Articles tagged with Gastroenterology
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Research on foregut duplication cysts of the stomach reveals two cases with a pseudostratified respiratory epithelium, suggesting an origin from the respiratory diverticulum. This study's findings could lead to early diagnosis or prevention by better understanding the embryogenesis of these lesions.
A study published in World Journal of Gastroenterology found that hemolysis leads to decreased intestinal microcirculatory blood flow, causing intestinal damage. Elevated circulating cell-free oxyhemoglobin levels resulted in a strong correlation with intestinal injury.
A study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology investigated the seroprevalence of Hepatitis A virus (HAV) antibodies among patients with chronic viral liver disease in South Korea. The study found that most patients above 40 years old have already been exposed to HAV, highlighting the need for vaccination against HAV.
Researchers found that hydrolyzed wheat flour baked goods are not toxic to celiac disease patients, with some even developing subtotal atrophy without clinical complaints. The study suggests further research on therapies to reduce gluten toxicity beyond the standard gluten-free diet.
A study found that combined treatments for severe acute pancreatitis are safe and effective in managing the disease, resulting in shorter hospitalizations and fewer radiological procedures. Primary conservative treatment also showed promise in avoiding surgery and improving patient outcomes.
A study published in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology found that IBD patients with hospital-acquired infections experience increased mortality and prolonged hospital stays. The majority of infections among hospitalized IBD patients are health-care associated, with severe liver disease patients being at highest risk.
Researchers discovered that a new endoscopic technique called retroflexion can significantly increase polyp detection rates in the right colon, particularly among men and older patients. This breakthrough could lead to improved cancer prevention and better patient outcomes through more accurate colonoscopy exams.
The American College of Gastroenterology's 75th Annual Scientific Meeting featured groundbreaking research on C. difficile, colorectal cancer, obesity, and inflammatory bowel disease, providing new insights into prevention, treatment, and management strategies.
A new study found that fructose intolerance is common in children with recurrent or functional abdominal pain, affecting 53.9% of patients. A low-fructose diet was effective in resolving symptoms in 67.7% of patients, highlighting the importance of identifying and managing this condition.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have successfully treated eosinophilic esophagitis using fluticasone nasal spray, clearing the condition in 68% of participants. However, symptoms persisted despite treatment, suggesting confounding factors such as questionnaire limitations.
A new study suggests that investing in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs targeting the pre-Medicare population could lead to significant cost savings. The research found that increased CRC screening led to lower treatment costs for individuals aged 50 and over, which would be recouped after they transitioned to Medicare at age...
A new study published in Gastroenterology has found that type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin use are associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer among men. The association was not observed in women, suggesting a gender disparity in the link between these conditions.
A new study investigates the temporal relationship between cough and reflux using a validated sound recording device. The study found that 70% of patients exhibited temporal associations, with cough preceding reflux in 48% of cases.
Researchers developed a new interventional technique using stent-grafts to control massive bleeding from the hepatic artery after pancreaticoduodenectomy, demonstrating lower mortality rates than conventional surgical intervention. The procedure is considered a valuable alternative for patients with non-portal vein anatomy.
A retrospective review study found that capecitabine with concurrent radiation was as effective as traditional 5-FU with radiation or fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy alone in treating locally advanced gastric cancer. The results suggest a potential new adjuvant therapy approach for resected gastric cancers.
Researchers found that both nasogastric and nasointestinal feeding approaches were feasible, safe, and effective in most patients with severe acute pancreatitis. This study suggests that nasogastric feeding may be a viable option for enteral nutrition in these patients.
A new study found that adherence to practice guidelines reduces bleeding in cirrhosis patients, with 82% of those without bleeding receiving their screening EGD within six months. Patients who did not bleed were more likely to have received their screening EGD within the six-month window compared to those who bled.
Biologists at TUM have discovered mini-inflammations in the gut mucosa that upset the balance of the bowel and cause IBS symptoms. The team's research suggests that treating IBS with antihistamines may improve symptoms by normalizing nerve activity. Successful identification of physical causes could lead to effective treatments for IBS.
Two studies found that infliximab and certolizumab pegol can effectively maintain remission of Crohn's disease for up to 18 months. Continuous therapy was more effective than interrupted therapy in preventing disease recurrence. Lower doses of infliximab also showed promise in maintaining intestinal mucosa integrity.
Research reveals GPC3's association with MMPs and growth signaling molecules in HCC, indicating its potential role in cancer progression. Overexpression of GPC3 is correlated with altered expressions of various MMPs and growth signaling molecules, suggesting its involvement in tumor development.
