Articles tagged with Insulin
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A Finnish study discovered a positive association between standing and improved insulin sensitivity in adults with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The researchers found that increasing daily standing time can help prevent chronic diseases, even if physical activity recommendations are not met.
Researchers at UC San Diego will use $6.4 million in NIH funding to study the influence of external signals on insulin production in beta cells. They aim to create a roadmap of genetic variations that can predict changes in insulin output, which may help prevent and treat diabetes.
Researchers have developed a simplified blood test that increases overall screening efficiency for type 1 diabetes. The study, led by Melbourne researchers, found that a single finger prick blood test can predict clinical diagnosis with high accuracy.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have designed a convection-enhanced macroencapsulation device that offers improved cell loading capacity, increased cell survival, glucose sensitivity, and timely insulin secretion. The device has the potential to be an autonomous system for minimally invasive treatment of type 1 diabetes.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have discovered a hormone in fruit flies that regulates human metabolism, potentially leading to new treatments for obesity and diabetes. The CAPA hormone plays a crucial role in maintaining energy balance, raising blood sugar levels, and regulating insulin secretion.
A large-scale review of clinical evidence suggests that losing significant weight through diet or surgery can bring about type 2 diabetes remission. Meal-replacement diets and low-carbohydrate diets were found to be effective in achieving remission, with people who lost the most weight being more likely to succeed.
A team of MIT engineers has developed a drug delivery capsule that can inject large quantities of monoclonal antibodies and other proteins into the stomach lining after being swallowed. The capsule overcomes a major challenge in delivering these drugs orally, which are usually administered via injections.
Researchers found that certain peptides associated with migraine pain can regulate insulin production in mice, potentially preventing type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that these peptides could be developed into therapeutic strategies to control blood sugar levels, while minimizing the risk of migraines.
A Swedish study found that 43% of children with new-onset type 1 diabetes did not receive hospital treatment on the same day as primary care contact. Delayed care can lead to life-threatening conditions like diabetic ketoacidosis. Improved awareness and rapid treatment are crucial for preventing complications.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered three different subtypes of mature fat cells in white adipose tissue, with only one subtype, Adipo PLIN, responding to insulin. The study suggests that changes in this specific subtype may contribute to metabolic diseases like Type 2 diabetes.
Scientists discovered impaired leptin transport to the brain via LepR receptors leads to pre-diabetic state and exhausted insulin secretion. Reintroducing leptin restores pancreatic function-promoting action, suggesting a crucial brain role in type 2 diabetes management.
A synthetic hinge concept developed by Indiana University School of Medicine Professor Michael A. Weiss and his team could lead to a breakthrough in 'smart' insulin therapy. The invention exploits a natural mechanism that allows the insulin to adjust its activity based on blood glucose levels, which could transform diabetes care.
A Harvard study found that 20% of diabetes patients with high-deductible health plans reported skipping medications due to cost, compared to 16% in traditional plans. Patients with insulin reliance were 31% more likely to miss medication.
Rice University bioengineers are developing an insulin-producing implant to regulate blood glucose levels in Type 1 diabetics. The implant uses human stem cells and 3D printing to mimic the natural behavior of the pancreas, with the goal of achieving consistent target blood glucose levels.
A clinical study found that injecting a protein GAD into lymph nodes can be effective in preserving insulin production in individuals with the HLA-DR3-DQ2 variant. This subgroup accounts for around half of patients with type 1 diabetes, who may benefit from a potential new treatment to slow or stop the immune system's attack.
Researchers at Monell Chemical Senses Center found that insulin is essential for maturing and regenerating olfactory sensory neurons after injury. Insulin promotes regeneration of OSNs, even in nondiabetic mice, indicating a new therapy option for treating smell loss.
A recent case study by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers provides evidence that medical marijuana may be an effective treatment for patients with chronic itch. The team found that THC, a compound in cannabis, attaches to brain receptors and reduces inflammation, leading to a reduction in skin sensations such as itchiness.
Recent studies refute the theory that excessive carbohydrate consumption leads to insulin-driven weight gain. Instead, basal insulin levels in response to energy balance are key to regulating weight gain, suggesting alternative models for body fat regulation.
Researchers from Kumamoto University have successfully developed oral insulin using DNP peptides and zinc insulin hexamers. This breakthrough aims to improve the quality of life for diabetics who struggle with painful self-injection therapy.
A new once-a-week injectable insulin therapy has proven safe and as effective as daily insulin injections in two international clinical trials. The treatment may provide a convenient alternative to the burden of daily insulin shots for diabetes patients, improving long-term adherence and glucose control.
