Articles tagged with Insulin
Researchers investigated the effects of insulin aggregation on human health, finding strategies to prevent it. Additionally, a study revealed that amphiphilic membrane environments can regulate enzymatic behaviors in Salmonella proteins.
Salk researchers have engineered mammalian cells to be activated using ultrasound, a method that paves the way toward non-invasive versions of deep brain stimulation, pacemakers, and insulin pumps. The team found a protein called TRPA1, known for its role in responding to noxious compounds, which also opens in response to ultrasound.
A new study published in Nature Communications identifies a harmful cellular pathway that causes pancreatic beta cell death, leading to type 1 diabetes. Blocking this pathway preserved beta cells, increased insulin production, and prevented or delayed diabetes in mice models.
A new study found that female adults who heavily used cannabis had a lower incidence of diabetes compared to those who did not use cannabis. In contrast, light cannabis use among females and male adults with any level or no cannabis use showed no association with diabetes diagnosis.
Researchers have developed a prototype insulin-loaded patch that comfortably sticks to the inside of a person's cheek, offering a less invasive way to manage blood sugar levels. The patch, activated by heat, releases insulin into the bloodstream several times faster than through skin, showing promise for diabetes treatment.
A clinical trial shows that an automated insulin delivery system using an Android app is safe and effective for young children with type 1 diabetes. The system, CamAPS FX, improved metabolic control and reduced blood glucose levels in children aged one to seven years.
Regular physical activity significantly changes metabolite profiles, associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. The study found improved insulin secretion and reduced fasting glucose levels in physically active men.
Researchers at Kumamoto University developed a novel 'supermolecular' material that binds to protein drugs, prolongs their effect without impairing activity, and improves overall drug performance. The material, called PEG-PRX, adds polyethylene glycol chains to proteins without compromising biological action.
Researchers at MIT have developed an all-in-one approach to diabetes treatment, streamlining the process of blood glucose measurement and insulin injection. The new device can automate procedures such as pricking skin, collecting blood, calculating glucose levels, and dispensing insulin, reducing the need for multiple devices and makin...
A new artificial pancreas system has been shown to be safe and effective in managing blood sugar levels in very young children with type 1 diabetes. The hybrid closed-loop system, CamAPS FX, reduced average blood sugar levels and improved glucose control without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia.
Researchers discovered that Black women have a greater relative abundance of Actinobacteria, associated with reduced insulin sensitivity and elevated inflammation. The study highlights the importance of understanding the role of gut microbiome in cardiometabolic health disparities among Black women.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a technique to enhance immunosuppression using nanoparticles, targeting specific cells related to transplants without suppressing wider immune responses. This approach enables more effective control of the immune system and reduces side effects.
Researchers at Salk Institute have discovered a new molecular pathway that controls blood glucose levels independent of insulin, offering new avenues for treating diabetes and metabolic disorders. The hormone FGF1 suppresses lipolysis and regulates glucose production in the liver.
A cross-sectional study found that mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) predominantly affects women, increasing the frequency and severity of hypertension and type 2 diabetes compared to nonfunctioning adrenal tumors. Patients with MACS carried an increased cardiometabolic burden similar to Cushing Syndrome, even without typical f...
Researchers found that SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin can improve insulin sensitivity in the brain, leading to better glucose control and reduced liver fat content. This breakthrough discovery positions SGLT2 inhibitors as a potential treatment for insulin resistance in the brain.
Researchers discovered a new hormone, fabkin, that regulates metabolism and controls insulin production in pancreatic beta cells. Blocking fabkin's activity prevented the development of both forms of diabetes in mice, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target.
A multicenter clinical trial demonstrates insulin secretion from engrafted stem cells in patients with type 1 diabetes. The study shows 20% reduced insulin requirements and 13% more time spent in target blood glucose range over a one-year follow-up period.
A new study has identified the CCR2 gene as a key player in the progression of type 1 diabetes. The research found that lower blood levels of CCL-2, a ligand for CCR2, were associated with increased immune cell recruitment to the pancreas, leading to islet cell destruction.
Scientists have reversed new-onset type 1 diabetes in mice by injecting pyramid-like DNA molecules called tFNAs, which increased regulatory T cells and protected pancreatic β-cells. The treatment is one of the most promising candidates for type 1 diabetes immunotherapy.
A USC Schaeffer study finds that middlemen in the insulin distribution chain now capture approximately 53% of net proceeds, up from 30% in 2014. Meanwhile, manufacturers receive a decreased share, but the total cost to the healthcare system remains relatively flat.