Researchers found that CD74 is expressed on colon epithelial cells, increasing their survival upon MIF stimulation. Stimulation of CD74 led to Akt phophorylation and Bcl-2 expression, resulting in elevated cell survival. This discovery may open a new target for colorectal cancer research.
Researchers found that albumin and serum protein parameters are less sensitive than anthropometric measurements for evaluating nutritional status in gastric cancer patients. However, a good correlation was observed between scoring nutritional assessment tools and other general nutritional measurement tools six months after surgery.
Researchers developed functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate pancreatic cancer models, using diffusion-weighted and transcatheter intraarterial perfusion MRI to differentiate living from dead cells. This non-invasive method may replace invasive techniques like biopsy or necropsy for assessing therapeutic efficacy.
Research found that proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a risk factor for Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) recurrence. The study, published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology, identified age, low serum albumin levels, and PPI use as risk factors for CDAD recurrence.
A new trend in managing benign biliary strictures is emerging with the use of a removable covered SEMS. The stent, made of nitinol wire, imparts an outward radial force on the biliary duct to establish patency and has a radio-opaque string for easy retrieval.
Researchers successfully isolated bone marrow-derived MSCs that could differentiate into hepatocytes induced by VPA and well-defined cytokines. The study found that VPA-mediated facilitation of hepatic differentiation was regulated by FGF and HGF receptors, among other factors.
A case report describes a rare instance of vanishing bile duct syndrome (VBDS) secondary to nevirapine use in an HIV-positive pregnant female. The patient experienced liver dysfunction, jaundice, and itching after starting triple-drug therapy with nevirapine. Liver biopsy revealed cholestatic hepatitis, leading to severe ductopenia and...
Researchers discovered galangin induces apoptosis in HCC cells through a mitochondrial pathway, modulating key proteins. The study suggests galangin may be a future treatment option for HCC, offering new hope for patients with this challenging cancer.
A new study published in Gastroenterology highlights the risk of hepatitis B and C virus transmission through contaminated anesthesia. Reuse of syringes and medication vials without proper sterilization can lead to viral transmission, emphasizing the need for strict adherence to sterile techniques in healthcare settings.
Researchers used functional MRI to measure tumor activity during chemoembolization, finding that changes in ADC values can predict anatomical tumor response. Early knowledge of HCC response is crucial for determining treatment success and patient prognosis.
A new diagnostic standard based on serology alone could eliminate the need for intestinal biopsy in diagnosing celiac disease. The study finds that combinations of two serology tests can accurately diagnose or rule out the disorder in over 92% of individuals.
A recent study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology found that stapled transanal rectal resection (STARR) is a safe and beneficial surgical procedure for patients with obstructed defecation syndrome. The procedure significantly improved symptoms of constipation, quality of life, and patient satisfaction.
A case report describes a rare instance of intrahepatic clear cell cholangiocarcinoma, highlighting its distinct characteristics and low risk of metastasis. The cancer's unique cell structure and lack of mucin production set it apart from conventional HCCs.
A study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology found that patients with the X+ allele of the APOB gene have a higher incidence of gallstone formation after radical gastrectomy. This is due to increased levels of TC and LDL, leading to bile cholesterol saturation and an increased risk of gallstones.
Researchers investigated the potential therapeutic effects of local anesthetics on experimental inflammatory bowel disease in rats. They found some improvement in macroscopic inflammation at the application site, but not supported by microscopic findings.
Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in peritoneal dialysis patients, with a history of corticosteroid therapy and daily pill intake positively correlated to GI symptoms. Residual renal function is negatively correlated to GI symptoms, suggesting its role in predicting complications.
Researchers discover that toll-like receptors (TLRs) such as TLR4 are overexpressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), promoting tumor progression. The study also found a positive correlation between TLR4 and HIF-1α expression, suggesting TLR4 as a potential marker for PDAC progression.
A study found that standard CRP tests are not informative enough for pediatric IBD patients, while hs-CRP detects low levels of CRP and correlates with ileal inflammation. However, hs-CRP did not help distinguish between active intestinal inflammation and quiescent disease or response to treatment.
A study led by Dr. Sohn DK demonstrated the safety of endoscopic piecemeal resection (EPMR) for large sessile colorectal polyps. The research showed low relapse rates in patients with benign polyps after EPMR, but higher recurrence rates in malignant lesions. The authors suggest that complete removal of cancer cells is crucial to preve...
Segmental duodenectomy (SD) is a reliable and curative option for most duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumors, offering long-term disease-free survival. In contrast, pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) remains a good alternative for tumors in the vicinity of the pancreas.
