A new stem cell-based vaccine has demonstrated 75% protection against pancreatic cancer in a mouse study. The vaccine targets multiple antigens found on pancreatic cancer cells, potentially leading to a more durable immune response.
A team from Brown University has made a significant breakthrough in improving the long-term reliability of perovskite solar cells by creating a molecular glue that strengthens key interfaces. The treatment increases cells' stability, reliability, and efficiency, setting the stage for widespread adoption of clean energy technology.
A new study challenges the long-held notion that stepparents are responsible for negative outcomes in stepchildren. The research found that parental mortality has a negative impact on children under 18, especially for infants losing a mother, but does not affect stepchild mortality rates.
A new series in the Journal of Psychiatric Practice explores therapeutic risk management for violence, using a method called chain analysis. This approach identifies interventional strategies to disrupt the chain of reinforcement that leads to violent ideas and behaviors.
A review of international clinical practice guidelines found significant gaps in the physical and mental health needs of gender minority and trans people. Researchers highlight the need for better research to improve healthcare guidance, including addressing mortality and quality of life.
Research strongly links thin and brittle bones to increased heart attack and stroke risk in women. Thinning lower spine, top thigh bone, and hip were independently associated with a heightened risk, while osteoporosis was linked to a 79% higher cardiovascular disease risk.
Researchers from St. Petersburg State University and international partners successfully condense liquid light in a semiconductor material, paving the way for new lasers capable of producing qubits. This breakthrough could lead to the development of quantum transistors and significant advancements in computing.
Researchers have developed a new, high-power short-duration (HPSD) protocol for treating cardiac arrhythmias using radiofrequency energy and catheterization. The study shows this protocol is more effective than conventional ones in achieving shallower but extensive lesions, minimizing clinical complications.
Researchers develop a novel antiviral targeting Marburg virus, blocking its departure from infected cells. Preliminary results also show potential against SARS-CoV-2, with ongoing studies underway.
Research from Simon Fraser University suggests that remote learning leads to delayed sleep timing without increased overall sleep duration. Students slept later but did not sleep more, contrary to assumptions that would suggest better time management would lead to improved sleep habits.
Research published in Gut journal reveals a strong association between daily sugar-sweetened drink intake and increased risk of early-onset colorectal cancer. Women who consumed two or more drinks per day were nearly twice as likely to be diagnosed with bowel cancer before age 50, according to the study.
A new study by University of Copenhagen researchers reveals the key to maintaining long-term weight loss in people with obesity. Combining moderate-intensity exercise with appetite-inhibiting medication yields significant health benefits, including reduced blood sugar levels, improved fitness ratings, and muscle mass preservation.
A study found that most consumers misunderstand food date labels, with less than half knowing the meaning of 'BEST If Used By' and 'USE By' labels. Educational messaging improves understanding, but some consumers remain unattenuated to further explanations.
Researchers analyzed ice core data from Greenland to understand the relationship between sulfur dioxide emissions and sulfate aerosols. They found that sulfate levels have declined more slowly than sulfur dioxide emissions, especially in wintertime, due to a reaction that partially mitigates reductions.
Researchers at NIST successfully entangled two small aluminum drums, measuring the subtle statistical relationships between their motions. They analyzed radar-like signals to verify the fragile entanglement, demonstrating a new capability in large-scale quantum networks.
Researchers at the University of Stuttgart have successfully identified promising quantum bits in two-dimensional materials. The discovery enables robust generation, reading out, and control of quantum bits, paving the way for a new boost in quantum technologies.
Research from the University of Liverpool and Loughborough University has developed electrolyte formulations for lithium-oxygen batteries, significantly improving cycle stability. The technology could provide greater energy storage than conventional lithium-ion batteries.
Scientists from Okayama University have discovered a high-performance CO2 adsorption material in zeolites at room temperature. The discovery, reported in the Journal of Materials Chemistry A, opens up new possibilities for efficient air purification, including applications in space shuttles and concert halls.
A recent study published in Nature Astronomy has found evidence for three-dimensional (3D) spin-velocity alignment in pulsars. The research, conducted using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST), reveals new insights into the origins of these rapidly rotating neutron stars.
The study identifies novel non-coding RNAs involved in regulating vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) expression, which are key regulators of angiogenesis. These findings may lead to new therapeutic approaches for diseases such as atherosclerosis and ischemia.
