Articles tagged with Insulin
A collection of 27 papers has been compiled to better understand the pathophysiology of endocrinopathic laminitis in horses. The research highlights the key role of insulin dysregulation and equine metabolic syndrome in driving the condition.
Researchers have shown that human cells can differentiate into different cell types, changing their original function. This breakthrough may lead to new treatments for diabetes by influencing glucagon-producing cells in the pancreas to produce insulin instead.
Researchers at UNIGE show that human pancreatic cells can be converted to produce insulin in a sustainable way, potentially compensating for lost or dysfunctional cells. The conversion was successful in both diabetic and non-diabetic donors, with modified alpha cells showing improved resistance to autoimmune diabetes.
Researchers have made significant progress with UVA's artificial pancreas, a device that automates blood-sugar level monitoring and insulin injection. The International Diabetes Closed Loop Trial has provided early results from its nationwide clinical trial, examining the algorithm's use in smartphone apps and embedded devices.
A large clinical study found that intensive glucose management after stroke did not improve functional outcomes and increased the risk of low blood sugar. The results provide a clear answer to the long-held debate on blood sugar control after stroke.
A new capsule has been developed to deliver oral doses of insulin, potentially replacing injections for people with type 2 diabetes. The capsule contains a small needle that releases insulin in the stomach, and its design allows it to orient itself to ensure contact with the stomach lining.
Researchers have created an oral formulation of insulin using a pill-sized device that can deliver a microinjection from within the stomach. The device, called SOMA, uses a spring and sugar disc to trigger the injection, and has shown promising results in animal trials with a marked decrease in blood glucose levels.
A new ingestible device, inspired by a tortoise's shell, can inject drugs through the stomach wall, overcoming challenges of oral delivery. The device has been shown to achieve similar insulin plasma levels as traditional subcutaneous injections in animal studies.
A multicenter trial of 1,151 patients found that IV insulin intensive glucose control did not improve functional outcomes at 90 days compared to standard subcutaneous insulin injections. Intense glucose therapy also increased the risk of hypoglycemia and required more resources.
Researchers found that bariatric surgery triggers the release of higher levels of gut hormones, particularly GLP-1, leading to increased insulin production and improved glucose control. The study suggests a new mechanism for weight loss and diabetes management after surgery.
Researchers at the Diabetes Research Institute have successfully transplanted islets into the eye of experimental recipients, achieving long-term immunosuppression-free survival. This approach also shows promise for inducing peripheral immune tolerance, allowing for reduced or eliminated anti-rejection therapy.
Researchers found a small increase of 0.14 percent in hemoglobin A1c levels after switching from analogue to human insulin, which falls within expected biological variation. The switch was not associated with serious hypoglycemic or hyperglycemic events and improved economic outcomes for patients.
The discovery of glucose-regulated protein GRP94 as a chaperone assisting proinsulin folding has significant implications for understanding insulin production. Removing GRP94 from beta cells impaired insulin secretion, suggesting its specialized function in maintaining cellular response to misfolded proinsulin.
A recent study found that insulin deprivation in mice resulted in decreased ATP production in brain regions critical for memory, similar to previous findings in skeletal muscle. Intranasal insulin treatment reversed this decline, suggesting insulin's role in maintaining brain mitochondrial function.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine have developed a new method for producing insulin-producing beta cells from human stem cells, which are more responsive to fluctuating glucose levels. The resulting cells were transplanted into diabetic mice and effectively controlled blood sugar for several months.
A study from the University of Pittsburgh found that rising drug costs are driven by both new and existing medications. While new drugs contribute to price increases, existing products explain most of the cost rises, particularly for brand-name drugs with multiple patents preventing competition.
Scientists at the University of Bergen found that glucagon-producing cells in the pancreas can change identity and adapt to produce insulin for damaged or missing cells. This discovery may lead to new treatments where the body produces its own insulin with minimal assistance.
A Northwestern Medicine study found that sulfonylureas and basal insulin increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, and amputation in patients with Type 2 diabetes. The study suggests a paradigm shift in treatment, recommending newer diabetes medications with more favorable cardiovascular profiles.
Researchers have discovered a new therapeutic avenue for treating type 2 diabetes by targeting the interaction between hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and a transcription factor responsible for fatty acid synthesis. Decreasing HSL expression leads to improved insulin sensitivity, which may help prevent or manage the disease.
Scientists from the Diabetes Research Institute renewed their original theory that pancreatic progenitor cells exist and can regenerate in humans. The study's findings could potentially address a major challenge in type 1 diabetes by regrowing patients' own insulin-producing cells.
