Why living against the clock is a risky business
Researchers found that insulin action follows a 24-hour circadian rhythm, with mice becoming insulin-resistant during the day. Mice unable to keep the time of day get stuck in an obesity-prone mode.
Insulin
Articles tagged with Insulin
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Circadian clock linked to obesity, diabetes and heart attacks
Research at Vanderbilt University reveals a direct link between the body's circadian rhythm and insulin activity, which controls metabolism. The study found that disruption in the circadian clock can lead to increased risk of obesity, diabetes, and heart disease.
When food porn holds no allure: The science behind satiety
New research reveals insulin's role in reducing desire for food after eating, impacting environmental triggers of overeating. The study found that insulin affects the ventral tegmental area, a region linked to reward-seeking behavior and addictive behaviors.
Link found between insulin sensitivity, cells' powerhouses
Researchers discovered a paradoxical relationship between diminished mitochondrial function and increased insulin sensitivity in mice. The study found that mice with mitochondrial mutations lived longer and had reduced body fat due to increased fat utilization.
Artificial pancreas: The way of the future for treating type 1 diabetes
Researchers developed an artificial pancreas that simulates normal pancreatic function by adapting insulin delivery based on changes in glucose levels. The system showed a 15% improvement in glucose control and significantly reduced the risk of hypoglycemia compared to conventional insulin pump therapy.
Islet transplant may slow progression of atherosclerosis
Researchers found a significant decrease in carotid intima-media thickness one year after islet transplant, indicating slower atherosclerosis progression. Patients achieved insulin independence and showed improved glycemic control.
First image of insulin 'docking' could lead to better diabetes treatments
Researchers have captured the intricate mechanism of insulin binding to cells, a crucial step in glucose uptake. This breakthrough could lead to novel insulins with improved properties, such as longer activity and reduced degradation.
After decades of research, scientists unlock how insulin interacts with cells
A team of researchers from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine has discovered the definitive answer to how insulin binds to cells. This breakthrough could lead to dramatic improvements in treating diabetes, including alternative oral medications and fewer injections per day.
Insulin plus growth factor inhibitor limits vision damage in diabetic mice
Researchers found that combining insulin and an EGF inhibitor preserved vascular integrity in diabetic mice, limiting vision damage from diabetic macular edema. The study suggests a potential therapeutic combination to prevent DME in people with diabetes.
An inadequate diet during pregnancy predisposes the baby to diabetes
A study found that pregnant women who follow a Western diet, high in saturated fats but low in carbohydrates, increase the risk of their child being born with a diabetogenic profile. The researchers emphasize the importance of a balanced Mediterranean diet during pregnancy to avoid this risk.
Could high insulin make you fat? Mouse study says yes
A new mouse study challenges the widely held view that obesity is caused by high insulin levels. Instead, it suggests that chronically low insulin levels can help prevent weight gain on a high-fat diet. The research provides direct evidence in mammals that circulating insulin drives obesity.
New findings on glucagon synthesis
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have discovered that glucagon stimulates its own synthesis, activating a self-reinforcing cycle of hormone production. This finding has significant implications for understanding the regulation of hormone secretion and may hold the key to studying defects in diabetes.
Pancreas stem cell discovery may lead to new diabetes treatments
Scientists have identified stem cells in the adult pancreas that can be turned into insulin-producing cells, offering a potential cure for type 1 diabetes. This breakthrough discovery provides further evidence of the existence of stem cells beyond embryos and may lead to new treatments for the condition.
Study questions the relevance of SCIP benchmarks among CABG patients
A study from Boston University School of Medicine found that achieving SCIP benchmarks for glycemic control may not be relevant among patients undergoing CABG surgery who receive perioperative continuous insulin infusions. These patients had excellent glycemic control, despite being outliers in the SCIP guidelines.
Can diabetes devices be damaged by airport security scanners?
Research highlights the potential impact of airport security scanners on diabetes devices, including insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitoring systems. The Editorial calls for more research to understand and potentially repair this issue affecting hundreds of thousands of people worldwide who use insulin pump therapy.
Intermediate glucose control may be better than tight in neurocritical care patients
A new systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that intermediate glucose control is associated with better outcomes in neurocritical care patients, including reduced mortality and improved recovery. This challenges the conventional approach of tight glycemic control, which may lead to more neurological damage.