Researchers found a link between specific gut bacteria species and physical manifestations of neurodegenerative diseases. The study showed that introducing certain bacteria into worms caused protein aggregation, a common symptom of these conditions. This finding may help explain the connection between gut bacteria and neurodegeneration.
Researchers from Utrecht University publish a consensus on what constitutes an organoid, highlighting the importance of using primary cells for personalized therapies. The new system categorizes organoids into three types based on defining characteristics, providing clarity for future research and clinical applications.
Researchers aim to identify adrenal insufficiency in sepsis patients before glucocorticoid therapy. The study's findings suggest that supplementing glucocorticoids may not be necessary or beneficial for all patients, potentially leading to improved patient outcomes.
Researchers warn that hydrogen-based fuels are not a straightforward solution for climate targets, as they come with significant costs and energy losses. Direct electrification alternatives are often more economic and efficient.
A new study found that women with possible heart attacks are triaged less urgently, wait longer to be seen, and undergo fewer tests than men. Women were also less likely to receive cardiac monitoring or be seen by a consultant.
Gemma C. Solomon, a professor at the University of Copenhagen, receives the prestigious Elite Research Prize 2021 for her groundbreaking research on molecules that can help solve current and future problems. Her work has the potential to revolutionize our use of power and heat in green transition.
Research suggests that supporting mothers' mental health can improve their ability to engage in protective forms of play with children, reducing the risk of behavioral problems. Mothers with minimal anxiety were more likely to play pretend games with their children, leading to improved social and emotional skills.
Researchers screened over 60,000 blood samples from asymptomatic individuals for IgG antibody to the viral spike protein, finding strong correlations between high anti-S IgG levels and neutralizing activity. The study also showed age-related differences in antibody responses and a higher prevalence of COVID-19 among African Americans.
Significant levels of depressive, anxiety and post-traumatic stress symptoms were reported by 26%, 22% and 17% respectively among patients with mild COVID-19 disease. These findings highlight the need for early mental health intervention to prevent incident mental health problems.
A single archaeal enzyme can produce a wide range of natural and unnatural cardiolipins, as well as other phospholipids. This promiscuous enzyme has potential biotechnological applications for the production of self-designed membranes.
Scientists are examining the metabolic transition in chickens, from fat-rich diet as embryos to high-carbohydrate diet after hatch. This research aims to optimize nutrition for healthy growth and gain insights into liver function to prevent metabolic disease in humans and other species.
A team of researchers from University of Waterloo and others have identified the remains of Warrant Officer John Gregory using DNA and genealogical analyses. This is the first member of the ill-fated 1845 Franklin expedition to be positively identified through DNA.
Researchers analyzed inner ear anatomy in extinct and living species to understand dinosaur sensory biology and behavior. The studies found clear patterns relating the shape of the semi-circular canal and cochlea to movement ability and hearing high-frequency sound.
A new survey found that one in six US adults (16%) are staying in jobs they might otherwise leave out of fear of losing their employer-sponsored health insurance. Black workers are 50% more likely to stay in an unwanted job than their White and Hispanic counterparts.
The world's vast population of people, pets, and livestock has created an ideal environment for the evolution and transmission of zoonotic infectious diseases. To mitigate this threat, experts recommend using vaccination passports, maximizing genetic variation in livestock, and reducing animal protein consumption.
Damage to the epithelial barrier is responsible for a wide range of chronic diseases, including allergies, autoimmune disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions. Research suggests that environmental toxins and pollutants play a significant role in causing these disruptions, emphasizing the need for prevention and intervention strategies.
Researchers at MIT have found a way to control antiferromagnetic switching in neodymium nickelate, enabling potentially faster and more secure data storage. The discovery could lead to new types of memory devices using antiferromagnets.
Eliminating race-based adjustments in equations to estimate kidney function may lead to significant changes in medication prescribing practices for Black adults, according to a new study. The findings suggest that this change could result in lower eGFR values and potentially impact treatment outcomes for diabetic patients.
A winning consortium led by Ben-Gurion University and Arizona State University will receive up to $6 million under a U.S.-Israel Energy Center research funding grant. The project aims to develop technologies to mitigate cyberattacks on energy infrastructure using data analytics, artificial intelligence, and machine learning.
A new AI-powered ECG screening tool detected asymptomatic low ejection fraction in patients with improved diagnosis rates. The study found that the AI intervention increased the diagnosis of low ejection fraction by 32% relative to usual care.
