthcare access for underserved populations, including Black women and rural/minority communities. These projects will use innovative strategies such as at-home blood pressure monitoring and telemedicine-assisted testing to address health disparities.
A new study finds that integrating longitudinal tobacco cessation care into lung cancer screening improves quit rates and enhances the benefits of screenings. Researchers recommend incorporating behavioral treatment and medication into the screening process to help smokers quit.
A Swedish study revealed that including all eleven associated genes in the screening test doubled the proportion of women with genetically confirmed hereditary breast cancer. The study included 4759 individuals and found that around 85% of women investigated for suspected hereditary breast cancer had a genetic abnormality.
A new AI tool predicts certain forms of esophageal and stomach cancer at least three years prior to diagnosis. The K-ECAN tool uses basic EHR data to identify high-risk patients, who may benefit from earlier screening and preventative measures.
A new study estimates that cancer screenings have saved the US at least $6.5 trillion and led to 12 million more years of life, with significant economic impact from breast, colon, cervical, and lung cancer screenings.
A promising molecular diagnostic tool uses a single biomarker to detect primary bladder cancer in patients with hematuria, showing high sensitivity and accuracy. The noninvasive test offers advantages such as shorter turnaround time and efficient analysis of results.
A machine learning model found that background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on breast MRI is an indicator of breast cancer risk in women with extremely dense breasts. Women with dense breasts are at a higher risk of developing breast cancer compared to those with fatty breasts.
A recent study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that continued breast cancer screening after age 70 is associated with a greater incidence of cancer that likely would not have caused symptoms. Researchers estimate up to 47% of breast cancers found among women aged 74-84 were overdiagnosed.
A new study improves the chances of finding the right drug to kill individual cancers in children by incorporating high-throughput drug screening into precision medicine. The approach reveals additional drug sensitivities and predicts clinical response, leading to better treatment options.
Researchers found that age 50+, low education, and health insurance coverage are associated with non-participation. A risk score based on these factors can predict non-participation in the screening process. The study aims to identify women who are less likely to participate in breast cancer screening and encourage their participation.
Researchers at Lund University found AI-supported mammography screening to be safe and effective, detecting 20% more cancers than standard double reading without increasing false positives. The study also reduced radiologists' screen-reading workload by 44%, saving approximately five months of time.
A randomized trial involving over 80,000 Swedish women found AI-supported mammography analysis to be as accurate as two breast radiologists working together in detecting breast cancer. The technology also reduced the screen-reading workload by nearly half without increasing false positives.
The American College of Physicians recommends starting colorectal cancer screening at age 50 for asymptomatic adults with average risk. The guideline aims to balance benefits and harms of screening in this population. Screening in younger adults may not offer significant net benefit due to lower incidence rates.
Researchers at MIT developed a wearable ultrasound device that can detect breast cancer in early stages, reducing the risk of late-stage diagnosis. The device, attached to a bra, allows users to image breast tissue from different angles and is portable, easy to use, and provides real-time monitoring.
A commercial AI tool did not provide additional benefit to mammography with supplementary ultrasound in patients with dense breasts. Mammography with supplementary ultrasound showed higher accuracy, specificity, and lower recall rate compared to AI alone or combined with US.
The Oregon Health & Science University team's free genetic screening program for adults has screened over 13,000 residents since 2018. The study found that 710 participants carried disease-causing variants, highlighting the importance of genetic counseling and expanded gene testing.
Researchers discovered that nine percent of esophageal adenocarcinoma patients harbor cancer-predisposing gene mutations, which may trigger progression from Barrett's esophagus. This finding supports the idea that genetic testing can help risk-stratify EAC patients and potentially accelerate development of new treatments.
A recent study found that increased skin cancer screening is not enough to address racial disparities in melanoma survival rates. Researchers suggest that educating physicians about presentation of melanoma in skin of color and making sure people have access to a dermatologist when they have a suspicious lesion could be more effective.
Researchers developed a new test that measures multiple characteristics of circulating tumour DNA to detect and localize multiple cancer types. The SPOT-MAS approach detected 73% of cancers with 97% accuracy, predicting the tissue of origin with 70% accuracy.
A new study published in Radiology found that AI can use data from low-dose CT scans of the lungs to improve risk prediction for death from various causes. The study used data from over 20,000 individuals and found that body composition measurements derived from lung screening LDCT were strong predictors of mortality.
Research reveals that cancer screening awareness is low among people experiencing homelessness, making it difficult for them to receive timely treatment. The study's findings highlight the need for targeted prevention programs tailored to this underserved group's unique needs.
The July issue of CHEST journal features 49 articles on clinically relevant topics, including disability rights and life-sustaining treatment. The journal offers complementary web resources, such as visual abstracts, to expand the reach of its research.
A team of scientists developed a label-free SERS-Artificial intelligence method for cancer screening, achieving high accuracy and sensitivity in detecting five types of cancers. The technology identifies subtle changes in molecular vibrations that distinguish cancer from healthy samples.
A study finds that additional recommended cervical cancer screenings before birth are associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery. The findings suggest that cervical cancer screening guidelines should consider the downstream implications for preterm delivery risk when weighing population-level costs against benefits.
A new editorial explores the potential of machine learning to enhance early cancer detection in primary care, leveraging extensive patient data and improving risk stratification accuracy. The authors emphasize the need for responsible implementation, collaboration, and validation across diverse populations.
Researchers at MIT have developed a novel sensor that can detect immune molecule CXCL12, which plays a crucial role in several human diseases including cancer. The device uses receptor proteins found in cell membranes, making it a potential tool for early screening of hard-to-diagnose cancers.
A large international database analysis found nearly a quarter of esophageal adenocarcinoma patients had normal endoscopies but were still diagnosed within a year. The study suggests using high-quality equipment, rigorous sampling protocols, and future research on biomarker panels to improve screening effectiveness.
Researchers identified methylation in normal tissues in some patients with mismatch repair deficiency, leading to undiagnosed Lynch syndrome. This study suggests revising current screening guidelines to include this poorly recognized cause of hereditary cancer.
A new study reveals Indigenous men in Canada are more likely to be diagnosed with advanced prostate cancer and experience cancer spread, despite universal healthcare access. Researchers identify key infrastructure changes needed to improve screening and treatment outcomes.
A new study from Aarhus University found that people with mental health issues are less likely to accept offers of colorectal cancer screening. The research showed that those with severe mental disorders had a 13.8 percentage point lower participation rate compared to those without mental illness.
A study by Regenstrief Institute has identified seven risk factors for early onset colorectal cancer in males, providing a framework for clinicians to consider screening recommendations for younger men. The model may help estimate relative risk and identify individuals at higher risk for colorectal cancer.
A new global study published in the leading cancer journal finds that funding for cancer patient navigators improves medical outcomes, increases screening rates, and reduces healthcare costs. Navigators provide personalized care, support patients with diagnosis, treatment options, and relevant medical information.
Researchers found that ChatGPT 4 can accurately identify appropriate imaging services for breast cancer screening and breast pain. The AI model outperformed its predecessor, ChatGPT 3.5, in providing evidence-backed guidelines for radiologists.