A small survey of patients with diabetes found that 1 in 4 reported underusing insulin due to cost concerns. Poor glycemic control was a common result of this underuse. The study emphasizes the importance of making insulin more affordable.
One in four patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes have reported using less insulin than prescribed due to high costs. This underuse of insulin is often accompanied by poor glycemic control and difficulty affording other diabetes management equipment.
Research finds that socio-economic conditions in regions affect T1 diabetes treatment, with disadvantaged areas having higher blood glucose levels, lower use of pump therapy and CGMS, and better outcomes for severe hypoglycemia. Frequent use of pump therapy and CGMS could improve treatment outcomes in these regions.
A global study predicts a 20% increase in insulin use by 2030 due to rising type 2 diabetes cases. Without improved access, nearly half of the 79 million adults with type 2 diabetes will not receive insulin.
Scientists from the University of Bristol have designed a new synthetic glucose binding molecule platform that brings us closer to developing the world's first glucose-responsive insulin. This innovation could eliminate hypoglycemia and provide better metabolic control for people living with diabetes.
A new streamlined method by the Endocrine Society helps people with diabetes use CGM data to refine insulin doses and improve blood glucose control. The approach, based on trend arrows in Abbott FreeStyle Libre systems, provides simplified calculations for users.
A recent pilot study by kinesiologists at UMass Amherst found that pedaling while working improved insulin responses to a test meal, with lower insulin levels observed when using a pedal desk compared to a standard desk. The study suggests that pedal desks could be a feasible solution for sedentary work environments.
Eating daily servings of nuts has been associated with lower risk of weight gain and obesity, as well as improved glucose and insulin responses. A one-ounce serving of nuts or peanut butter can be substituted for less healthy foods to prevent slow weight gain over time.
Researchers at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute have produced the first definitive 3D image of how insulin binds to its receptor on the surface of cells. This image could inform the design of faster-acting and longer-lasting insulin therapies, potentially benefiting millions worldwide.
Researchers at UNIGE discovered that α and δ cells can take over insulin production when β cells are damaged, leading to a phenomenon of cell plasticity. This finding opens the door to new treatments by harnessing the body's regenerative capacities.
A new study found that 21% of individuals with insulin-treated diabetes diagnosed after age 30 have severe insulin deficiency, characteristic of late-onset type 1 diabetes. These patients often experience delays in diagnosis and treatment due to misdiagnosis as type 2 diabetes.
Researchers found that 79% of insulin temperature logs contained deviations from the recommended range, with fridge storage being the biggest issue. This can lead to reduced potency and variability in dosing for people with diabetes, highlighting the need for proper storage and monitoring practices.
A new hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery system was compared to sensor-augmented pump therapy for blood sugar control in patients with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes. The study found that the hybrid closed-loop system achieved significantly better glucose control and reduced the risk of hypoglycaemia.
Researchers at DTU Bioengineering have developed a high-tech antivenom against black mamba venom using human antibodies, which can potentially save thousands of lives annually. The breakthrough antivenom uses a biotechnological method to discover human antibodies, allowing for large-scale production and industrial use.
Researchers found significant reductions in mean glucose and other glycemic factors when adding dapagliflozin to metformin or insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes. Greater improvements were seen in patients taking metformin compared to insulin.
Leukemia undercuts normal cells' ability to consume glucose, leading to a diabetic-like condition that favors cancer growth. Researchers have identified key strategies, including manipulating insulin production and gut bacteria, which can be targeted with low-tech therapies like serotonin supplementation.
QUT researchers have discovered a drug that prevents laminitis in ponies with equine metabolic syndrome. The drug, velagliflozin, works by causing the kidneys to excrete more glucose in the urine, taking pressure off the pancreas and lowering insulin levels.
A new study finds that injecting insulin into the rectum can effectively treat chronic bowel inflammation in humans like Colitis Ulcerosa. The treatment strengthens bowel cells' own defence, reducing inflammation and improving symptoms such as weight loss and bloody diarrhoea.
A new study from the University of Iowa found that 8.5% of American adults have been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, while 0.5% have type 1 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is overwhelmingly more common, accounting for 91.2% of all diagnosed cases.
The DIY bio movement is disrupting the pharmaceutical industry with open-source protocols for manufacturing off-patent insulin, increasing competition and potentially making life-saving medicine more affordable. The Open Insulin Project, a case study, aims to develop and release an open-source protocol for manufacturing insulin.
Researchers found that low-dose BPA exposure can trigger an insulin response in humans, similar to animal studies showing insulin resistance. The study suggests that exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals like BPA may contribute to the development of Type 2 diabetes.