Three carbon-based materials have been predicted to exhibit omnidirectional auxetic behavior due to their negative Poisson's ratio. The findings suggest that these materials could be useful in photovoltaic devices or as light-powered catalysts.
Researchers at CoReLS have realized the highest laser intensity ever reached, exceeding 1023 W/cm2. This achievement allows for the exploration of extreme physical conditions and novel physical phenomena, such as Compton scattering and photon-photon scattering in nonlinear regimes.
A new global atlas of ungulate (hooved mammal) migrations will help governments and conservationists identify threats to migratory species and advance conservation measures. The initiative, launched with UN support, aims to sustain wildlife migrations in the face of expanding human footprint.
A KAIST research team creates T-GPS, enabling the processing of large-scale graphs without storing them in main memory or on disks. This allows for faster computation and reduced costs compared to traditional approaches.
A team of environmental engineers has presented a model that predicts where a disease will spread from an outbreak, in what patterns and how quickly. The model, based on data from county health agencies, shows similar patterns across regions, including urban and rural areas.
The University of Chicago Medicine's emergency department continued routine HIV screening alongside COVID-19 testing during the pandemic. The number of HIV tests remained at pre-pandemic levels, while the rate of acute HIV diagnoses rose. This successful implementation is attributed to targeted efforts and a strong partnership between ...
A research team at Washington State University has developed an improved computational method to detect improper gerrymandering using the open source tool GerryChain. The tool creates a pool of alternate maps that meet legal voting criteria, allowing observers to detect extreme outliers and identify potential partisan goals.
Research reveals a significant rise in frequent cannabis vaping among US high school seniors between 2018 and 2019. The study found that frequent use increased by 131.4%, with notable increases among female students, those 18 years or older, and students who used other drugs within the past year.
A recent study found that obesity, particularly class II and III, is associated with a higher risk of death, severe pneumonia, and intubation in both men and women with COVID-19. However, the association was stronger in men than women, suggesting that obesity may be a more significant risk factor for death from COVID-19 in men.
Professor Cyrus Cooper has been recognized with the European Calcified Tissue Society's (ECTS) Steven Boonen Clinical Research Award for his significant progress and contribution to bone clinical bone disease research. The award honors his work on osteoporosis, metabolic bone disease, and fracture prevention.
A team of researchers has created a molecular catalog of cells in healthy lungs and those affected by cystic fibrosis. The study reveals new subtypes of cells and sheds light on the cellular changes that occur in the airways, providing potential targets for future genetic therapies.
The latest study reveals that vertebrate dentitions evolved independently, with complex tooth structures gaining and losing throughout evolution. This contradicts the long-held view of sharks reflecting ancestral conditions for tooth development.
Researchers analyzed over 19,000 breastfeeding-related tweets to identify negative and positive themes affecting breastfeeding behaviors. The study found new factors influencing breastfeeding, such as fear of biting, and proposed interventions to address these issues, including technological aids and workplace accommodations.
Cosmologists have found a way to double the accuracy of measuring distances to supernova explosions, enabling precise study of dark energy. The Nearby Supernova Factory collaboration has developed a new method that quadruples the number of supernovae used, allowing for more accurate measurements and reducing biases.
A new study from Yale University reveals that the shape of a dinosaur's inner ear can provide reliable signs about its behavior, including flying ability, movement, and parenting. The research found clusters of species with similar inner ear traits corresponding to their behaviors.
A Monash University-led study combines computer simulations with live seal footage to explain the origins of efficient swimming in seals. The research reveals that different swimming styles evolved within the same seal group, with some species using wing-like front flippers for speed and agility.
A new study found that moderate alcohol intake is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease, possibly due to reduced stress-related brain activity. The findings suggest that low or moderate drinking may be beneficial for heart health without the drawbacks of excessive drinking.
The Bureau of Reclamation is providing $2.5 million to support 12 projects advancing snow measurement technology and improving water supply forecasting. The initiatives will enhance snow monitoring programs and leverage satellite data to better predict snowmelt and reservoir operations.
The FAU/NCHA Community Health Center has been designated as a 'Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) Look-Alike' by the US Health Resources and Services Administration. This designation enables the center to expand and enhance services for underserved populations in Palm Beach County.
