Articles tagged with Insulin
Researchers at Harvard have developed an oral delivery method that can effectively deliver insulin to the bloodstream, overcoming the major obstacles of protein degradation and absorption. The innovative formulation uses an ionic liquid comprised of choline and geranic acid, which is released in a controlled manner once ingested.
A new oral insulin formulation based on ionic liquids has been successfully developed, showing stability at room temperature and under refrigeration. The formulation significantly reduces blood glucose levels in rats, with up to 45% decrease observed after oral delivery.
A study published in Diabetes Care found that the rapid decline in insulin production associated with Type 1 diabetes follows a two-phase pattern: an initial exponential fall and a subsequent stable phase. This discovery suggests that people with Type 1 diabetes may retain some working beta-cells for seven years after diagnosis.
A recent study found that infants with diabetes can maintain excellent blood glucose control for up to ten years using sulfonylurea tablets, offering a promising alternative to insulin injections. The treatment has been shown to be safe and effective in children worldwide.
A 20-year longitudinal study found clear predictors of rising A1C levels in young persons with type 1 diabetes, including sex and weight status. Insulin dose data and glycemic control were assessed over time to identify clinical factors associated with glycemic changes.
A decade-long study has shown that sulphonylurea tablets are a safe and effective treatment option for babies with neonatal diabetes, providing excellent blood sugar control over the long-term. The treatment has been hailed as a 'miracle cure' by patients and their families, offering improved quality of life.
Researchers found that obese children who consume at least two servings of cow's milk daily have better blood sugar control and lower fasting insulin levels. In contrast, those consuming less than recommended amounts had higher insulin levels, indicating increased risk of metabolic syndrome.
New research finds that obese children who drink at least two cups of low-fat milk daily have lower fasting insulin levels and better blood sugar control. The study's authors recommend encouraging children with obesity to consume the recommended amount of milk to protect against metabolic syndrome.
Fasting every other day impairs insulin function, leading to potential long-term health risks, including type-2 diabetes. This study found that even in normal-weight rats, intermittent fasting diets can cause damage to the pancreas and increase insulin resistance.
Researchers have developed a new method for synthesizing insulin using self-assembly of polypeptide chains, achieving a 40% efficiency rate. This approach enables the production of customized insulin compounds without relying on genetic engineering, which could lead to the development of novel insulin preparations.
Researchers at Oregon State University have developed transparent transistors that can be fabricated onto curved surfaces, paving the way for improved diabetes therapy. This innovation is a key step towards creating an artificial pancreas, which can detect blood sugar levels and transmit information to a wearable insulin pump.
Diabetes UK has committed £2.6 million to 19 new research projects investigating medieval remedies for foot ulcers, sleep disturbances as a predictor of Type 2 diabetes, and other forms of diabetes. The funding aims to reduce amputations, sepsis cases, and improve treatment options.
Researchers discovered that Stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) secreted from adipocytes reduces insulin effectiveness and glucose uptake in cells. In SDF-1 knockout mice, insulin-induced glucose uptake increased and insulin efficacy improved.
A new implantable device could help insulin-producing cells live longer after transplant and improve treatment of type 1 diabetes. The device, developed by MIT researchers, supplies oxygen to transplanted islet cells, allowing them to remain viable for several months and maintain normal blood glucose levels.
A phase I clinical trial enrolls adults with type 1 or 2 diabetes to test the accuracy of a non-invasive tattoo sensor that measures glucose levels through sweat. The technology has the potential to break down barriers to regular blood glucose monitoring, improving patient management and quality of life.
A review of 41 trials involving over 1000 people with type 1 diabetes found that artificial pancreas systems provided almost two and a half extra hours of normal blood glucose levels per day. The treatment also reduced time spent in both hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemia compared to other types of insulin-based therapy.
A new study by The Endocrine Society shows that an insulin pump system can improve glycemic outcomes in children with type 1 diabetes starting from age 7. The MiniMed 670G system also demonstrates effectiveness in adults and adolescents, leading to significant improvements in time spent within target glucose ranges and reduced A1c levels.
Researchers created a biomaterial that can be seeded with insulin-producing beta cells, reversing diabetes in a mouse model. The study found normalized glucose levels and increased survival in treated mice, without triggering an immune response.
A new study from Israel found that a diet with three meals per day, including a high-energy breakfast, promotes weight loss and improves diabetes control in obese type 2 diabetes patients. The study showed significant reductions in glucose levels, insulin dosage, and hunger.