University of Tokyo researchers have developed a trans-omics approach that maps the interactions between molecules inside cells in response to insulin. This comprehensive understanding may lead to better therapies for type 2 diabetes by identifying potential drug targets and optimizing insulin regimens.
Researchers analyzed Twitter conversations around OpenAPS, a DIY system combining off-the-shelf CGMs and insulin pumps, to understand its benefits and limitations. The study found that OpenAPS improved self-reported A1C and glucose variability while reducing daily distress and burden, but also raised concerns about safety and regulation.
Researchers found that nalbuphine effectively treated opioid-induced urine retention in a patient, suggesting it as a potential solution for those unable to use catheters. WHO guidelines also recently made recommendations on treatment intensification for type 2 diabetes and insulin use for type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Researchers at Toronto General Hospital have identified a specific insulin signaling pathway that revs up the response of T cells in the immune system, enabling them to divide rapidly and secrete cytokines. This finding opens avenues for better regulating the immune system and potentially developing new therapies.
A new collagen-based treatment has shown promise for reversing Type 1 diabetes in both humans and dogs, offering a minimally invasive alternative to traditional therapies. The treatment involves injecting a solution containing pancreatic cells mixed with collagen, which can restore insulin independence for at least 90 days.
A new study sheds light on the evolution of workers and queens in ants by identifying a key gene involved in regulating reproduction. Researchers found that a gene coding for an insulin-like peptide, ILP2, promotes and suppresses reproduction in ants.
A new clinical trial will assess the impact of high-dose omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D supplementation on halting type 1 diabetes progression. The POSEIDON Study aims to reduce inflammation, increase insulin secretion, and promote a potential cure for this autoimmune disease.
A human clinical trial revealed verapamil as a safe and effective therapy to reduce insulin requirements and hypoglycemic episodes in adult subjects with recent onset Type 1 diabetes. The study found that regular oral administration of verapamil enabled patients to produce higher levels of their own insulin.
A recent study published in Annals of Internal Medicine has found that cross-sex hormone therapy may increase the risk for certain vascular events among transgender women. The researchers compared the incidence rates of acute cardiovascular events in a large cohort of transgender persons with those observed in age-, race-, site-, and m...
A study by Yale School of Medicine researchers found that human insulin is comparable to insulin analogs in terms of safety and effectiveness. The use of more expensive analog insulins did not result in better blood sugar control or reduced risk of hypoglycemia, suggesting they may be unnecessary for many patients with type 2 diabetes.
Researchers at Harvard have developed an oral delivery method that can effectively deliver insulin to the bloodstream, overcoming the major obstacles of protein degradation and absorption. The innovative formulation uses an ionic liquid comprised of choline and geranic acid, which is released in a controlled manner once ingested.
A new oral insulin formulation based on ionic liquids has been successfully developed, showing stability at room temperature and under refrigeration. The formulation significantly reduces blood glucose levels in rats, with up to 45% decrease observed after oral delivery.
A study published in Diabetes Care found that the rapid decline in insulin production associated with Type 1 diabetes follows a two-phase pattern: an initial exponential fall and a subsequent stable phase. This discovery suggests that people with Type 1 diabetes may retain some working beta-cells for seven years after diagnosis.
A recent study found that infants with diabetes can maintain excellent blood glucose control for up to ten years using sulfonylurea tablets, offering a promising alternative to insulin injections. The treatment has been shown to be safe and effective in children worldwide.
A 20-year longitudinal study found clear predictors of rising A1C levels in young persons with type 1 diabetes, including sex and weight status. Insulin dose data and glycemic control were assessed over time to identify clinical factors associated with glycemic changes.
A decade-long study has shown that sulphonylurea tablets are a safe and effective treatment option for babies with neonatal diabetes, providing excellent blood sugar control over the long-term. The treatment has been hailed as a 'miracle cure' by patients and their families, offering improved quality of life.
New research finds that obese children who drink at least two cups of low-fat milk daily have lower fasting insulin levels and better blood sugar control. The study's authors recommend encouraging children with obesity to consume the recommended amount of milk to protect against metabolic syndrome.
Researchers found that obese children who consume at least two servings of cow's milk daily have better blood sugar control and lower fasting insulin levels. In contrast, those consuming less than recommended amounts had higher insulin levels, indicating increased risk of metabolic syndrome.
Fasting every other day impairs insulin function, leading to potential long-term health risks, including type-2 diabetes. This study found that even in normal-weight rats, intermittent fasting diets can cause damage to the pancreas and increase insulin resistance.