A study found that social factors such as education and financial stability significantly impact an individual's ability to prevent the spread of COVID-19. The researchers urge a greater focus on ensuring access to vaccines and precautionary measures for disadvantaged groups.
A research team at KICT has developed a fully-automated peak-picking method for extracting modal frequencies in stay-cables without prior setting or human manipulation. The method utilizes domain knowledge based on the physical characteristics of stay-cables, outperforming state-of-the-art methods in terms of accuracy and robustness.
Researchers at UC3M's 4D-BIOMAP project have developed magneto-active polymers that can alter mechanical properties, stiffness, and shape. These materials could be used in epithelial wound healing stimulation, soft robots, and artificial muscles, revolutionizing biomedical engineering.
A team of researchers has developed a molecular catalog of cells in healthy lungs and those with cystic fibrosis, revealing new subtypes of cells and how the disease alters their composition. This discovery could help scientists identify prime targets for future genetic therapies.
Scientists at Salk Institute successfully transformed tobacco and corn husks into silicon carbide (SiC) while sequestering up to 50,000-fold more carbon from seed to lab-grown plant. The process retains about 14 percent of the plant-captured carbon, offering a potential solution for climate change mitigation.
Researchers found that COVID-19 patients enrolled in home monitoring programs had significantly lower healthcare use compared to those not enrolled. This suggests that home monitoring can help reduce unnecessary healthcare utilization, improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs.
Researchers have experimentally confirmed that magnetic graphene can generate large spin signals and transfer spin information over long distances. This discovery paves the way for the development of ultra-compact 2D spin-logic devices with strong spin-polarization, promising high-speed and energy-saving electronics.
The American Society for Nutrition (ASN) has inducted 15 individuals into its Class of 2021 Fellows, honoring their significant discoveries and distinguished careers in nutrition. The ASN Class of 2021 Fellows will be recognized during the virtual meeting NUTRITION 2021 LIVE ONLINE.
A new study found significant variation in PCB concentrations among Icelandic orcas, with those eating mixed diets having up to 9 times higher levels. This contradicts earlier research and highlights the need for individualized assessments of health risks in killer whale populations.
A new study reveals that skin's epidermis layer is comprised of an army of immune cells that station themselves at regular intervals across the skin. When necessary, these cells reposition themselves to protect vulnerable areas, forming a dynamic surveillance system.
Researchers developed the COVID Control app, which predicts COVID-19 outbreaks using user-reported symptoms and correlates with increased coronavirus prevalence in Baltimore City. The study showed that new loss of taste or smell was a strong predictor of confirmed cases, averaging five days before an outbreak.
The AgMIP Regional Integrated Assessment methodology provides a stakeholder-driven approach to understanding climate change impacts on agriculture. The project assesses the most vulnerable groups of farmers and develops effective solutions for adaptation and resilience planning.
A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital has uncovered five genetic locations associated with progression in Parkinson's disease, identifying potential new targets for treatment. The research also developed a risk score to predict progression to dementia, a key factor in quality of life.
Researchers have successfully demonstrated direct observation and measurement of quantum entanglement at a macroscopic scale using vibrating membranes. This breakthrough enables the extension of measurements to larger systems, with potential implications for quantum computing and fundamental physics research.
Scientists have discovered nano-scaled apoptotic bodies as a new brain-targeting drug carrier, overcoming the blood-brain barrier challenge. The small apoptotic bodies (sABs) are stable in serum, have a long circulating time, and high drug loading efficiency, making them a promising candidate for drug delivery.
The study reveals that random close packing of spheres exhibits common universal critical properties, despite the diversity of its details. The researchers showed that jammed states are marginally stable and can be described under a unified framework.
A new study found that the tiny desert-living dinosaur Shuvuuia had extraordinary vision and owl-like hearing for nocturnal life in the Mongolian desert. The team measured the size of the eyes and inner ears of over 100 bird and dinosaur species, revealing that Shuvuuia's lagena was almost identical in relative size to today's barn owl.
Researchers at Aalto University developed a method to determine safe drug doses for children by analyzing organ maturation models. This approach accounts for differences in organ performance between adults and children, reducing bias and increasing efficiency.
Recent studies refute the theory that excessive carbohydrate consumption leads to insulin-driven weight gain. Instead, basal insulin levels in response to energy balance are key to regulating weight gain, suggesting alternative models for body fat regulation.