A study at the University of Turku found that brain function regulating satiety and appetite is altered before obesity develops, with family background risk factors contributing to these changes. The findings suggest the brain and central nervous system are key targets for treating obesity.
Researchers from Osaka University found that SARS-CoV-2 binds to a cell-surface protein whose expression is promoted by high blood insulin levels in older, obese, and diabetic individuals. Regulating blood insulin levels may help lower COVID-19 risk by reducing GRP78 expression.
Researchers found that excess carbohydrates can lead to metabolic distress by blocking the synthesis of important antioxidants and increasing insulin levels. This study provides new insights into the relationship between carbohydrate overfeeding and metabolic health.
A recent study from the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University identified a crucial protein linked to increased appetite and obesity in mice. The researchers found that mice lacking this protein, XRN1, exhibited leptin resistance, leading to insatiable hunger and weight gain.
A large population-based cohort study found that combined oral contraceptives reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes in women with PCOS by 26%. Women with PCOS have twice the risk of developing type 2 diabetes or pre-diabetes, highlighting the need for treatments to reduce this risk.
Researchers identified a pattern that links the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) proteins with a reduction of serotonin, which may help predict who will develop late-life depression. The study found that individuals expressing this pattern had more severe depressive symptoms.
Research highlights the importance of normal insulin cycles for metabolic health, including better response to fed and fasted insulin inputs. It also uncovers mechanisms regulating robustness of insulin signaling, identifying potential novel regulatory components for therapeutic interventions.
Researchers found that COVID-19 patients with high blood sugar levels were more likely to develop severe lung dysfunction, require mechanical ventilation, and die. The study also suggests that SARS-CoV-2 may disrupt fat cells' production of adiponectin, a hormone regulating blood sugar levels.
A transgenic pig model has been developed allowing for the first time the in vivo fluorescent labeling of age-distinct insulin secretory granule pools. This model enables researchers to study insulin turnover in normoglycemic conditions, closing the translational gap between humans and rodents.
Researchers developed an experimental device to improve blood sugar control in HI patients. The bihormonal bionic pancreas (BHBP) helps maintain stable glucose levels without human error in calculating doses.
A Finnish study discovered a positive association between standing and improved insulin sensitivity in adults with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The researchers found that increasing daily standing time can help prevent chronic diseases, even if physical activity recommendations are not met.
Researchers at UC San Diego will use $6.4 million in NIH funding to study the influence of external signals on insulin production in beta cells. They aim to create a roadmap of genetic variations that can predict changes in insulin output, which may help prevent and treat diabetes.
Researchers have developed a simplified blood test that increases overall screening efficiency for type 1 diabetes. The study, led by Melbourne researchers, found that a single finger prick blood test can predict clinical diagnosis with high accuracy.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have designed a convection-enhanced macroencapsulation device that offers improved cell loading capacity, increased cell survival, glucose sensitivity, and timely insulin secretion. The device has the potential to be an autonomous system for minimally invasive treatment of type 1 diabetes.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have discovered a hormone in fruit flies that regulates human metabolism, potentially leading to new treatments for obesity and diabetes. The CAPA hormone plays a crucial role in maintaining energy balance, raising blood sugar levels, and regulating insulin secretion.
A large-scale review of clinical evidence suggests that losing significant weight through diet or surgery can bring about type 2 diabetes remission. Meal-replacement diets and low-carbohydrate diets were found to be effective in achieving remission, with people who lost the most weight being more likely to succeed.
A team of MIT engineers has developed a drug delivery capsule that can inject large quantities of monoclonal antibodies and other proteins into the stomach lining after being swallowed. The capsule overcomes a major challenge in delivering these drugs orally, which are usually administered via injections.
Researchers found that certain peptides associated with migraine pain can regulate insulin production in mice, potentially preventing type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that these peptides could be developed into therapeutic strategies to control blood sugar levels, while minimizing the risk of migraines.
A Swedish study found that 43% of children with new-onset type 1 diabetes did not receive hospital treatment on the same day as primary care contact. Delayed care can lead to life-threatening conditions like diabetic ketoacidosis. Improved awareness and rapid treatment are crucial for preventing complications.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered three different subtypes of mature fat cells in white adipose tissue, with only one subtype, Adipo PLIN, responding to insulin. The study suggests that changes in this specific subtype may contribute to metabolic diseases like Type 2 diabetes.