Study shows overeating impairs brain insulin function, can lead to diabetes and obesity
Overeating can cause a malfunction in brain insulin signaling, leading to increased fatty acid levels, inflammation, and worsened insulin resistance. The study suggests that the brain's response plays a crucial role in developing type 2 diabetes, making it a potential target for improving insulin function.
Even your fat cells need sleep, according to new research
Researchers at the University of Chicago Medical Center discovered that not getting enough sleep has a harmful impact on fat cells, reducing their ability to respond to insulin. This finding suggests that sleep plays a crucial role in energy metabolism, comparable to its role in brain function.
Toward an artificial pancreas: Math modeling and diabetes control
Researchers develop novel mathematical models for injection of insulin in type 1 and type 2 diabetes, simulating injections of insulin in the manner of insulin pumps. The models simulate open-loop and closed-loop systems, achieving real-time feedback between glucose levels and insulin delivery.
Stop diabetes with insulin tablets
A new study suggests that oral insulin may prevent or delay the onset of type 1 diabetes among individuals with autoantibodies against insulin. The study found that participants who took oral insulin had a delayed development of type 1 diabetes compared to those who took placebo capsules. The delaying effect was attributed to the immun...
Cystic fibrosis disrupts pancreas two ways in CF-related diabetes
Cystic fibrosis causes two abnormalities in the pancreas that affect insulin production, leading to diabetes. The study also found that CF can disrupt insulin regulation as early as birth, with defects in chloride channel protein potentially contributing to the problem.
Researchers identify mechanism that leads to diabetes, blindness
Wolfram syndrome is a rare disorder that causes diabetes, hearing and vision loss, nerve cell damage, and early death. Researchers have identified a mechanism related to mutations in the WFS1 gene that affects insulin-secreting beta cells, which could lead to new treatment targets for the disease.
JCI early table of contents for Sept. 10, 2012
Researchers develop a human liver-chimeric mouse model to study malaria parasites and understand human host/parasite interactions. Additionally, studies reveal the link between serum ferritin levels and insulin sensitivity, as well as the role of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor in protecting against influenza infection.
Anchoring proteins influence glucose metabolism and insulin release
Researchers found that A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) regulate glucose levels by coordinating phosphatases in cells. Mice lacking AKAP150 produced less insulin but coped better with limited hormone due to increased sensitivity in target tissues.
Mayo Clinic: Diabetes can be controlled in patients after pancreas removal
Researchers at Mayo Clinic found that patients without a pancreas can control their blood sugar levels as effectively as type 1 diabetes patients using insulin replacement. The study's findings suggest that removing the entire pancreas is reasonably safe and effective for diabetes management.
The ORIGIN-GRACE study
The ORIGIN-GRACE study found that insulin glargine significantly reduced secondary outcomes of atherosclerosis progression, but had no effect on primary outcomes. Omega-3 fatty acid supplements also showed no significant effect on either outcome.
Metabolic MAGIC
Researchers have identified 38 new genetic regions linked to glucose and insulin levels, expanding the total number of associated genetic regions to 53. The study used a powerful technology to analyze DNA sequence variations for multiple traits at once.
University of Tennessee professor releases weight management product
Professor Michael Zemel's NuShape supplement increases fat oxidation by up to 300 calories a day, with participants maintaining 60-70% of initial weight loss over six months. NuControl promotes healthy blood sugar levels by converging on the same metabolic pathway as resveratrol.
A molecule central to diabetes is uncovered
A UCSF study reveals TXNIP's role in amplifying stress in the earliest stages of diabetes, leading to pancreatic cell death and insulin production loss. The molecule is central to the inflammatory process, making it a promising new drug target for preventing or stalling diabetes.
Big horns trump smooth pickup lines every time
Elk and rhinoceros beetles use insulin to grow big horns and attract mates. A study by Michigan State University found that these traits are not handicaps, but rather honest indicators of quality. The research suggests that the males' insulin dependence provides a way for them to show off their strength and suitability as partners.
A further step towards preventing diabetes
Researchers at UNIGE have developed a new model to study the protein Cx36, which plays a crucial role in insulin production. By analyzing 1040 molecules, they aim to identify those that stimulate or inhibit insulin production, paving the way for new pharmacological treatment strategies for type 2 diabetes.