Patients with transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) are at higher risk for severe COVID-19 due to multisystem disease overlap and comorbidities. Experts recommend specialized care, social distancing measures, and increased vigilance for ATTR patients developing COVID-19.
A study published in International Immunology found that a tropical ginger-derived compound, ACA, attenuates mitochondrial damage and reduces inflammation by blocking the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. This suggests ACA may be a promising therapeutic strategy for diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
Researchers developed nanosized cargo packages that can deliver water-soluble proteins into cancer cells while keeping them intact. The 'nanobrushes' use polymer strands with antibodies on the outside and protected proteins within.
A study reveals significant epigenetic differences in the cerebellum of humans, chimpanzees, and monkeys, highlighting its importance in human brain evolution. The findings suggest that the cerebellum played a key role in the development of human culture, language, and tool use.
Scientists have successfully generated a Bose-Einstein Condensate out of exciton-polaritons, enabling the creation of the smallest possible solid-state lasers. This phenomenon holds promise for technological advancements in optoelectronic circuits.
A new study reveals that while most COVID-19 patients fully recover, approximately one-third still experience persistent lung changes and reduced oxygen transfer efficiency. Women are more likely to suffer from these effects.
The Novavax Covid-19 vaccine demonstrated an overall efficacy of 49% in the initial analysis and 60% among healthy adults without HIV, providing protection against mild disease caused by the B.1.351 variant prevalent in South Africa. The updated analysis showed 100% protection against severe Covid-19 due to the B.1.351 variant.
Researchers found evidence of bronze scrap being used as cash in Europe during the late Bronze Age (1350-800 BC), challenging traditional notions of money's emergence. This practice spread across Western Eurasia, paving the way for a global market.
A recent review analyzed over 2,000 species in the Alps, finding that many have shifted their life cycles earlier and are moving higher up the elevational gradient as climate change intensifies. This shift is often lagging behind the rate of climate change, with some species experiencing little or no elevation change.
Researchers developed a rapid-testing method to check cleaning protocols in commercial food processing plants. The ATP swab test detected microorganisms on surfaces, improving environmental hygiene and product quality. The study showed that targeted cleaning can reduce the risk of foodborne illnesses.
Researchers developed a new method to generate syngas from biopolyols using photocatalytic biomass conversion at room temperature, exhibiting high efficiency and selectivity. The catalyst featuring surface sulfate ions increased electron-proton transfer, promoting syngas production with 9-fold higher CO generation rate.
Researchers found that retinoblastoma survivors who received treatment began to recover their early learning and life skills by age 10. The study highlights the importance of early intervention to promote growth and development in young children with retinoblastoma.
A study by Toronto researchers found that Baker's yeast cells employ a consistent network of gene interactions to coordinate growth in response to various environments. The majority of genetic interactions remained present across different conditions, revealing the stability of the cellular genetic program.
Scientists identify apoE protein's role in regulating immune-response molecules within neurons, leading to selective neurodegeneration. High levels of apoE trigger the expression of MHC-I genes, marking neurons for destruction and contributing to Alzheimer's disease progression.
A study published in JAMA found that two doses of a COVID-19 vaccine provide some protection for people with solid organ transplants, but not enough to dispense with masks and physical distancing. Immunocompromised patients should continue to practice strict COVID-19 safety measures after vaccination.
Scientists experimentally verify exotic surface conduction states in topological semimetals, materials that conduct on the surface but insulate inside. A new study reveals a coupled pair of electronic Weyl orbits under a magnetic field, opening doors to controlling these phenomena via external fields and interface engineering.
A new protein analysis tool, called BGIS, can quickly assess protein function with no special equipment needed. This breakthrough could accelerate basic science and medical discoveries by identifying proteins' functions and regulating their activities.
Researchers enrolled 50 Black and 50 white men with advanced prostate cancer to test hormone therapy abiraterone acetate plus prednisone. They found that Black men's PSA levels dropped further and more frequently, but disease progression and survival times were similar.
Sergei Kalinin, a senior distinguished member at the Microscopy Society of America, has been elected as a Fellow. He is recognized for his pioneering work in quantitative scanning probe and scanning transmission electron microscopy. His research focuses on applying artificial intelligence to advanced electron and scanning probe microsc...
Researchers have demonstrated a record-high laser pulse intensity of over 1023 W/cm2 to study complex interactions between light and matter. This achievement will enable exploration of high-energy cosmic rays and the development of new sources for cancer treatment.