Researchers have identified five novel diabetes subgroups with distinct biomarker profiles, highlighting the importance of inflammation in diabetes-related complications. These differences may enable early detection and therapy in individual subgroups, particularly those with severe insulin resistance.
Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi have developed a revolutionary technology that could dramatically improve diabetes treatment through an oral delivery system. The system uses nano-particles to deliver insulin and has been shown to be biocompatible, stable, and glucose-responsive.
A case of atezolizumab-induced autoimmune diabetes mellitus presenting with diabetic ketoacidosis is reported, highlighting the importance of monitoring blood glucose levels in patients treated with PD-L1 inhibitors. The patient's condition was successfully managed with cessation of atezolizumab treatment and insulin therapy.
A new clinical study, SINT1A, is underway to prevent type 1 diabetes in children by administering a probiotic containing Bifidobacterium Infantis. The study aims to promote a healthy intestinal flora and reduce the risk of autoimmunity against insulin.
A new once-weekly basal insulin injection demonstrated similar efficacy and safety to daily basal insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes, achieving comparable blood glucose control and lower rates of hypoglycemia
The Omnipod 5 System shows significant average improvements in hemoglobin A1c and time spent within the recommended target glucose range. Children also experience improved blood sugar control after using the device.
Researchers developed a system using wireless sensing and artificial intelligence to detect medication errors. The system tracks patients' movements and alerts healthcare providers when necessary, potentially reducing hospital visits.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg found that free fatty acids in the blood trigger insulin release even at normal blood-sugar levels, contradicting the long-held hypothesis. The study suggests that obesity and excess fat tissue contribute to increased FFAs, which may be an early sign of incipient type 2 diabetes.
Scientists use monoclonal antibodies against the glucagon receptor to convert alpha cells into beta cells, significantly increasing the number of cells in the pancreas. This could potentially treat both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes by restoring natural insulin production.
The Novo Nordisk Network for Healthy Populations will focus on new ways to support healthier urban populations and develop interventions to prevent the unsustainable rise of type 2 diabetes. The network aims to find solutions that address the root cause of chronic diseases and bring together existing expertise from across the University.
A new AI algorithm enabled a fully automated artificial pancreas system to achieve improved glucose control without manual input of meal or exercise information. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient and hassle-free diabetes management.
Researchers found that an experimental treatment converted cells to generate insulin, reducing diabetic symptoms and increasing insulin cell mass. The treatment showed promise for regenerating insulin-producing capacity and restoring normal blood glucose balance.
CU Anschutz researchers found a correlation between inflammatory T-cell responses to hybrid insulin peptides and worsening blood glucose measurements in genetically at-risk adolescents. This study provides an important advancement in identifying the risk of T1D early and potential for intervention.
A study by MSF and UNIGE found that insulin can be stored at temperatures ranging from 25°C to 37°C for four weeks without losing its potency or efficacy. This breakthrough allows people with diabetes to manage their condition independently, reducing the need for daily hospital visits.
A team of researchers found that immature beta-cells can contribute to proper insulin release when paired with more mature counterparts. By balancing the proportion of 'weak' and 'strong' beta-cells, islet function can be restored under conditions of metabolic stress.
Researchers have discovered a novel and druggable insulin inhibitory receptor named inceptor. Blocking its function leads to increased sensitisation of the insulin signalling pathway in pancreatic beta cells, allowing for potential protection and regeneration of beta cells for diabetes remission.
A study analyzing 4,000 social media posts found that diabetics in the UK fear disrupted insulin supplies as a result of Brexit. The research highlights the financial burden of accessing insulin and the need for improved healthcare systems.
The International Diabetes Closed-Loop (iDCL) Trial found that hybrid closed-loop insulin therapy significantly improved glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes. The use of this technology increased Time in Range by 13%, especially during nighttime hours, and reduced time spent at blood glucose levels above 180 mg/dL.
A Brazilian study found that children born to obese mothers are more prone to developing metabolic disease due to a lack of the Mfn2 protein in their mother's eggs. This protein regulates mitochondrial function and energy production, leading to abnormal mitochondria shape and dysfunction.
A small, highly controlled study at the National Institutes of Health compared the effects of a low-fat, plant-based diet to a low-carb, animal-based diet on calorie intake, hormone levels, body weight, and more. Participants lost weight on both diets, but only the low-fat diet led to a significant loss of body fat.