Women with diabetes more likely to experience sexual dissatisfaction
A UCSF study found that women with diabetes are more likely to report low overall sexual satisfaction compared to non-diabetic women. Insulin-treated diabetic women were at higher risk for lubrication and orgasm complications, while end-organ complications such as heart disease and peripheral neuropathy also impacted sexual function.
A 'Kit' for increasing insulin production
A new study published in Diabetologia found that overexpressing the c-Kit receptor increases insulin production and counteracts early diabetic effects of high-fat diets. This breakthrough research provides a promising lead for developing strategies to preserve and restore function to beta cells.
Annals of Internal Medicine tip sheet for July 10, 2012, online issue
The American College of Physicians developed a free curriculum to train internal medicine residents in identifying and eliminating wasteful treatment options. The high-value, cost-conscious care curriculum focuses on patient cases requiring careful analysis of benefits, harms, costs, and evidence-based decision making.
Newer technology to control blood sugar works better than conventional methods
Researchers found that continuous glucose monitoring devices and insulin pumps improve blood sugar levels and reduce time spent with high levels in patients with type 1 diabetes. These new technologies offer a more convenient alternative to traditional methods, but adherence is key to effectiveness.
Hormone discovered that preserves insulin production and beta cell function in diabetes
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have found a hormone that stimulates insulin secretion from islet cells and protects them against toxic factors. This discovery could lead to new prevention and treatment options for type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
UT Southwestern study shows treating diabetes early, intensively is best strategy
A UT Southwestern study found that early intensive treatment of type 2 diabetes slows down the progression of the disease by preserving the body's insulin-producing capacity. The intensive treatment regimen was shown to be effective in maintaining steady insulin-producing beta-cell function for three and a half years after diagnosis.
Stem cells can beat back diabetes: UBC research
Researchers at UBC successfully reversed diabetes in mice using stem cells, restoring insulin production and reversing the disease. The study re-created the 'feedback loop' that enables insulin levels to automatically rise or fall based on blood glucose levels.
Elderly diabetics have fewer bouts of hypoglycemia at night with new insulin
A new study has found that insulin degludec, a long-lasting insulin, reduces the risk of nighttime low blood sugar in elderly diabetic adults compared to insulin glargine. The meta-analysis of phase 3 clinical trials shows that insulin degludec lowers major side effects like hypoglycemia in these patients.
Experimental insulin drug prevents low blood sugar
A new study found that an experimental insulin drug, degludec, prevented low blood sugar among diabetic patients more frequently than a popular drug, glargine. Degludec caused 14% fewer low blood sugar incidents overall and 37% less at night compared to glargine.
Liraglutide with insulin improves poorly controlled Type 1 diabetes
A new study found that adding liraglutide to insulin therapy improves blood sugar control in obese adults with poorly controlled Type 1 diabetes. Patients also experienced significant weight loss and lower blood pressure.
Reactive hypoglycemia symptoms improve with sitagliptin
Researchers found that sitagliptin improves the severity of reactive hypoglycemia by enhancing insulin secretion during meals. This study suggests a novel approach to treating this condition, currently with no medical therapy.
Preventing or better managing diabetes may prevent cognitive decline, according to UCSF study
A 9-year study by UCSF researchers found that preventing or better managing diabetes can help prevent cognitive decline. The study linked the severity of diabetes to increased risk of cognitive decline and showed that patients with uncontrolled blood sugar levels suffered faster declines.
Liquid glucagon formulation discovered for potential use in artificial pancreas systems
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University and Legacy Health have discovered a method to stabilize liquid glucagon, enabling its use in standard diabetes pumps. This breakthrough could lead to future-generation artificial pancreas systems that dispense both insulin and glucagon for optimal glucose control.
Diabetes: Tighter control of blood sugar prevents nerve condition, but at what risk?
A systematic review found that aggressive blood sugar control can prevent diabetic neuropathy, a disabling condition affecting nerves in the feet and legs. However, the review suggests that optimal target levels for glucose control need to be established to balance benefits and side effects.
Patients with type 2 diabetes lose weight, decrease insulin in meal replacement trial
In a pilot study, patients with type 2 diabetes who used Almased, a protein-rich meal replacement, lost weight and gained better blood sugar control. After 12 weeks, average insulin doses decreased from 147 to 65 units per day and HbA1c levels dropped by 7.7%.
