Researchers have observed hydroxyl-hydronium complex in ionized liquid water using MeV-UED instrument. This discovery is significant for understanding chemical reactions and has implications for fields such as space travel, environmental remediation, and medicine.
A team of Korean researchers developed a novel, flexible neural interface that can measure neuronal activity while delivering drugs to the implant site. This breakthrough device has promising implications for brain-machine interfaces and treating neurological diseases.
Researchers found associations between driving convictions, accidents, and behaviors like junk food consumption and alcohol. Genetic variation in serotonin metabolism was also linked to risky driving.
A novel manganese-based catalyst has been developed to efficiently deconstruct commercial and end-of-life polyurethane (PU) materials into monomeric building blocks. This process enables the creation of virgin polymeric material with the same characteristics as the original material, promoting a circular plastic economy.
A recent study found that eliminating enriched refined grain foods from the American diet results in lower nutrient levels, particularly for dietary fiber, iron, and magnesium. The removal of these grains also leads to a reduction in energy intake by approximately 10% in both age groups.
The project aims to enhance U.S. surveillance of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and other respiratory viruses through a network of emergency departments across 21 states and 100 hospitals. Data will be obtained from electronic medical records, providing insights into viral infection trends and patient outcomes.
The study found that excessive screen time during the pandemic was linked to increased symptoms of anxiety and depression in children. Physical inactivity was also associated with poorer mental health outcomes.
Two new studies published in the GSA Bulletin shed light on the geological processes that shaped China and Tibet. One study reveals a complex sequence of tectono-thermal events in the Évora gneiss dome, while another investigates the magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of porphyry Au, Mo, and barren systems in East Qinling, China.
Researchers from DGIST propose an advanced network architecture that combines software-defined networks (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV) to overcome the drawbacks of traditional networks. The proposed system can fine-tune processing resources, support dynamic service chaining, and improve performance and security.
Researchers found that parental knowledge and beliefs differ across socioeconomic status, but these beliefs can be changed. Interventions aimed at shifting parental beliefs had measurable effects on child outcomes, particularly in more intensive home visiting programs.
Osaka University and Fujitsu Limited establish a joint research division to develop foundational technologies for fault-tolerant quantum computers, focusing on error correction algorithms and software solutions. The partnership aims to innovate solutions to complex problems in fields like drug discovery and finance.
A multidisciplinary team will create open-source solutions for distributed, accelerated image analysis, making it accessible to researchers without programming experience. The project aims to convert imaging science into a quantitative field, supporting discovery in bioscience and clinical research.
Aging significantly alters the small bowel microbiome, leading to critical changes. Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center examined age-related shifts in the gut microbiome, highlighting the importance of understanding these changes.
The European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) is hosting its 57th International Liver Congress (ILC) 2022 in London, where experts will present and share the latest science on liver diseases. The event aims to enhance awareness, prevention, treatment, and management of liver diseases globally.
A composite film made of bismuth titanate and triboelectric polymer was developed to harness mechanical energy and power low-power electronics. The film generates an electric charge when pressed and released, creating a voltage and enhancing energy harvesting performance.
Researchers found a correlation between high levels of Gas6 and zika-induced neurological complications. Gas6 helps the virus invade human cells, facilitating viral replication and aggravating infection. The discovery paves the way for future research on developing drugs to combat the virus.
Researchers identified a potential circumtriple planet in the star system GW Ori, with implications for our understanding of planet formation. The discovery, made using ALMA telescope observations, suggests that planet formation may be more active than previously thought.
The Verrucomicrobiota group of bacteria plays a crucial role in degrading polysaccharides released by algae during spring blooms in the North Sea. These specialized bacteria consume hard-to-degrade sugars, including those containing sulfate and fucose, using unique pathways and organelle-like structures to avoid toxic compounds.
The special issue features original research on novel computational methods for single-cell genomics, as well as perspective review articles on the past, present, and future of the field. Key findings include advances in cell type identification and classification, single-cell epigenetics, and spatial transcriptomics.
Researchers developed a low-cost sensor that can diagnose heart attacks in minutes by targeting miRNA, distinguishing between acute heart attacks and reperfusion injuries. The technology addresses an unmet clinical need, offering improved diagnosis efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
Researchers studied Martian transverse aeolian ridges to identify interaction bounding surfaces, which provide insights into wind patterns and sediment supply. The study also examined the formation of individual marine terraces in response to rock uplift rates during multiple sea-level stands.
