Articles tagged with Insulin
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A team of researchers at ETH Zurich has created an implantable fuel cell that uses excess blood sugar to generate electrical energy. The device powers artificial beta cells that produce insulin, effectively regulating blood glucose levels.
A new study by Weill Cornell Medicine investigators found four distinct types of beta cells in the pancreas, with cluster 1 beta cells producing more insulin than others and appearing better able to metabolize sugar. The loss of these high-functioning beta cells may contribute to type 2 diabetes development.
A study published in Communications Biology reveals that a large portion of an insulin dose may not be effective, providing a tool for developing more precise medications. The discovery could lead to improved treatment outcomes for millions of people worldwide.
Dr. David McDougal's research project aims to find better therapies to prevent hypoglycemic episodes in people with type 1 diabetes, focusing on the role of leptin in regulating blood sugar responses. The grant-funded study seeks to identify novel treatments for preventing low blood glucose in these patients.
A new clinical trial has shown safety and tolerability of oral GABA and reduced serum glucagon levels in children with recent onset Type 1 diabetes. The study focused on the potential of GABA and GAD to preserve insulin-secreting beta cells and attenuate excessive glucagon release.
Researchers reveal Akt2's role in insulin-regulated metabolism, initiating energy production and nucleic acid synthesis. The study provides new insights into metabolic disorders like diabetes, paving the way for targeted therapeutics.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation found that PAX5 is strongly associated with impaired insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes. The research team identified 94 previously known genes and discovered many new genes differently expressed in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
A survey of primary care clinicians revealed that 44% of patients experience cost-related insulin underuse, with those experiencing poor diabetes control not being more likely to report underuse. Clinicians can address this issue by using empathy to discuss cost barriers and increase the likelihood of changing insulin prescriptions.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge developed an artificial pancreas that can help maintain healthy glucose levels in type 2 diabetes patients. The device doubled the time spent in the target range for glucose and halved the time spent with high glucose levels, reducing average glucose levels and glycated haemoglobin levels.
Researchers have developed an orally administered tablet powered by chemical micromotors that deliver insulin to the colon, reducing blood glucose levels for over five hours. The mini-tablets protected from stomach acid and used hydrogen gas bubbles as micromotors to propel insulin into the bloodstream.
Researchers found that people with higher levels of Coprococcus tended to have higher insulin sensitivity, while those with Flavonifractor had lower insulin sensitivity. The study aimed to understand the relationship between microbiome composition and diabetes development.
Researchers discovered that physical activity suppresses insulin-producing cells in fruit flies, allowing for efficient energy replenishment. This finding has implications for human health, as reduced insulin activity is linked to healthy ageing and longevity.
A wafer-thin device called NICHE has been developed to treat Type 1 diabetes by delivering islet cells and immunotherapy directly into the body. The device restored healthy glucose levels and eliminated symptoms for over 150 days, avoiding severe adverse effects of anti-rejection therapy.
Over three decades, glycemic control stagnated among US adults with diabetes, exacerbating racial and ethnic disparities. Improved insulin access may optimize glycemic control and reduce disparities in this population.
WEHI researchers have visualized how a non-insulin molecule can mimic the role of insulin, opening new avenues for an oral insulin pill. The study confirms alternative molecules can be used to turn on blood glucose uptake, bypassing insulin needs.
Insulin pump use has grown over two decades but disparities persist among racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups. Youth from lower-income backgrounds and minority groups are less likely to use insulin pumps.
A study published in the Hypertension journal suggests that bromocriptine, a Parkinson's disease medication, may help prevent heart disease in youth with Type 1 diabetes. The research found that teens with Type 1 diabetes who took bromocriptine had lower blood pressure and less stiff arteries after one month of treatment.
Researchers found that individuals with CYP8B1 loss-of-function mutations have improved insulin sensitivity and better glucose regulation, reducing the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. The study suggests a potential new treatment approach using bile acid modulators to target this gene.
A novel HNF1A gene variant has been found to cause monogenic diabetes, affecting almost seven percent of all cases in Greenland. This discovery may pave the way for precision treatment using tablet therapy with sulphonylurea, offering a simpler and cheaper alternative to insulin.
A new study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism reveals that pancreas transplantation can provide up to 90% of recipients with diabetes freedom from insulin therapy and glucose monitoring. Despite high success rates, transplant numbers have declined due to lack of consensus criteria, education, and resource ...