The American Diabetes Association has lowered the target HbA1C levels for children with type-1 diabetes to less than 7% to reduce acute and long-term organ damage. The new guidelines aim to improve immediate and long-term health outcomes, fewer complications, and reduced mortality rates in T1D children.
The Endocrine Society recommends government negotiation, greater transparency, and policy changes to reduce insulin costs. These policies aim to increase access to affordable insulin, particularly for low-income individuals and Medicare beneficiaries.
Researchers at NTU Singapore have developed oral insulin nanoparticles that can carry large amounts of insulin, making them a potential alternative to painful injections. The nanoparticles are stable and able to pass through the intestinal wall into the bloodstream, offering a promising solution for diabetic patients.
Scientists have developed advanced imaging techniques to observe pancreatic beta cells packaging insulin and responding to drug treatments. The new methods provide a more complete picture of the cell's functions and components, shedding light on the mechanisms responsible for preventing diabetes.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have developed a new insulin molecule that can sense blood sugar levels and release insulin accordingly. This innovative approach aims to reduce the frequency of injections and monitoring required by people with type 1 diabetes, improving their quality of life.
A new study from the University of Eastern Finland found that consuming blackcurrants after a meal can attenuate the rise and fall of blood glucose levels. The beneficial effect is attributed to berry-derived polyphenolic compounds, specifically anthocyanins, which slow down glucose absorption and reduce oxidative stress.
A standardized 'Artificial Pancreas (AP) Dashboard' is proposed to improve glycemic control and reduce hypoglycemia in insulin requiring patients with diabetes. The dashboard provides a single-page report of seven main components, including glucose metrics, insulin management, and user experience.
Researchers discovered a previously unknown way that pancreatic cells decide how much insulin to secrete, pointing to an overlooked enzyme known as pyruvate kinase. Stimulating pyruvate kinase not only increases the secretion of insulin but also has other metabolically protective effects in the liver, muscle and red blood cells.
A study using genome sequencing and CRISPR gene editing tools has uncovered a new biological pathway essential for insulin production in the YIPF5 gene. The research shows that genetic changes in this gene result in high stress levels, leading to cell death in insulin-producing cells.
A recent study suggests that the evolution of insulin has encountered a roadblock, rendering most people vulnerable to Type 2 diabetes. The researchers discovered that even slight variations in the insulin-sequencing process can impair insulin folding and induce cellular stress.
A new study has shown that a minimally-invasive ablation procedure can rejuvenate the lining of the duodenum, leading to significant improvements in blood glucose control and weight loss. In a pilot study, 75% of patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent the procedure were able to discontinue insulin therapy within six months.
A new study by the RAND Corporation found that US insulin prices are significantly higher than those in other high-income countries, even when accounting for rebates and discounts. The average price per unit across all types of insulin in the US is $98.70, compared to a fraction of this cost in other nations.
Researchers at Pennington Biomedical Research Center will investigate how the SGK1 enzyme regulates beta-cell mass when more insulin is needed. The study aims to understand how beta-cell growth mechanisms influence insulin release, potentially leading to new medications for diagnosing and treating metabolic diseases.
A 15-year study found that non-Hispanic white children are more likely to use insulin pumps than non-Hispanic Black children, exacerbating racial disparities in type 1 diabetes outcomes. Researchers emphasize the need for interventions to address these disparities and promote equitable care.
A new study reveals that reversing type 2 diabetes can restore the pancreas to a normal size and shape, improving insulin function. After 2 years of weight loss, responders experienced significant growth in pancreas volume and fat reduction, while non-responders showed no change.
A new study confirms the existence of residual, non-functioning beta cells in living individuals with longstanding type 1 diabetes. Researchers used a non-invasive imaging technique to detect these cells, which may be restored if adequate treatments are available.
A study found that a ferry protein in the pancreas plays a crucial role in regulating insulin levels and protecting against the negative effects of a high-fat diet. The researchers discovered that this protein, VMAT2, helps to shield beta cells from oxidative stress, which can lead to diabetes.
The study found that youth using the artificial pancreas system had significant improvements in blood glucose control, including a 7% improvement during the daytime and a 26% improvement at night. The technology improved overall time-in-range by nearly 11%, translating to more hours per day in a healthy range.
A clinical trial found that a new artificial pancreas system improved blood glucose control in children aged 6-13, achieving 7% daytime improvement and 26% nighttime control. The technology replaces traditional testing and insulin delivery, providing greater convenience and safety.
A genetic variant of the DUSP8 gene impairs brain response to insulin, leading to increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Research reveals protein Dusp8's regulatory effects on hypothalamic insulin sensitivity and inflammatory processes.