Researchers at GlaxoSmithKline and CCDC combined proprietary and published datasets to train machine learning models for predicting stable polymorphs in new drug candidates. The approach leverages the large volume and variety of data in the Cambridge Structural Database, resulting in more confident predictions and improved model accuracy.
Researchers at the University of Virginia Health System have identified 14 genes that can cause and three that can prevent weight gain, offering a promising lead in developing new treatments for obesity. The findings were made using a worm model of obesity and automation to test hundreds of genes.
Researchers from Tokyo Institute of Technology demonstrate that lead-vacancy centers in diamond exhibit dihedral symmetry and large ground state splitting, essential properties for quantum networks. The high-pressure high-temperature treatment recovers damaged crystal lattice, leading to long spin coherence time at higher temperatures.
A study suggests that immunity from natural infection is short-lived and can wane over time, increasing the risk of reinfection. This could lead to a shift in the disease's progression from pandemic to endemic, making vaccination crucial for those who have been naturally infected.
A team of researchers has identified a cellular mechanism that enables embryonic stem cells to maintain their state as stem cells. The study, published in Cell Reports, reveals the genetic ingredients required for ESCs to decide whether to divide or differentiate.
Researchers found that OHV drivers' motivations influence the routes they choose, with distinct patterns emerging for different groups. The study's findings can help managers predict which trails are likely to be used and craft targeted messages to promote responsible behavior and conservation-minded practices.
A study of metal-rich asteroids has found that they have surfaces with 85% metal such as iron and nickel, similar to stony-iron meteorites. The research also identified four possible asteroid families in the main asteroid belt, which may hold clues about their origins.
Researchers at Chinese Academy of Sciences discovered spin-polarization in fluid due to shear flow, predicting a new effect called shear-induced polarization (SIP). This discovery resolves the long-standing spin-sign puzzle and demonstrates a pattern similar to measured Lambda polarization in experiments.
Researchers found that COVID-19 patients with high blood sugar levels were more likely to develop severe lung dysfunction, require mechanical ventilation, and die. The study also suggests that SARS-CoV-2 may disrupt fat cells' production of adiponectin, a hormone regulating blood sugar levels.
Researchers at UIC will evaluate the effectiveness of integrated behavioral health care coordination on mental health outcomes for teens with intellectual and developmental disabilities. The study aims to identify better care coordination models to reduce barriers to access to behavioral health care for this vulnerable population.
Researchers have developed a device that uses two-dimensional hybrid metal halides to control terahertz radiation, outperforming conventional emitters in signal efficiency and cost. The 2D hybrid metal halide device is also thinner, lighter, and more robust than traditional terahertz generators.
A study published in JAMA Oncology found that the type of cancer treatment affects the vaccine response, with chemotherapy resulting in lower antibody levels. Vaccination is still recommended for cancer patients, but optimal protection requires ongoing measures.
The researchers will develop techniques to analyze the joint growth of the brain and cranium using MRI scans, helping clinicians better assess and diagnose developmental disorders. The project has the potential to provide invaluable insights into healthy child development, enabling early detection and effective treatment.
A study found that people living with overweight or obesity experience lower levels of care across eight quality markers, including emotional support and fast access. Healthcare professionals often make rude comments about weight, contributing to poor experiences.
Researchers discovered a link between genital warts and the human leukocyte antigen system, suggesting genetic variants influence risk. The study found protective gene variations that enhance immune responses against HPV, while risk alleles increase susceptibility to genital warts.
A team of scientists has investigated the impact of mechanical properties on epithelial tissues, finding that extracellular matrix stiffness dictates self-patterning and growth. The study's findings suggest a complex relationship between cell density and motility, with implications for aging and diagnostics of medical pathologies.
Researchers analyzed idle thoughts for 10 minutes to capture patterns of thinking, revealing a link between ruminative thinking and depression. Participants who scored high on a rumination questionnaire experienced negative thoughts that lasted longer than positive thoughts.
Researchers at Michigan State University have discovered a new role for glial cells in the enteric nervous system, which could lead to new treatments for intestinal illnesses. The study found that glia play an active role in modulating signals carried by neuronal circuits.