McMaster study debunks belief insulin puts people with diabetes at risk of heart disease
A study of over 12,500 people in 40 countries found that long-term insulin use does not increase the risk of heart disease or cancer. Participants who received daily basal insulin injections had a lower chance of developing type 2 diabetes even after treatment stopped.
Positive results from first human clinical trials of a first-generation artificial pancreas system is significant step forward for millions with type 1 diabetes
The Hypoglycemia-Hyperglycemia Minimizer (HHM) System successfully detects blood glucose highs and lows, automatically adjusting insulin delivery to safely manage type 1 diabetes. The study's findings lay the groundwork for further clinical trials and a potential game-changer for millions living with the condition.
Experimental bariatric surgery controls blood sugar in rats with diabetes
Scientists at the Toronto General Hospital Research Institute showed that an experimental bariatric surgery can lower blood sugar levels in non-obese rats with type 1 diabetes. The study demonstrated that duodenal-jejunal bypass surgery activates novel nutrient-sensing signals in the jejunum, rapidly lowering blood sugar levels.
Sugar makes you stupid
A new UCLA study reveals that a high-fructose diet can slow the brain and impair memory and learning. However, adding omega-3 fatty acids to the diet may help minimize this damage.
Automated insulin dosage titration system demonstrates positive clinical study results
A clinical study demonstrates the effectiveness of an automated insulin dosage titration system in improving blood glucose control and reducing hypoglycemic events. The system, developed by Hygieia, Inc., automatically updates insulin dosage for patients with type 2 or type 1 diabetes, leading to improved glycemic targets.
Study questions the relevance of benchmarks among CABG patients receiving insulin infusions
A recent study has found that achieving Surgical Care Improvement Project (SCIP) benchmarks for glycemic control among patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery may be irrelevant when perioperative continuous insulin infusion protocols are implemented. The researchers discovered that 6.6% of patients who received ...
Study seeks to improve stroke outcomes by optimizing blood glucose control
A new study aims to determine whether intravenous insulin delivery is more effective than standard shots in improving stroke outcomes. Researchers hope to find ways to lower high blood glucose levels quickly and safely after a stroke, which can worsen brain damage.
Xenotransplantation as a therapy for type 1 diabetes
Researchers at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München have developed a genetically modified strain of pigs whose beta-cells can restore glucose homeostasis and inhibit human-anti-pig immune reaction. This breakthrough could potentially treat type 1 diabetes, overcoming the major barrier of immune rejection.
Moving towards a better treatment for autoimmune diabetes
Researchers have made a breakthrough in treating autoimmune diabetes using genetically modified gut bacteria, increasing the frequency of cured mice compared to traditional methods. The new approach has no adverse side effects and allows the immune system to function normally.
Stanford scientists search public databases, flag novel gene's key role in type 2 diabetes
Researchers used public databases to find a novel gene associated with type-2 diabetes, which shows increased activity in fat tissue. The findings suggest that CD44, a cell-surface receptor, plays a major causal role in the disease's development.
Study finds doctors have exaggerated fears when starting patients on insulin
A study led by St. Michael's Hospital researchers found that doctors are more reluctant to start patients on insulin due to amplified concerns about side effects. However, the study suggests that better insulin regimens and smart injection methods can make treatment safer and more manageable.
Gladstone Scientists identify key mechanism involved in Type 2 diabetes
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes discover p75NTR's role in controlling glucose metabolism, finding that blocking this receptor enhances insulin's effectiveness. This breakthrough may lead to new therapies for Type 2 diabetes, a global health problem affecting over 20 million Americans.
Joslin study finds excess insulin levels an unlikely cause of atherosclerosis
A new Joslin study contradicts long-held assumptions about the relationship between hyperinsulinemia and atherosclerosis. Hyperinsulinemia is associated with atherosclerosis in humans due to insulin resistance, but research suggests that excess insulin alone does not cause atherosclerosis.
Diabetes associated with higher risk of cardiovascular problems in men
A new study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found that men with type 2 diabetes treated with insulin without a history of cardiovascular disease are at higher risk for major cardiovascular events. The study showed an accelerated rate of new cardiovascular events in these patients, with a 16% rate over four years.