A CXCR4 antagonist, AMD3100, decreases epithelial apoptosis and gut permeability in experimental colitis, enhancing epithelial barrier function. This study suggests a pivotal role of the CXCL12/CXCR4 chemokine axis in ulcerative colitis pathogenesis.
Researchers found significant correlation between shear wave velocity and histological fibrous stages in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. This technology allows for longitudinal evaluation of liver rigidity at multiple sites, potentially useful for fibrous staging and prognostic indicator.
A study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology revealed endoscopic findings of CMV gastritis in seven patients after allo-SCT, with oozing, erosion, and redness more frequently documented in these cases. The researchers suggest using erosion and oozing as early markers for CMV gastritis diagnosis.
A new study suggests that targeted surveillance colonoscopy is cost-effective and effective in reducing colorectal cancer burden. The study recommends a 3/10 strategy of colonoscopy every three years for high-risk patients, which is more effective than no surveillance but slightly more costly.
A nationwide study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology found that diarrhea is a relatively uncommon but insidious condition underlying various illnesses in neonates. The study highlights the importance of recognizing rare chronic cases and advocating specific guidelines for managing diarrheal disorders in neonates.
A rare case of a huge, extraperitoneal, and highly vascularized pelvic-abdominal mass with rapid recurrence was documented in a 14-year-old boy. The study highlights the importance of considering inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) in the differential diagnosis of large central necrosis and prominent peritumoral vascularity.
Research found that blueberries reduced liver damage and inflammation in laboratory animals with hepatic fibrosis. The study suggested that consuming blueberries may be beneficial for people with liver diseases, including fibrosis.
A randomized clinical study published in World Journal of Gastroenterology found that Viusid reduces lipid peroxidation products and has immunomodulatory effects on cytokine secretion. The study suggests Viusid as a potential strategy for treating patients with chronic hepatitis C who have failed previous antiviral treatment.
Hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT) is a significant complication of adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation. Researchers report successful use of running sutures with intimal eversion to reduce HAT incidence. Atraumatic microsurgical techniques and careful stoma sizing also contribute to graft survival.
A rare case of intrahepatic clear cell cholangiocarcinoma was reported in a Japanese man with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The cancer cells were larger than usual and lacked mucin, differing from conventional ICC cases.
Researchers found some improvement in macroscopic inflammation with local anesthetics, but microscopic findings did not support these results. Local anesthetics may have potential therapeutic effects on inflammatory bowel disease based on their ability to reduce neuronal activity and subsequent inflammation.
Researchers found STARR to be a safe procedure for managing ODS, with 90% of patients experiencing symptom improvement. The study also showed excellent, good, or fair outcomes in 65 out of 75 patients at 12-month follow-up.
A study published in World Journal of Gastroenterology found a significant link between gallstone formation after radical gastrectomy and the X+ allele of the APOB gene. Patients with this allele had higher levels of TC and LDL, leading to increased saturation of bile cholesterol and gallstone formation.
Researchers found eGFR to be equally valuable as Ccr for assessing preoperative renal function in gastric cancer patients, with significant correlations between postoperative sCr and both eGFR and Ccr. The study suggests eGFR may replace Ccr in clinical practice due to its clear advantages.
A study found that three commonly used symptom-reflux association analysis (SAA) parameters often disagree on diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in infants. The results show a significant discrepancy between the parameters, highlighting the need for a combination of diagnostic methods to accurately diagnose GERD in infants.
A recent study found that reducing niacin intake can lead to improved glucose metabolism and reduced appetite in individuals with obesity. The research team also discovered a significant correlation between increased per capita niacin consumption and rising obesity rates among US children and adolescents.
Researchers used NBI to visualize mucosal angiogenesis in IBD patients and found abnormal microvascular changes not seen with white light colonoscopy. This technology may aid in assessing mucosal angiogenesis and could be beneficial for IBD treatment.
A case report highlights the diagnostic significance of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for duodenocaval fistula (DCF). Noninvasive CT and MRI are suggested as a first-line investigation for diagnosis, improving patient outcomes.
A study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology investigated the effectiveness, safety, and outcomes of two popular esophageal metal stents: Ultraflex and Choostent. The results showed that both types of stents provided good palliation of dysphagia in patients with inoperable esophageal carcinoma.
Researchers evaluated MARS treatment's cost-utility and health-related quality of life in 90 ALF patients. The study found improved HRQoL and reduced healthcare costs after MARS treatment, indicating a potential cost-effective option for ALF patients.