Researchers at Aalto University have developed a non-toxic alternative to traditional cyanide-based gold extraction processes. The new chloride-based method, called EDRR, achieves an impressive 84% gold recovery rate, surpassing the 64% recovered with traditional cyanide methods.
A new portable photodynamic therapy (PDT) device has been developed to treat basal cell carcinoma (BCC) at home, significantly reducing pain levels during treatment. The pilot study suggests that this at-home treatment is as effective as traditional hospital-based treatment and may have a huge impact on the global treatment of BCC.
Researchers at Arizona State University have created a bioinspired catalyst that lengthens the productive state of chemical reactions, mimicking the process of photosynthesis. By employing proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET), they successfully slowed charge recombination and improved catalytic efficiency.
Research found that human gut bacteria resist Vibrio cholerae attacks using various strategies, including polysaccharide capsules and self-killing mechanisms. The study suggests a potential for designing T6SS-shielded probiotic strains to restore defective colonization barriers.
A new study found women with recurrent urinary tract infections are unhappy with limited management options and fear the potential adverse effects of antibiotics. Researchers recommend modifying management strategies to address their concerns and devoting more research to improving non-antibiotic options for prevention and treatment.
A study by Brazilian researchers warns of extreme heat risks in northern Brazil due to savannization and climate change, posing a threat to human health and productivity. Approximately 12 million people may be exposed to extreme risk of heat stress by 2100, with severe economic implications.
Researchers found that bilinguals are better at spotting grammatical illusions, a type of manipulative discourse. Bilingual participants detected 56% of the constructions, while monolinguals only succeeded 39%. However, bilinguals needed more time to respond.
A University of Minnesota Medical School-led study found that patients on blood thinners before having COVID-19 were admitted less often to the hospital and had reduced deaths. The use of blood thinners also benefited hospitalized COVID-19 patients regardless of medication type or dose.
A study by Purdue University researchers has discovered a way to use gene therapy to turn glial brain cells into neurons, restoring visual function. This process is more efficient and less damaging than stem cell therapy, offering new hope for patients who have lost vision or motor skills after a stroke.
Researchers have developed a computational model demonstrating that climate-neutral plastics can be produced through a combination of plastic recycling, biomass, and carbon capture utilization. This approach reduces greenhouse gas emissions by up to 53% compared to current fossil-based manufacturing practices.
Research in mice reveals that coordinated clock-gene and neuronal activity rhythms are necessary for daily hormone release, with the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) working together to generate circadian rhythms. Disruption of these clocks can lead to various pathologies.
Researchers at Oregon State University have made history by describing the first fossilized grass ever discovered in Baltic amber. The findings provide valuable insights into the evolution of plant life during the Eocene epoch.
Research reveals that restrictive eating and eating disorders are associated with a higher risk of injuries in female athletes, particularly those participating in lean sports. Menstrual dysfunction also plays a role, with athletes reporting missed training days due to injuries.
Researchers have found a specific protein, circulating fatty acid synthase (cFAS), in the blood that can accurately detect severe peripheral artery disease and narrow the arteries in the legs. The study suggests that cFAS may contribute to plaque formation characteristic of cardiovascular disease.
A new study demonstrates that stories can alter judgment in early adolescents by shifting the importance of moral values. The research suggests that exposure to content featuring specific moral characteristics can absorb those traits as a building block for their own morality.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed new fluorescent proteins using unnatural amino acids, providing a better understanding of how they interact with biotin. The study's findings will aid in the development of novel protein-based sensors for studying biological systems.
A new EADV survey found that 47.9% of Europeans aged 18+ reported at least one skin condition in the past year, with fungal infections being the most common. The study, involving 44,689 adults from 27 countries, also revealed a lack of homogeneous data on the impact of skin diseases on quality of life.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have profiled individual cells from patients' brain tumors in unprecedented detail, revealing distinct states and programming marks that could be targeted with future drugs. The study offers insights into glioma dynamics and may lead to better detection, staging, monitoring, and treatment methods.
Researchers study heterogenous late Miocene extension in northern Walker Lane and find evidence of vertically decoupled crustal extension. Additionally, a new petrological study investigates the origin of alkali olivine basalts and hawaiites in the western Mexican arc, suggesting rapid phenocryst growth and magma mixing during ascent a...
