Researchers have identified a promising drug target for treating and preventing aggressive, drug-resistant prostate cancer. Inhibiting the protein H6PD leads to significantly reduced tumor sizes and improved survival among mouse models with drug-resistant prostate cancer.
Even among insured individuals, up to 10% of cancer survivors delayed follow-up care due to financial constraints. Financial stress and anxiety hinder timely survivorship care, particularly among vulnerable populations such as racial minorities, women, and those with lower incomes.
Researchers developed new methodologies to analyze evanescent wave-induced scattering in transmission SAXS for semi-crystalline polymers. The methods provided information on lamellar thickness and long period of lamellar stacks.
The study highlights the need for better understanding of terms, rules, and procedures used in GHG emission inventories. Research communities must provide methodological guidance to improve countries' GHG inventories, while also benefiting from their data.
Researchers found that houses with higher floors had significantly fewer female Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes, with a 84% reduction at 3m. This could lead to comparable reductions in malaria transmission. The study suggests elevating homes may be an effective intervention in sub-Saharan Africa.
Researchers discovered six clearly distinguishable call types among neotropical river otters in Brazil, ranging from high-frequency 'chirps' to low-pitch 'growls'. This vocal complexity is intermediate between solitary and highly social otter species, providing new insights into their conservation.
Researchers found that Tasmanian devils' genome has undergone widespread evolution in response to transmissible cancer, but distinct sets of genes are involved at different timescales. The study suggests that conservation efforts should focus on maintaining genetic diversity across a wide set of functionally important genes.
Researchers developed an infrared thermal imaging camera to assess filarial lymphoedema status. The tool helps monitor disease progression and detect sub-clinical cases, improving diagnosis and care for those affected by this devastating tropical disease.
Researchers analyzed studies on COVID-19 persistent symptoms, finding a range of duration and intensity. The study suggests that not all patients recover fully from the virus.
According to NIH scientists, Salmonella bacteria establish a foothold in the GI tract by hijacking intestinal epithelial cell response, driving colonization and fecal shedding. This process fuels the bacteria's ability to invade neighboring cells and seed the intestine for transmission.
Hurricanes of higher categories generate significantly more Twitter attention than lower-category storms, even in cases of similar damage and loss of life. The study highlights the importance of online attention in the aftermath of natural disasters.
A new study from Columbia University found that young adults with schizophrenia have the highest suicide risk and those aged 65 and older have the lowest. People with schizophrenia overall have a 4.5-fold increased risk of dying from suicide.
Researchers at CNIC have discovered a specific blood marker for myocarditis, allowing clinicians to distinguish the disease from other cardiomyopathies. The biomarker, miR-721, was validated in numerous hospitals and has high sensitivity and specificity (>90%) for myocarditis diagnosis.
Researchers at St. Petersburg State University have created a new theory and experimental methods to separate spectral signals from amyloid fibrils, overcoming obstacles faced by previous studies. This breakthrough may aid in the development of new drugs for neurodegenerative diseases.
A global study found that each city has a distinct microbial signature, with over 4,246 known species identified. The research also revealed a core set of 31 species found in 97% of samples across urban areas.
A new plasmofluidic chip enables fast and accurate PCR tests in under 13 minutes, offering a significant improvement over current RT-PCR methods. The device uses gold nanoislands to rapidly heat and cool samples, reducing testing time without sacrificing amplification efficiency.
Researchers from NUS Cancer Science Institute have discovered a link between high levels of DNA repair protein RAD51 and platinum chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer patients. This finding could help identify patients who may require novel immunotherapy approaches to improve treatment outcomes.
Researchers analyzed state health department COVID-19 vaccine website accessibility and usability, finding challenges that create frustration and contribute to ineffective vaccination efforts. The study highlights the need for improved accessibility and usability in healthcare websites to promote equitable health outcomes.
Researchers analyzed COVID-19 swab samples from California counties and found the new variant was more transmissible, infecting people who already had COVID-19. Vaccines showed higher neutralization rates against the variant than antibodies from previously infected patients.
Researchers discovered that one species of tamarin adopts another's call patterns to communicate and avoid conflict in the Brazilian Amazon. The study found that red-handed tamarins adopt pied tamarins' long calls when entering their territory, potentially to identify each other more easily and avoid territorial disputes.
Researchers measured opioid-related mortality in Ontario, Canada during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study found a significant increase in fatal opioid overdoses, highlighting the need for enhanced healthcare responses to address this growing crisis.