A randomized controlled trial found that both total ankle replacement and ankle fusion improve quality of life and have similar clinical scores in patients with end-stage ankle osteoarthritis. However, TAR is associated with greater wound-healing complications and nerve injuries, while AF is linked to more blood clots and nonunion of t...
Researchers at the University of Helsinki have identified a promising drug candidate, TYK2 inhibitor, for preventing type 1 diabetes. The study found that inhibiting TYK2 expression reduces the destruction of pancreatic beta cells, but may also reduce beta cell production in earlier stages.
A team at the University of Exeter has found genetic changes in a region that controls the activity of the genome, turning on or off genes, which led to the discovery of the cause of Congenital Hyperinsulinism. This breakthrough could unlock new causes of rare diseases and pave the way for improved treatments.
Researchers at Osaka University identified T-cadherin as a factor that feeds back a lack of insulin to pancreatic β cells, inducing their proliferation. This finding suggests a potential new treatment for diabetes by targeting T-cadherin.
A large clinical trial found that administering steroids during infant heart surgery did not improve post-operative outcomes compared to placebo. However, secondary analysis revealed a small net benefit for some infants, with lower odds of bleeding requiring another operation.
A study found that the HASTER lncRNA promoter regulates the activity of the HNF1A gene, which causes diabetes. This discovery paves the way for new therapeutic strategies by manipulating this regulatory element.
A new study from the University of Missouri School of Medicine found that short-term exposure to reduced physical activity and increased sugar consumption disrupts insulin response in blood vessels, with men more prone to vascular insulin resistance. In contrast, young women are protected against this condition.
A study found that 16.5% of American adults with diabetes ration their insulin, with younger adults and the uninsured being most affected. Insulin rationing is often linked to cost concerns, with many patients delaying purchases or taking less insulin than needed.
Researchers identified protein levels that were higher or lower than normal in tissues from individuals at different stages of type 2 diabetes. The study found a correlation between metabolic pathway disturbances and disease progression, suggesting new potential causal mechanisms for the disease.
A new clinical trial found that the bionic pancreas device was more effective at maintaining blood glucose levels within normal range than standard-of-care management among people with type 1 diabetes. The device requires minimal user input and provides more automation, resulting in improved glycemic control.
A new drug capsule developed at MIT may be able to replace injections for biologic drugs by tunneling through the mucus barrier in the small intestine. The capsule's robotic cap spins and displaces mucus, allowing drugs to pass into cells lining the intestine.
A bionic pancreas, which automatically delivers insulin based on blood glucose levels, was more effective than standard care at maintaining normal blood sugar levels. The study, funded by NIDDK and conducted at Nemours Children's Health, Jacksonville, found the device to require less user input and provide more automation.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital and MIT have developed RoboCap, a robotic capsule that delivers drugs to the gut by clearing mucus and churning to enhance absorption. In preclinical models, RoboCap increased drug permeability by over 10-fold for insulin and vancomycin.
Researchers found that knocking out TXNIP in alpha cells improves diabetes-associated hyperglycemia and hyperglucagonemia. This discovery suggests a new potential treatment for Type 1 diabetes.
A new study found that placing a monthly cap on out-of-pocket costs for commercially insured patients could lower their highest monthly healthcare bills by 50-60%. A $500 monthly limit would affect about 25% of enrollees and reduce in-network OOP costs over a year by 46%, while a $250 limit would show a 51% reduction.
A new study estimates that up to 17.5 million people worldwide will live with Type 1 Diabetes by 2040, with the highest burden in low- and middle-income countries. The modeling study predicts a significant increase in global deaths due to T1D, highlighting the need for improved surveillance, diagnosis, and care.
The need to reduce diabetes care product waste is a pressing issue, with disposable devices generating enormous amounts of plastic. Experts, including Professor Lutz Heinemann, are exploring strategies to increase recycling and sustainability in the industry.
Research at Karolinska Institutet shows that people with diabetes have lower levels of psoriasin, a key peptide that weakens the bladder's protective barrier function. This increases the risk of urinary tract infections. Oestrogen therapy may help regulate the immune response to UTIs in patients with diabetes.
A study by the University of Geneva team shows that disrupted circadian clocks lead to a rigidity in the membrane of pancreatic endocrine cells, affecting their function. The researchers also found that lipid profiles oscillate more during the day than previously thought, particularly in phospholipids and sphingolipids.
Researchers at Nagoya University have discovered a new treatment for type 1 diabetes that uses leptin to improve insulin-alternative effects in mice. The combination of leptin and a PTP1B inhibitor normalizes blood glucose levels without the need for insulin, reducing hypoglycemia risk.