Scientists have identified progenitor cells within the human pancreas that can be stimulated to develop into glucose-responsive beta cells. These findings open the door to developing regenerative cell therapies for those living with type 1 diabetes.
A Stanford University School of Medicine study found that cutting carbs or fats results in similar weight loss, with no association between individual biological factors and diet success. Participants followed either a low-fat or low-carb diet for one year, showing that the fundamental strategy for losing weight is to eat whole foods.
Researchers from Helmholtz Munich successfully visualize insulin receptor activation for the first time, revealing a structural change that propagates across the plasma membrane to initiate signaling cascades. This breakthrough sheds new light on insulin's biological actions and has implications for understanding diabetes and cancer.
A peptide called catestatin has been shown to improve glucose and insulin tolerance and reduce body weight in obese mice. CST treatment also inhibited liver inflammation and reduced fatty liver.
A study by Uppsala University researchers reveals that a vesicle attachment defect is the root cause of insulin secretion problems in type-2 diabetes. The defect leads to slowed arrival of new insulin-containing vesicles at the cell membrane, resulting in insufficient insulin release.
A comprehensive data analysis found no significant effect of 100% fruit juice on fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, or glycemic control. The study supports previous research indicating that 100% fruit juice is not linked to an increased risk of Type 2 Diabetes.
A study at Queen Mary University of London reveals a new gene, MAFA, that affects insulin-producing cells, leading to rare genetic forms of diabetes and insulinomas. The research found that the same gene defect can cause both high and low blood sugar levels in the same family.
A new nationwide clinical trial aims to make managing type 1 diabetes easier for patients using the world's first hybrid closed-loop system automated insulin delivery device. The trial, funded by Medtronic, will monitor blood glucose levels and adjust insulin doses continuously to help patients maintain stable blood sugar levels.
Researchers from Ural Federal University and Russian Academy of Sciences developed new methods to treat type 1 diabetes by using anti-diabetic chemical compounds. The study showed that these compounds can help reduce glucose levels and increase insulin production in lab rats with diabetes.
Research published in the Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology found that over 40% of type 1 diabetes cases occur after age 30, and many adults are initially misdiagnosed with type 2. Type 1 diabetes requires insulin treatment to control blood sugar levels, while type 2 can often be managed with diet and medication.
A daily insulin pill did not slow down or prevent type 1 diabetes development among individuals with a higher risk of developing the disease. The trial involved 560 participants who received either oral insulin or a placebo, and found that time to diagnosis was not significantly different between groups.
Scientists at University of Basel find feedback mechanism to maintain insulin production in overweight patients, using ILC2 immune cells and retinoic acid. The study highlights the complex interactions between endocrine and immune cells in regulating insulin release.
Experts developed a streamlined approach to using Dexcom G5 Mobile Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM) trend arrow data. The new tool helps individuals with diabetes adjust insulin doses more accurately, reducing dangerous fluctuations and long-term complications.
Researchers found that inhibiting microRNA-204 could lead to better treatment of diabetes by regulating the cell surface receptor GLP1R. This could result in lower-drug doses and reduced dose-dependent side effects. The study suggests a novel approach to targeting beta-cell function and improving glucose control.
A recent study from UC Davis researchers refutes the use of an anti-malaria drug to create new insulin-producing cells for Type 1 diabetes treatment. The findings highlight the crucial need for reproducibility in scientific research, contradicting a previous report that sparked excitement in the field.
Artificial beta cells mimic the body's natural glucose-controllers and can be subcutaneously inserted into patients or delivered via a painless skin patch. In lab experiments and animal models, they demonstrated rapid responsiveness to excess glucose levels and normalized blood glucose levels in diabetic mice.
Scientists at Columbia University Irving Medical Center have identified several compounds that selectively inhibit FOXO1, improving insulin sensitivity and reducing glucose production in the liver. These findings offer a promising approach to developing new, safer treatments for diabetes.
A new study reveals that up to 97.3% of people with pancreatic disease are misdiagnosed with Type 2 diabetes, instead of the correct condition, Type 3c diabetes. This can lead to delayed treatment and devastating long-term effects for patients.
Researchers developed an engineered protein therapy based on the GDF15 molecule to treat obesity. The treatment successfully lowered body weights, insulin levels, and cholesterol in obese mice, rats, and primates.
A study published in JAMA found that insulin pump therapy among young patients with type 1 diabetes was associated with lower rates of severe hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis compared to traditional injections. This innovative treatment approach offers improved clinical outcomes for this vulnerable population.
The new model predicts how glucose-responsive insulin (GRI) will affect patients' blood sugar levels based on chemical traits. The MIT team identified several strong GRI candidates and plans to test them in animals.