Researchers developed a smart electronic platform to monitor mental wellbeing between doctor visits, using facial cues, voice patterns, and vital signs sensors. The technology provides continuous access to patient variables and status, enabling care teams to reach out to patients in need.
Researchers discovered a rare iron mineral in the teeth of a large mollusk called chiton. The finding helps understand how the tooth is designed to endure chewing on rocks, and inspired the development of a bio-inspired ink for 3D printing.
A study using real-world air traffic control data found that vaccination programs alone may not stop the ongoing second wave of COVID-19 infections in the US. Strict social distancing measures remain necessary to prevent a new wave, according to researchers.
Researchers from iPSYCH have identified 33 new genetic variants associated with bipolar disorder, more than doubling the number of known genetic risk factors. These variants play a role in brain functions and signalling between nerve cells, providing potential ideas for new treatments.
A team of scientists has found that fluids play a key role in deep-focus earthquakes, which occur between 300 and 700 kilometers below the planet's surface. The research suggests that water carried down from oceanic plates was instrumental in creating these mysterious events.
A research team has developed a new synthetic approach for controlling functional group assemblies in porous solids by using cage-based framework, metal-organic polyhedra. This method yields identical functional groups on each cage unit and offers improved solvatochromic behavior compared to traditional mixing strategies.
Recent warming leads to a weakening of global dust storm activity, according to researchers from Tianjin University. The study found that changes in wind patterns and atmospheric stability are responsible for the decrease in dust storm frequency and intensity.
A new strategy using massive molecular dynamics simulations has been proposed to improve the energy density and power density of EDLCs with ILs. By introducing ionophobicity, the researchers found a significant enhancement in overall performance, particularly with an extremely ionophobic electrode.
Researchers will use accurate weather forecasts to anticipate food shortages, poaching, and other threats to elephants, allowing conservation groups to take action weeks or months in advance. The project aims to reduce human-elephant conflict and help at-risk species withstand climate change.
Researchers have developed a novel AI technology, Swarm Learning, to analyze big data in decentralized fashion, enabling private and collaborative analysis of scientific data. The approach combines machine learning with blockchain technology, allowing for secure information exchange and optimized parameters.
A monoclonal antibody targeting plasmacytoid dendritic cells has shown promise in reducing cutaneous lupus symptoms. The treatment, VIB7734, significantly reduced pDC frequencies and type 1 interferon activity in patients with autoimmune diseases.
A new study analyzing nearly 300 morphological traits in bees reveals strong evidence that complex social behavior developed just once in pollen-carrying bees, rather than multiple times. The research suggests a single evolutionary branch for honey bees and stingless bees, contradicting previous molecular genetic analysis.
Research from Washington University in St. Louis found that electric fish pause before sharing important information to increase listener response. The study reveals an underlying mechanism for how pauses allow neurons to recover from stimulation, making the following message clearer for the listener.
New research from the University of Copenhagen reveals that the Tibetan plateau has increased in height over the past 15-18 million years due to a slow collision between the India and Eurasia tectonic plates. This finding sheds new light on Earth's evolution and provides a more accurate understanding of Tibet's geological history.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed an app called Significant Otter, which sends animated otters representing emotions and activities based on a person's heartrate. The app allows couples to communicate more authentically and easily during physical distancing.
A study published in Evolution found that non-relatives can decipher facial expressions and be attuned to emotional states in infants across multiple primate species. Facial dexterity is positively correlated with the frequency of infant care by non-parents, suggesting a co-evolutionary relationship.
Researchers estimate that restoring all global agricultural peatlands could cut 500 million tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions, equivalent to one per cent of global GHG emissions. Raising peatland water levels could allow farmers to reduce climate impact while extending soil usage.
Researchers found an inverse relationship between distance and frequency of visits, with people visiting closer places more often. The study, which analyzed cellphone data from over 4 million people in four continents, suggests that urban planning can benefit from understanding this pattern.
Fossil seed-bearing structures from China's Early Cretaceous period show a recurved cupule with two seeds, suggesting a link to extinct non-angiosperm plants. The discovery supports an earlier idea about the origin of flowering plants' distinctive outer seed covering.
Research at the Laohu and Hasi Mountains in northeastern Tibet Plateau reveals that base level and lithology significantly affect fluvial landform development. Changes in drainage patterns and canyon formation are driven by variations in local base levels and bedrock lithology, leading to positive feedback loops that shape the landscape.
