Articles tagged with Insulin
A new study identifies a DNA biomarker that can detect β cell death and predict type 1 diabetes risk. Unmethylated insulin DNA levels correlate with reduced β cell function and increased risk of clinical onset.
A study published in Molecular Metabolism found that adropin, a hormone regulating fat and sugar metabolism during feeding and fasting cycles, can improve insulin action in obese mice. This suggests that it may work as a therapy for type 2 diabetes.
Researchers at Saint Louis University have found a way to prevent type I diabetes in an animal model by blocking the autoimmune process that destroys beta cells. The study uses a selective ROR alpha and gamma t inverse agonist to reduce autoimmunity, suggesting a new treatment option for the illness.
A new study reveals that cone snails add a unique form of insulin to their venom cocktail, which disrupts blood glucose levels and causes hypoglycemic shock in fish. The snail insulin may help unlock secrets of insulin function and energy metabolism.
Researchers found that insulin nasal spray improved short-term verbal and visual information retention in adults with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's. The study also showed significant benefits for those carrying the APOE-e4 gene, a risk factor for Alzheimer's.
Researchers discovered that triglyceride production in the liver is independent of insulin action, contributing to health risks in type 2 diabetics. The study's findings provide new insights into non-alcoholic liver disease and potential treatments.
A recent study published in Diabetes Care found that approximately one-third of people with type 1 diabetes produce insulin, as measured by C-peptide, even up to 40 years after diagnosis. This challenges the long-held assumption that these patients lose all ability to produce insulin, highlighting potential implications for clinical pr...
Researchers at Rockefeller University have successfully used electromagnetic waves to remotely control insulin production in diabetic mice, opening up new possibilities for treating diseases. The system, dubbed radiogenetics, uses a natural iron storage particle and heat-activated ion channel to trigger gene expression in cells.
A research team from Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia found that the timing of ecdysone synthesis is sensitive to nutrition in fruit flies, regulating final body size. Environmental conditions such as starvation and temperature control ecdysone production, affecting development and growth.
A new study published in Nature Communications reveals that cilia on pancreatic beta cells are covered with insulin receptors, and altered ciliary function is associated with type 2 diabetes. The research found that ciliary defects impaired insulin release, leading to elevated blood glucose levels in mice.
Diabetic patients using insulin pumps are at risk of dosing errors if they forget to change the clock on their devices. This can lead to severe consequences, including hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. Researchers call for increased awareness and education to ensure proper pump settings.
Scientists aim to understand immune system factors that influence insulin production in people with type 1 diabetes. They hope to develop biomarkers and a drug combination to help people live with fewer complications and increased ability to manage their disease.
Patients treated first with metformin were less likely to require treatment intensification compared to those who started with sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, or DPP-4 inhibitors. Metformin also reduced the need for added insulin and was not associated with increased rates of hypoglycemia or cardiovascular events.
A new test developed by researchers at the University of Manchester can identify congenital hyperinsulinism in some patients without known genetic causes. The test measures hormone levels and may influence treatment options, including avoiding pancreatic removal.
Research finds that individuals with a history of depression and hostile marital relationships experience reduced calorie burn and higher insulin levels after consuming high-fat meals, leading to potential weight gain and metabolic syndrome. The study highlights the importance of treating mood disorders in preventing obesity.
A team of scientists has successfully created a light-sensitive sulfonylurea compound that stimulates insulin release only in response to blue light. This breakthrough could lead to more precise control over blood sugar levels and reduce side effects associated with traditional diabetes treatments.
Researchers at Lund University have developed a personalized treatment for type 2 diabetes that targets the disease mechanism itself, rather than just its symptoms. The treatment, which uses a drug called Yohimbin, has shown promising results in improving insulin secretion in patients with the genetic risk variant.
Researchers have discovered a new class of lipids in humans called fatty acid hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) that are linked to reduced inflammation and improved blood sugar levels in diabetes. FAHFA levels are low in humans with a high risk for diabetes, suggesting potential therapeutic opportunities for metabolic disorders.
Researchers at Harvard University have made a breakthrough in producing human insulin-producing beta cells equivalent to normally functioning cells, offering hope for new diabetes treatment. The development involves massive quantities of human embryonic stem cells and could lead to drug discovery and transplantation therapy.
A new study at UC Berkeley found that mice fed a high-fat diet gained 18 percent less weight when drinking clarified grapefruit juice compared to water. The juice also improved glucose, insulin and triacylglycerol levels in mice.