A team of scientists has developed a phonon probe that uses optical fibers to create high-resolution 3D images of biological cells and tissue. The device achieves lateral resolution of 2.5 μm and can measure object height with 45 nm precision, opening up new possibilities for non-destructive diagnostics.
Researchers adapted their laser-induced graphene technique to create fine patterns of graphene in photoresist polymers for use in consumer electronics and other applications. The new process allows for the production of high-resolution, micron-scale lines of conductive graphene, comparable to those achieved by more cumbersome processes.
A study of charging patterns on a University of California San Diego campus found that DC fast chargers were less affected by the pandemic, with usage returning to near-normal levels. The researchers recommend deploying additional DCFCs on campus and beyond to support growing EV adoption.
The study found a significant association between the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine and decreased risk of symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in hospital employees. Hospital employees who received the vaccine had lower rates of infection compared to those who did not receive the vaccine.
To reach its goal of 70% renewable energy generation by 2030, New York state will need to utilize lower-grade agricultural land and dual-use (agrivoltaics) options for solar energy development. This approach can help alleviate public concerns and mitigate negative economic activity in rural communities.
A new study reveals that nearly 1 in 5 adults with high blood pressure are taking medications that could elevate their blood pressure. Researchers identified three common culprits: antidepressants, NSAIDs, and oral steroids, which were reported by 9%, 7%, and 2% of participants, respectively.
Healthcare workers who received the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine had lower incidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections. The study found a significant association between vaccination with the BNT162b2 vaccine and reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections among healthcare workers.
Great reed warblers climb to record-breaking daytime cruising altitudes of up to 6,200 meters when crossing the Mediterranean Sea and Sahara Desert. This previously unknown behavior may help explain the evolution of nocturnal migration in migratory birds.
A new study found a link between drinking sugar-sweetened beverages and an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer in women under age 50. Heavy consumption during adolescence and young adulthood can increase disease risk, suggesting public health efforts to reduce sugar intake may be beneficial.
Researchers discovered a new species of bacteria, Sphingobacterium phlebotomi, in sand fly rearing substrates that attracts pregnant females, offering a potential tool for reducing sand fly populations and preventing diseases like Leishmaniasis. The bacterium's volatile chemicals can be used to create ecologically safe baits or traps.
Researchers have designed new materials with tailored properties by combining different components, offering targeted design options for future functional materials. They discovered a physical effect that enables tuning the color of lighting technologies in a simple way.
A new study led by Kotaro Sasaki elucidates the early biological processes involved in the development of ovaries and testes in human embryos. Researchers analyzed single-cell transcriptome data to understand gene expression at each developmental stage, providing insights into typical and atypical gonadal development.
A study on India's successful polio vaccination program reveals that managerial strategies, including bundling healthcare services, engaging stakeholders, and implementing accountability mechanisms, were crucial to its success. The findings highlight the importance of addressing social trust and political vulnerability in mass vaccinat...
Researchers at Aalto University have successfully evaded the uncertainty principle by measuring the position and momentum of vibrating drumheads. This experiment allows for the characterization of extremely weak forces and provides evidence of quantum entanglement in macroscopic objects.
Researchers found that tumors can take up significant amounts of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel and that manipulating signaling pathways involved in nutrient uptake can enhance its consumption, boosting treatment efficacy
The study reveals that glacial lake outburst floods in the Himalayan region and Tibetan plateau could triple in the coming decades, posing a significant threat to communities and infrastructure. The risk of transboundary disasters will also increase, with new hotspots emerging in regions like the Western Himalaya and Pamir.
A global review of natural disasters reveals a significant increase in violence against women and girls, with stressors like trauma and financial insecurity emerging as key triggers. The study emphasizes the need for gender-sensitive policies and inclusion of women in disaster management to prevent such violence.
A study published in Experimental Physiology found increased stiffness of arteries in young adults after COVID-19, potentially leading to cardiovascular complications. The researchers are following the participants for 6 months to observe any improvements or long-term effects.
Advanced-stage kidney cancer is more common among Hispanic Americans and Native Americans than non-Hispanic whites in Arizona. The study found that Arizona's Hispanic Americans have a two times higher risk of advanced-stage kidney cancer, while Native Americans face a 30% increased risk.
Researchers develop first complete reference method to measure natural brightness of night sky, revealing complex factors affecting glow in upper layers of atmosphere. The study uses network of low-cost photometers to analyze data from 44 darkest places worldwide.