Researchers discovered that head and neck cancer cells subvert adjacent normal tissue to promote aggressive invasion and metastasis. The study found that two proteins secreted by cancer cells suppress a key gene, DMBT1, in nearby healthy tissue.
A team of scientists has developed an efficient method to suppress meta-holographic artifacts while maintaining image quality. By fine-tuning the coherence of illumination using a degenerate cavity laser, they can reduce coherent artifacts and improve the spatial resolution of holographic images.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have discovered a novel brain circuit that regulates satiation response in mice, suggesting potential for weight control. The circuit connects dopamine-producing neurons with downstream neurons, suppressing food intake and triggering meal termination.
Marianna Maiaru, a mechanical engineering assistant professor at UMass Lowell, has received a $450,000 grant from the Air Force to advance the development and processing of high-strength, high-temperature structural materials. Her project focuses on ceramic matrix composite (CMC) materials used in aerospace applications.
A new study compares axial elongation among children with untreated myopia progression, treated myopes, and emmetropes, revealing that normal eye growth continues as the child ages. The analysis suggests that myopic axial elongation may be superimposed on underlying physiological axial elongation.
Professor Doug Hayes has been recognized for his contributions to biocatalysis and biodegradable agricultural plastics. He is a renowned expert in molecular understanding of chemical and biochemical processes at interfaces, particularly involving bioplastics and surfactant-water-oil systems.
Researchers found that horned passalus beetles, known as bessbugs, have frass teeming with antibiotic and antifungal compounds produced by actinomycetes beneficial bacteria. This discovery could help speed the search for new antibiotics and improve strategies to prevent antibiotic-resistant infections.
A research team at ETH Zurich has created a comprehensive bovine genome reference by integrating data from six breeds, revealing numerous new genes and functionalities. These newly discovered sequences show connections to immune functions and may provide insights into genetic variants lost during domestication.
University of Virginia researchers have developed a new computational method to map the folding patterns of chromosomes in three dimensions. This will help scientists understand the genetic cause of cancer and advance other areas of medical research.
Researchers found significant amounts of mercury in meltwater rivers from Greenland's glaciers, with concentrations comparable to industrial China. The discovery highlights the need for rethinking conservation measures and management strategies to address mercury pollution.
Researchers found that even in hydrated subducting slabs, dry olivine can exist, resolving a long-standing paradox. This discovery suggests hydrous minerals play crucial roles in the Earth's interior water cycle and contribute to deep-focus earthquakes and large plate deformations.
The NUCLEUS-2021 conference will cover various topics in nuclear physics, including atomic nuclei, nuclear reactions, modern methods and technologies, relativistic nuclear physics, and more. The results of the conference will be published in two Springer journals.
Researchers found that stormwater can carry high concentrations of microplastic particles, including microscopic fibers and black rubbery fragments, into water bodies. A proof-of-concept experiment showed that a rain garden can capture up to 98% of these microparticles, suggesting a potential solution to reduce microplastic pollution i...
Scientists discover that inhalable nanobodies targeting the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 can prevent and treat severe COVID-19 in hamsters. The treatment showed impressive results, reducing infectious virus particles by a million-fold and preventing weight loss associated with severe infection.
Researchers have discovered that embryos across various animal groups rely on acoustic signals to inform their development and adapt to environmental conditions. This phenomenon, known as acoustic developmental programming, suggests that sound plays a crucial role in shaping the lives of animals from the moment of birth.
Astronomer Alicia Rutledge has been awarded a $200,000 NASA Planetary Science Early Career Award to support the development of a field-portable laboratory for her research on cold-climate alteration processes. The award will enable her to conduct analog fieldwork and train next-generation scientists in planetary analog science.
Researchers detected Argentine ant eDNA in surface soil samples from Kyoto and Kobe, indicating habitat distribution and hotspots for invasive species. This method could contribute to targeted measures and successful elimination results by combining with pest control plans.
Researchers at UCSF have developed a method to detect complex fetal heart defects in utero, improving detection rates from 30-50% to 95%. The technique combines routine ultrasound imaging with machine learning computer tools to mimic clinicians' tasks.
Wild African elephants highly attend to scent trails of dung and urine left by other elephants. Artificial elephant trails could divert them away from farms and villages, reducing conflicts with humans. The study's findings suggest an important role of smell in long-distance navigation for these animals.