A modified form of a medication called niclosamide may hold the key to battling type 2 diabetes by reducing liver fat and improving insulin function. The research aims to find a safe and practical way to diminish fat content in the liver, which could safely treat patients of all weights.
New research published in the BMJ suggests that long-acting insulin is superior to intermediate-acting insulin for controlling blood sugar levels, preventing weight gain, and treating severe hypoglycemia. Long-acting insulin also showed improved cost-effectiveness compared to intermediate-acting insulin.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet found that age-dependent reduction of mitochondrial function in beta cells leads to reduced insulin release. Impaired calcium ion dynamics is the molecular mechanism underlying this process.
A nationwide study of over 18,000 patients with type 1 diabetes found that insulin pump treatment reduces all-cause mortality by 29% and fatal cardiovascular disease risk by 43%. Pump use was also associated with an 18% risk reduction for coronary heart disease.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that combining basal insulin with a GLP-1 agonist resulted in improved blood sugar control, similar rates of hypoglycaemia, and greater weight loss compared to other anti-diabetic treatments. This combination therapy showed a 92% greater likelihood of achieving target blood sugar control.
Researchers found that high insulin levels foster processes leading to obesity, even in mice given insulin to counter diabetes. Suppressing glucagon action may prevent hyperinsulinemia without causing diabetes.
Researchers found that closed-loop insulin delivery systems maintained safe blood glucose levels for 53-82% of the time. The study proposed improvements needed for better design and implementation of these systems in adults and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
Acute pancreatitis is a severe condition where the pancreas digests itself, leading to abdominal pain, vomiting, and systemic inflammation. Recent research suggests that insulin may prevent toxic effects of alcohol and fatty acid metabolites on pancreatic acinar cells.
A new implantable molecular device measures blood pH and triggers insulin production to regulate metabolic processes. The device, tested in mice with type 1 diabetes, successfully compensated for acidosis and restored normal blood sugar levels.
Researchers have developed a new technique to measure insulin levels in fruit flies with high sensitivity and reproducibility. This breakthrough is expected to transform the field of diabetes research by bringing the power of fruit fly genetics to bear on the devastating condition, enabling rapid testing of diabetes risk factors.
Researchers studying grizzly bears have discovered a natural state of diabetes that serves a biological purpose and is reversible. Grizzlies become diabetic only weeks after hibernation, but then recover when they wake up in the spring. The study reveals how natural biology can teach us about animal coping mechanisms with diseases.
A new study suggests that consuming whey protein before meals can reduce blood sugar spikes and improve the body's insulin response in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Glucagon-like peptide-1 production is increased, stimulating insulin secretion and reducing glucose rise after meals.
Researchers have deciphered how insulin binds to target cells, unlocking a protective hinge that triggers biological signals. This mechanism has attracted international study since the landmark 1969 elucidation of insulin's storage structure, enabling new molecular designs for safer and more effective insulin products.
A single injection of FGF1 protein restores blood sugar levels to a healthy range for over two days, reversing insulin insensitivity and the underlying cause of diabetes. This breakthrough discovery offers a new method to control glucose with a safer and more effective treatment.
Adjusting dietary manipulation may help patients with various conditions by influencing the internal biological clock. Insulin plays a crucial role in resetting the circadian clock, allowing for effective digestion and absorption.
A study published in Diabetologia suggests that consuming whey protein before a regular breakfast can reduce post-meal blood sugar spikes and improve insulin responses. The researchers found that the early insulin response was significantly higher after whey protein, which could be beneficial for individuals with diabetes.
The OpT2mise trial found that insulin pumps result in better blood sugar control than multiple daily injections in people with type 2 diabetes. The study showed that patients using the pumps achieved a significantly greater reduction in average blood sugar levels and spent less time in hyperglycaemia.
A new study by Hassan A-R Ibrahim found that diabetic patients who don't know proper injection techniques may administer insulin incorrectly, leading to poor glycemic control and adverse outcomes. The study found that only 31% of patients answered more than half the questions correctly about injection techniques.
A pilot study will evaluate advanced artificial pancreas technology for individuals with type 1 diabetes under real-world conditions. The study aims to test the safety and effectiveness of an unsupervised artificial pancreas system that automatically controls insulin delivery.
A randomized trial found that calcium and vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced fasting plasma glucose, insulin, and LDL cholesterol in pregnant women with GDM. The study also showed improvements in insulin sensitivity and increases in HDL cholesterol.
A new survey reveals that nearly 70% of adults with Type 1 diabetes do not use their blood glucose self-monitoring devices or insulin pumps to download historical data about their blood sugar levels and insulin doses. Only 12% of patients regularly review their past glucose and insulin pump data at home.