A new study tracked large sharks in Miami and The Bahamas to understand their responses to major storms like hurricanes. Researchers found that different shark species behaved differently by species and location, with some evacuating shallow waters while others remained or even increased in numbers after the storm passed.
Researchers have identified five additional specimens of a 240-million-year-old ichthyosaur, named Besanosaurus leptorhynchus, providing new information on its anatomy, diet, and exceptionally large adult size. The species is the earliest large-sized marine diapsid with a long and narrow snout.
A new study published by the University of Turku found that children born in December are almost twice as likely to be diagnosed with a learning disorder. The study included nearly 400,000 children born between 1996 and 2002 and showed no correlation between ADHD diagnosis and learning disability risk.
Researchers at DOE's Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory receive $2 million in funding to investigate magnetic reconnection and plasma blobs that can disrupt communications satellites. They aim to recreate conditions in the magnetosphere using a device resembling an enormous silvery barrel tipped on its side.
New research from the University of Virginia School of Medicine reveals that sleep can increase the risk of sudden death in people with epilepsy. Seizures disrupt the body's natural regulation of sleep-related changes, leading to a slower heart rate and potentially deadly consequences.
Most human origins stories are incompatible with the fossils found today, according to a new review that argues for the importance of fossil apes in understanding human evolution. The study examines the major discoveries in hominin origins since Darwin's time and finds that relying on living apes alone is insufficient.
A study by the American Psychological Association found that people who feel younger have better cognitive functioning, lower inflammation, and a lower risk of hospitalization compared to those who feel older. The researchers suggest that feeling younger could help buffer middle-aged and older adults against stress's negative effects.
A Penn Medicine study reveals that opioid supply shortages in emergency departments can lead to a decrease in opioid use, but no significant change in dosing. The shortage led to a shift from IV opioid use to oral formulations.
A patient support program for people with autoimmune diseases and complex medication regimens can help them avoid using opioids or reduce their use. The study found that patients in the program were 13% less likely to start taking opioid pain medications and 26% less likely to fill two or more opioid prescriptions.
A modified 5:2 diet has shown promising results in reducing scaling and thickness of skin symptoms in psoriasis patients. The study found a significant reduction in Psoriasis severity after following the MIF diet, with 30% of patients reporting a decrease in itching.
A recent study published in the Journal of Law and Society suggests that children are more prone to pleading guilty even when innocent due to their brain development and information processing abilities. The researchers argue that this can lead to inaccurate convictions and recommend tailored protection for young defendants.
A team of scientists at the Paul Scherrer Institute has discovered 27 binding sites on tubulin, a critical protein in the cell cytoskeleton. Eleven of these sites were previously unknown and hold promise for developing new cancer-fighting agents.
Researchers have discovered a new method to track oxygen levels in the ancient oceans by analyzing tungsten isotopes. This breakthrough may provide valuable insights into the evolution of life on Earth and its ability to thrive under various environmental conditions.
A new study by UCSF found that 9 out of 10 clinicians support using telehealth for outpatient care, despite concerns about diagnostic accuracy. Clinicians reported challenges with speech, hearing, and cognitive barriers, as well as limited internet access and language barriers.
A recent study uses phylogenetic methods to integrate vertical and horizontal gene transmission, revealing that genes travel vertically two-thirds of the time. This analysis predicts a root between two major clades, Terrabacteria and Gracilicutes, shedding light on early bacterial evolution.
A study by the University of Basel found that exercise training helps improve motor skills in children born prematurely, leading to better impulse control and reduced behavioral problems. This targeted training may also reduce cognitive limitations, providing essential support for these children as they grow into teenagers.
A UMass Amherst research team has engineered a nanoparticle that can deliver cancer-fighting drugs to specific cells, reducing side effects. The innovation combines biologics and antibody-drug conjugates, enabling safer treatments for various genetic diseases.
Researchers found a significant association between COVID-19-related income loss and financial strain with depressive symptoms, independent of anxiety. Participants who experienced a decrease in income over the study period reported an increase in depressive symptoms.
A new study by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that COVID-19 vaccination significantly reduced asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in employees, with a 79% risk reduction compared to unvaccinated peers.
A study found that consuming two cans of sardines a week reduced the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 31% in elderly patients with prediabetes. The nutrient-rich fish helped lower insulin resistance, increase HDL cholesterol and improve glucose metabolism.