Researchers have created a human disease model of FCMD using stem cells from a patient, which successfully mimicked the disorder's brain defects. The study found that a small compound called Mannan-007 can restore αDG glycosylation and reduce FCMD-related defects.
Scientists have discovered the working mechanism of an important class of drug target receptor proteins, shedding light on their role in the body's immune response. The study highlights a novel approach to targeting these receptors and blocking excessive cytokine release, which could lead to new treatments for COVID-19.
New studies show that patients with abnormal screening results may face significant out-of-pocket costs for follow-up tests, potentially delaying care. For women, colposcopy costs rose sharply over 13 years, with some facing bills of nearly $1,000. Lung cancer screening CT scans also led to high costs for invasive procedures.
A recent study published in Psychological Medicine found that individuals with a recorded history of cannabis use are three times more likely to develop common mental health problems such as depression and anxiety. They were also almost seven times more likely to develop severe mental illnesses like psychosis or schizophrenia.
Researchers use high-intensity X-rays to study a single catalyst nanoparticle's surface changes during chemical reactions. The study reveals how the surface composition affects activity, shedding light on industrial catalytic materials.
A team of researchers has identified a previously unknown condition, 'Zaki Syndrome', affecting children worldwide and discovered a potential treatment using the drug CHIR99021. The drug was able to boost WNT signals and restore development in developing fetuses, potentially preventing birth defects.
A new study from the University of Tartu aims to improve the detection of colorectal cancer by analyzing microbiome composition in sample tubes used for screening. The research found that these tubes can be used as a resource for biomarker discovery, potentially leading to earlier detection of cancer or precancerous states.
The University of Montana researchers found that climate change may shift ecosystems, making it challenging to conserve biodiversity in protected areas. The team used spatial climate analogs to examine the potential changes and recommend considering climate-driven shifts in patterns of biodiversity for effective conservation strategies.
The REDI program offers 40+ talented researchers the opportunity to fast-track their careers through enviable international experience and extensive peer networks. Researchers will have access to top researchers from industry and academia across 12 countries, as well as a once-in-a-lifetime residential year at RMIT in Melbourne.
Researchers are reconstructing life on the ISS over two decades to understand space culture and how astronauts interact with their tools and colleagues. The project uses digital photography, crowdsourcing, and archaeological surveys to document developments and changes within the station's lifestyle and cultural makeup.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine found that long-term use of insulin-releasing drugs may worsen insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes patients. This could lead to increased insulin levels and hyperinsulinemia, a precursor to the disease.
A multidisciplinary taskforce developed a Clinical Care Pathway for NAFLD/NASH, outlining practical guidance from screening to patient care management. The pathway aims to provide efficient, safe, and value-based care for patients with NAFLD and NASH, highlighting the importance of early interventions and shared decision-making.
Research provides insights on immune responses of kidney transplant recipients following SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study found that production of IgG antibodies against the virus was delayed in these individuals, but their IgM and IgA responses were similar to those observed in non-transplant individuals.
A new study from the University of Washington found that Republican-led states eased social distancing policies two weeks earlier than Democratic-led states, despite large Black communities being hit hardest by the pandemic. The researchers analyzed five policies and found that public health indicators played a role, but the influence ...
Researchers found that cancer patients on chemotherapy had a lower immune response to the first two doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. However, a third dose significantly boosted their immune response, reaching levels similar to those of healthy adults after two doses.
A new study projects that marine heatwaves will wipe out hundreds of thousands of tonnes of fish available for catch in a country's waters by the century's end. Researchers warn that extreme temperatures will exacerbate impacts on fisheries and human communities, leading to significant job losses.
Researchers found a twofold decrease in soil and gully erosion in the southern taiga region of the Vyatka river basin, mainly due to reduced tillage and animal husbandry. Climate change is not believed to be a significant contributor to erosion changes in this area.
A new study from Scripps Research Institute reveals a previously unrecognized way that nature solves the problem of persulfide instability, through the generation of helpful enzymes. The discovery provides researchers with a new method for generating potentially important sulfur-based molecules in the lab.
The American Psychiatric Association journals feature research on the mental health of community college students, diabetes, depression, and schizophrenia treatment. The findings extend and validate previous studies relevant to clinical psychiatry.