A synthetic hinge concept developed by Indiana University School of Medicine Professor Michael A. Weiss and his team could lead to a breakthrough in 'smart' insulin therapy. The invention exploits a natural mechanism that allows the insulin to adjust its activity based on blood glucose levels, which could transform diabetes care.
Scientists discovered impaired leptin transport to the brain via LepR receptors leads to pre-diabetic state and exhausted insulin secretion. Reintroducing leptin restores pancreatic function-promoting action, suggesting a crucial brain role in type 2 diabetes management.
A Harvard study found that 20% of diabetes patients with high-deductible health plans reported skipping medications due to cost, compared to 16% in traditional plans. Patients with insulin reliance were 31% more likely to miss medication.
Rice University bioengineers are developing an insulin-producing implant to regulate blood glucose levels in Type 1 diabetics. The implant uses human stem cells and 3D printing to mimic the natural behavior of the pancreas, with the goal of achieving consistent target blood glucose levels.
A clinical study found that injecting a protein GAD into lymph nodes can be effective in preserving insulin production in individuals with the HLA-DR3-DQ2 variant. This subgroup accounts for around half of patients with type 1 diabetes, who may benefit from a potential new treatment to slow or stop the immune system's attack.
Researchers at Monell Chemical Senses Center found that insulin is essential for maturing and regenerating olfactory sensory neurons after injury. Insulin promotes regeneration of OSNs, even in nondiabetic mice, indicating a new therapy option for treating smell loss.
A recent case study by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers provides evidence that medical marijuana may be an effective treatment for patients with chronic itch. The team found that THC, a compound in cannabis, attaches to brain receptors and reduces inflammation, leading to a reduction in skin sensations such as itchiness.
Recent studies refute the theory that excessive carbohydrate consumption leads to insulin-driven weight gain. Instead, basal insulin levels in response to energy balance are key to regulating weight gain, suggesting alternative models for body fat regulation.
Researchers from Kumamoto University have successfully developed oral insulin using DNP peptides and zinc insulin hexamers. This breakthrough aims to improve the quality of life for diabetics who struggle with painful self-injection therapy.
A new once-a-week injectable insulin therapy has proven safe and as effective as daily insulin injections in two international clinical trials. The treatment may provide a convenient alternative to the burden of daily insulin shots for diabetes patients, improving long-term adherence and glucose control.
Researchers have identified five novel diabetes subgroups with distinct biomarker profiles, highlighting the importance of inflammation in diabetes-related complications. These differences may enable early detection and therapy in individual subgroups, particularly those with severe insulin resistance.
Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi have developed a revolutionary technology that could dramatically improve diabetes treatment through an oral delivery system. The system uses nano-particles to deliver insulin and has been shown to be biocompatible, stable, and glucose-responsive.
A case of atezolizumab-induced autoimmune diabetes mellitus presenting with diabetic ketoacidosis is reported, highlighting the importance of monitoring blood glucose levels in patients treated with PD-L1 inhibitors. The patient's condition was successfully managed with cessation of atezolizumab treatment and insulin therapy.
A new clinical study, SINT1A, is underway to prevent type 1 diabetes in children by administering a probiotic containing Bifidobacterium Infantis. The study aims to promote a healthy intestinal flora and reduce the risk of autoimmunity against insulin.
A new once-weekly basal insulin injection demonstrated similar efficacy and safety to daily basal insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes, achieving comparable blood glucose control and lower rates of hypoglycemia
The Omnipod 5 System shows significant average improvements in hemoglobin A1c and time spent within the recommended target glucose range. Children also experience improved blood sugar control after using the device.
Researchers developed a system using wireless sensing and artificial intelligence to detect medication errors. The system tracks patients' movements and alerts healthcare providers when necessary, potentially reducing hospital visits.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg found that free fatty acids in the blood trigger insulin release even at normal blood-sugar levels, contradicting the long-held hypothesis. The study suggests that obesity and excess fat tissue contribute to increased FFAs, which may be an early sign of incipient type 2 diabetes.
Scientists use monoclonal antibodies against the glucagon receptor to convert alpha cells into beta cells, significantly increasing the number of cells in the pancreas. This could potentially treat both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes by restoring natural insulin production.
The Novo Nordisk Network for Healthy Populations will focus on new ways to support healthier urban populations and develop interventions to prevent the unsustainable rise of type 2 diabetes. The network aims to find solutions that address the root cause of chronic diseases and bring together existing expertise from across the University.