Scientists have developed a novel artificial color-changing material that can detect seafood freshness by changing color in response to amine vapors released by microbes as fish spoils. The material has the potential to be used in various applications, including stretchable electronics and dynamic camouflaging robots.
Researchers found that calcium ions trigger the exposure of phosphatidylserine on the surface of necrotic cells, activating an enzyme that promotes their clearance. This process is crucial for maintaining body health and preventing tissue damage caused by unremoved dead cells.
The JAMA Health Forum has transitioned from an online health policy channel to a peer-reviewed, open-access online journal. The journal is focused on health policy, health care systems, and global and public health, with an editorial team led by John Z. Ayanian and Melinda B. Buntin.
A study suggests that vaccinating older age groups first can significantly reduce disease transmission, mortality, and long-term health impacts. The research found that prioritizing the elderly and medically vulnerable ahead of younger people yields the greatest impact in minimizing loss of life.
The LSE-Lancet Commission calls for increased funding to improve health and care in the UK, with a focus on workforce, disease prevention, and integration of services. The report warns of chronic weaknesses in the NHS, including underfunding, poor coordination, and staffing shortfalls, if action is not taken.
Researchers discovered a novel biomarker, AR CAG repeat length, which is associated with COVID-19 disease severity in men. A prospective study of 65 hospitalised COVID-19 positive men found that males with a CAG repeat below 22 nucleotides were significantly less likely to be admitted into ICU.
Scientists have found that a Mediterranean-like dietary pattern with high intake of vegetables, legumes, and fish may reduce protein deposits in the brain and prevent brain atrophy. The study suggests that adhering to this diet could lower the risk of Alzheimer's disease and dementia.
Scientists found that LCH is caused by senescent cells with a BRAF mutation, leading to inflammation and organ damage. A new study suggests using senolytics to treat the disease, offering hope for patients who have not responded to chemotherapy.
A new study published in the Journal of Infectious Diseases found that vaccinating half the US population by summer can prevent 5.8 million cases and $7.8 billion in societal costs. Increasing vaccination coverage to 70% can save even more lives and reduce medical costs.
A study found that psychological distress after a heart attack doubles the risk of subsequent cardiac events in younger adults. Researchers also discovered an association between inflammation and cardiovascular risk among patients experiencing high distress.
Research from University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Yale University suggests that temperature explains why tropical waters have a higher biodiversity. However, global warming could reduce this diversity as temperatures rise, potentially leading to extinctions.
Researchers have found a new feature in the diffuse aurora, where sections of the background-like glow disappear and then reappear after a short period. This phenomenon, dubbed 'diffuse auroral erasers,' has never been mentioned in scientific literature and raises questions about its frequency and potential impact on Earth's climate.
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital scientists have developed an integrated system to better understand and possibly manipulate gene expression for treatment of disorders like sickle cell disease and beta thalassemia. The new method identified dozens of DNA regulatory elements that orchestrate fetal-to-adult hemoglobin switch, offeri...
A new report by the University of Birmingham reveals that only 41.4% of respondents in a UK-wide survey expressed interest in participating in COVID-19 vaccine trials. The study found that male graduates, those aged 40-49 and 50-59, and individuals with no health issues were more likely to be interested, while Black Asian Minority Ethn...
Researchers at Texas A&M University have developed a new metal-free, recyclable polypeptide battery that degrades on demand, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional lithium-ion batteries. This breakthrough technology uses polypeptides, components of proteins, to create a non-toxic and recyclable power source.
A Lancaster University research team has created a groundbreaking interactive paper using the Gather Town platform, allowing for parallel conversations and collaborative 'writing'. The innovative prototype aims to collapse barriers between video conferencing, research conferences, and publication traditions.
Researchers found that sharks rely on magnetic fields to guide them during long-distance migrations. Bonnethead sharks were used in experiments, which showed that they orient themselves based on the magnetic field, even when exposed to fields outside their natural range.
A team of researchers developed an AI technique to accurately detect sarcasm in social media text. The model identifies patterns and cue words that indicate sarcasm, enabling more effective customer feedback analysis.
A new UCSF study reports that cancer patients experience a deep sense of loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic, with 53% of participants classified as lonely. The study also found higher levels of depression, fatigue, and sleep disturbance among lonely patients.