A new study reveals that ant queens implement a dual-control system for insulin to promote egg development while slowing down the aging process. This unique mechanism allows ants to live longer and reproduce more effectively, unlike other animals.
Queen ants live much longer than workers by generating an anti-insulin protein that blocks aging pathways. This protein enables pseudoqueens, female worker ants that become queens, to reproduce and live longer without aging.
A study by University of Basel researchers found that insufficient insulin production contributes to overweight, challenging the long-held belief that poor nutrition and lack of exercise cause weight gain. The research revealed a key enzyme's role in hormone activation, leading to severe hunger and obesity.
Researchers at CeMM have discovered that targeting SMNDC1 in alpha cells can induce insulin production, a potential new approach for treating diabetes. The study identified a key molecular mechanism regulating insulin hormone production and its essential role in the treatment of diabetes.
A study published in Nature Communications suggests that better glucose control can improve brain structure and function in youth with Type 1 diabetes. The findings indicate that participants using a hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery system showed significant improvement in key brain metrics compared to those receiving standard care.
Researchers at the University of British Columbia have made a breakthrough in developing an oral insulin tablet that is absorbed by the body in the same way as injected insulin. The tablet is designed to dissolve when placed between the gum and cheek, releasing all the insulin into the liver without wasting or decomposing it.
Mutations in EnhP disrupt a non-protein coding gene, causing pancreatic malformations and diabetes. The study sheds light on the hierarchical operation of enhancers in gene regulation.
Researchers determined the cryo-EM structure of IGF Ternary complex and its assembly & activation mechanism. The study reveals how IGFBP3 and ALS form a stable complex with IGF1, regulating its activity. The findings provide new insights into growth-related diseases such as growth hormone deficiency and ALS deficiency.
Researchers found that endothelial cells in blood vessels drive the body's metabolism and produce nitrous oxide to regulate brown fat production. This discovery reverses long-held ideas about the relationship between diabetes, fat and cardiovascular disease.
A team of MIT engineers and collaborators have devised a way to overcome the foreign body response, forming a thick layer of scar tissue that blocks insulin release. The device is repeatedly inflated and deflated for five minutes every 12 hours, preventing immune cells from accumulating around it.
A recent JAMA study found a positive association between high insulin dosage and cancer incidence among patients with type 1 diabetes. The study suggests that clinicians may need to balance cancer risk when treating patients on high insulin doses, with improving insulin sensitivity potentially being a preferred approach.
A new study published in JAMA Oncology has found a significant association between daily insulin dose and increased cancer risk in patients with type 1 diabetes. The research, led by Yuanjie Mao, investigated the relationships between various risk factors and cancer incidence in this population.
Individualized, comprehensive treatment approaches and risk stratification of patients are crucial for effective treatment of MAFLD. Lifestyle modifications and pharmaceutical therapeutics combining to treat the condition.
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center identified a human gut bacterium that makes a protein mimicking the insulin peptide targeted by the immune system in type 1 diabetes. The presence of this bacterium accelerates the onset of diabetes in a mouse model and is linked to its development in children at genetic risk.
Researchers have found that infusing glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) hormone can improve impaired islet cell function in the pancreas of cystic fibrosis patients, potentially improving blood sugar control and treatment burden. The study suggests a new therapeutic approach for treating cystic fibrosis-related diabetes.
Researchers at UNIGE have found that the S100A9 protein can significantly improve insulin metabolism in diabetic patients, reducing the risk of severe side effects associated with insulin therapy. The protein's anti-inflammatory effect may also help to normalize ketone production and prevent life-threatening conditions.
A long-term high-fat diet has been shown to cause significant weight gain and metabolic disorders in mice, leading to anxiety, depression, and worsening Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests a clear link between chronic obesity and diabetes with cognitive decline.
Researchers at University of Basel found that the sight and smell of a meal stimulate an inflammatory response in the brain, which affects insulin secretion. In overweight individuals, this response is excessive and can impair insulin function.
Researchers found that factory-calibrated continuous glucose monitors are sufficiently accurate for estimating blood-sugar levels in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis. The devices showed 'clinical reliability', with almost 99% of readings accurate enough to be used without confirmatory fingerstick blood sugar readings.
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center have identified a key enzyme involved in producing a new class of lipids with therapeutic effects for patients with diabetes. The discovery, published in Nature, could pave the way for new treatments to protect insulin-producing cells and improve blood sugar control.