A study found that individuals with growth hormone receptor deficiency have increased insulin sensitivity, preventing Type 2 diabetes and lowering their risk for cancer. Despite higher body fat content, their bodies were more responsive to insulin, suggesting a potential protective effect against these diseases.
A genetic risk component of type 1 diabetes has been shed light on by a study identifying the role of gene Clec16a in faulty cell recycling. Healthy mitochondria are crucial to insulin production and blood sugar control, making this finding a significant step towards treating or preventing both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
A clinical feasibility study demonstrated that the algorithm was capable of helping maintain glucose above hypoglycemic levels for an average of 99.1 percent of the time. The system's potential to reduce hypoglycemia via a technological approach was underscored by significant differences in insulin dosing response as the aggressiveness...
A retrospective cohort study found patients taking JANUVIA and metformin initiated insulin therapy at a slower rate than those taking a sulfonylurea and metformin. The study suggests that real-world data may provide insight into the effects of different oral treatment regimens on the initiation of insulin use.
A post-hoc analysis of patients with type 2 diabetes found that intensification of insulin therapy with Januvia (sitagliptin) 100 mg once-daily resulted in lower incidence of nighttime hypoglycemia compared to placebo. This is a positive finding for treatment approaches aimed at lowering nocturnal hypoglycemia.
Use of insulin analogs among privately insured patients with type 2 diabetes increased significantly between 2000 and 2010. Out-of-pocket expenditures for insulin prescriptions also rose substantially during this period.
A recent study found that adding insulin to metformin for diabetes treatment is associated with an increased risk of nonfatal cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause death. The researchers analyzed data from over 178,000 patients with diabetes who received metformin as their primary treatment.
Researchers have discovered a potential therapeutic target for preserving beta cell health in people with type 1 diabetes, according to a new JDRF-funded study. The MANF protein has been shown to reduce beta cell stress and promote regeneration.
Cystic fibrosis contributes to raised diabetes risk due to a mutated gene that inhibits insulin secretion. The mutation affects the early stage of insulin release, leading to insufficient insulin levels when demands increase.
Researchers at the University of Montreal have identified a novel enzyme, ABHD6, that breaks down a fat-like signal involved in insulin release. Inhibiting this enzyme may increase insulin levels in blood and improve sensitivity to insulin, providing a potential new target for type 2 diabetes treatment.
Researchers have found that blocking a pain receptor in mice extends their lifespan and boosts their metabolism, including an improved insulin response. This discovery provides potential insights into treating obesity and diabetes, as well as improving metabolic health.
Scientists at Harvard University have identified a newly discovered compound that can slow the degradation of insulin in animals, potentially leading to a new treatment for diabetes. The compound inhibits insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), elevating insulin levels and promoting insulin signaling in mice.
A landmark study shows that intensive insulin treatment significantly improves survival in patients with type 2 diabetes who have had a heart attack. The trial, which followed patients for up to 20 years, found that those who received intensified insulin treatment survived an average of 2.3 years longer than those on standard treatment.
Researchers developed a system that predicts and prevents dangerously low overnight blood sugars in patients with type-1 diabetes. The device, which couples a glucose sensor with an insulin pump, reduces cumulative time spent with low blood sugars during sleep by 81%.
A University of Missouri study found that consuming high-protein breakfasts helps healthy women maintain better glucose and insulin control. The study showed that protein-rich breakfasts led to lower spikes in glucose and insulin levels compared to low-protein options.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have discovered that gastric bypass surgery leads to excessive post-meal insulin response in a subset of patients, characterized by altered islet cell function and reduced insulin clearance. This study sheds light on mechanisms of glucose metabolism alterations following gastric bypass surgery.
A mathematical model developed by Penn State researchers can accurately predict blood glucose levels of individuals with type 1 diabetes up to 30 minutes in advance. This allows for timely action to be taken and reduces the risk of hypoglycemic events, which can be life-threatening.
A new study provides direct evidence that the fetus's brain response to glucose is associated with the mother's insulin sensitivity. Research found that women with lower insulin sensitivity had fetuses that reacted more slowly to sounds, while those with higher insulin sensitivity had faster reactions.
Dr. Roger Unger has been awarded the 2014 Rolf Luft Award for his groundbreaking research on glucagon, which he identified as a key hormone balancing insulin regulation of blood sugar. His work revealed diabetes is a bihormonal disease with insufficiency of insulin and excess glucagon.