A new study reveals that insulin is essential for preserving pluripotent stem cells' ability to become any cell type. Insufficient insulin leads to a specialized endoderm cell type, similar to early embryonic cells, suggesting potential importance in human development and pregnancy.
A Chinese study found very low rates of blood glucose monitoring among nearly 19,000 patients with type 2 diabetes before and after initiating basal insulin treatment. The data showed an increase in mean SMBG frequency after 6 months, but the percentage of patients who never monitored their blood glucose remained high.
Congenital hyperinsulinism is caused by a genetic mutation that leads to permanent activation of the GDH protein, resulting in excessive insulin production. This triggers chronic hypoglycaemia, brain damage, and intellectual retardation. A new study may pave the way for novel therapies, including a drug that inhibits the GDH accelerator.
A global study of over 800 patients with Type 1 diabetes found that dapagliflozin, a Type 2 diabetes medicine, significantly improved blood sugar levels. The results demonstrate the drug's efficacy as an adjunct therapy to insulin, reducing A1C levels by more than 0.5% without severe hypoglycemia.
New research reveals 30% of type 2 diabetic patients don't begin insulin when initially recommended, with a 2-year average delay. This delay leads to worsening disease progression and increased risk factors.
A low-calorie diet has been shown to reverse Type 2 diabetes by reducing liver and pancreatic fat content, allowing insulin production to resume. The reversal of diabetes remains possible for up to 10 years after onset with sustained weight loss.
A University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus study finds sotagliflozin helps control glucose and reduces the need for insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes. Patients experienced a lower rate of confirmed severe hypoglycemia than observed in patients on placebo and also had weight loss.
Researchers discovered that epicatechin monomers in cocoa enhance beta cells' ability to secrete insulin, improving blood glucose control. The study suggests these compounds could potentially delay or prevent type 2 diabetes onset in patients.
A new study suggests that High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) is an efficient way to combat high insulin resistance, a warning sign for diabetes. HIIT improved blood pressure and glucose levels in women at risk of type 2 diabetes, with the greatest benefits seen in those with higher insulin resistance.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have developed a new measurement for the volume and activity of beta cells, which are responsible for producing insulin. The new test uses PET scanning to detect minute levels of a radioactive chemical in the mouse pancreas, providing a more accurate assessment of insulin production.
A phase 3 trial found that biosimilar insulin lispro (SAR342434) has comparable efficacy and safety to Humalog in adults with type 1 diabetes. The study's findings support the use of biosimilars as a cost-effective alternative for insulin treatment.
A study published in The FASEB Journal discovered that a commonly known protein complex can stimulate insulin secretion in pancreatic cells. This finding provides insights into new treatments for conditions where the body produces insufficient insulin, such as diabetes.
Researchers found Epac2A controls insulin release amount and timing at cell membrane sites. Patients with type 2 diabetes have lower Epac2A levels, suggesting a link to reduced insulin secretion.
Two studies found that insulin degludec reduced hypoglycemic episodes and severe hypoglycemia in patients with Type 1 or 2 diabetes, compared to insulin glargine U100. The trials involved over 800 adults and had mixed results.
Researchers found that intranasal insulin improves functional connectivity in brain regions involved in cognitive processes and appetite regulation. The study suggests that insulin in the brain may help regulate eating behavior and facilitate weight loss by suppressing the relationship between adiposity and hunger sensation.
A recent study published in Diabetes Care found that almost half of patients with type 1 diabetes for over ten years still produce some insulin. Higher levels of interleukin-35 were detected in these patients, suggesting a link between this protein and the regeneration of remaining insulin-producing cells.
A randomized trial found that self-monitoring of blood glucose levels in patients with non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes did not improve glycemic control or health-related quality of life after one year. The study suggested that SMBG should not be routine for most patients, contradicting existing practice.
A large pragmatic trial found that checking finger-stick blood sugars did not offer significant advantages in blood sugar control or quality of life for non-insulin treated type 2 diabetes patients. The study suggests that the costs of home blood glucose monitoring may outweigh its benefits for this population.
Researchers discovered that a small group of hypothalamus neurons, called POMC, modulate the amount of insulin produced by the pancreas. The study reveals new molecular mechanisms involved in this connection and highlights the importance of mitochondrial dynamics in glucose sensing and insulin release control.
Fatty acid esters disrupt insulin synthesis and lead to beta cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. High-resolution mass spectrometry imaging reveals an imbalance in insulin production and secretion, affecting the function of pancreatic islets.