The expert panel developed recommendations for mother's milk, donor human milk, and protein intake in very low birth weight infants. The existing literature is limited, and further investigation is needed to determine the optimal composition of preterm infant nutrition.
The soybean cyst nematode is the most damaging pathogen of soybean in the US and Canada, with recent estimates suggesting it causes $1.5 billion in annual yield losses. SCN was found in over 100 new counties between 2017 and 2020, highlighting the need for continued research and management strategies.
A new study by economists at UC Riverside and University of Louisiana found that juvenile incarceration has a deterrent effect on property crimes but increases the probability of drug-related crimes as an adult. Rehabilitation programs may improve welfare outcomes for convicted juveniles.
Researchers developed a new class of pneumatic artificial muscles (MAIPAMs) inspired by biological muscle-fiber arrays, enabling multiple-mode actuations like muscular hydrostats. The MAIPAMs have potential applications in soft robotics for tasks such as environment detection, object manipulation, and climbing.
Researchers at the University of Stirling have developed a new algorithm that analyzes data from satellite sensors to estimate trophic state directly, improving monitoring of issues like harmful algal blooms. This method outperforms current approaches with an accuracy rate of over 90% for highly affected waters.
Researchers are exploring the potential of individual immunomes to provide unprecedented insight into health. By analyzing antibodies and T-cell receptors, scientists can identify patterns and develop a near-universal blood test. This could lead to targeted therapies for various conditions, revolutionizing personalized medicine.
Intellihealth, a medical obesity treatment platform co-founded by Dr. Katherine Saunders, was selected as the first winner of the Women at Weill investment competition. The company's software platform Evolve generates personalized treatment plans for patients and is integrated with Epic, a widely-used electronic health record system.
Assistant Professor Robert Fickler and Doctoral Researcher Markus Hiekkamäki demonstrated near-perfect two-photon interference control using spatial photon shape. The method holds promise for building new linear optical networks and developing quantum-enhanced sensing techniques.
Researchers created a new type of phototransistor using metal-halide perovskites, exhibiting persistent photoconductivity that mimics synapses in the brain. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient energy usage in computers and sensors for self-driving vehicles.
A new University of Michigan study reveals that nearly 1 in 4 adolescents reported at least one concussion in 2020, up from 20% in 2016. Concussion rates increased among Hispanic and non-Hispanic youth who participated in sports, contradicting emergency department data showing a decline in sports-related traumatic brain injuries.
A study conducted at Florida Atlantic University reveals that college-age women often normalize unhealthy violent behaviors, including emotional abuse, in relationships. The research highlights the need for education and early prevention programs on campuses to break the cycle of violence.
A new study found that unconscious biases in emergency triage protocols led to prioritization of able-bodied patients over those with intellectual disabilities. Social workers can act as advocates for these individuals, while educational changes are needed to address structural inequalities and biases.
A recent study analyzes the influence of Greta Thunberg's global discourse on local movements like Barcelona's Fridays for Future. The research reveals how her personal story and social media posts create a collective action framework that resonates with locals, resulting in increased impact on social networks.
Sea turtle nesting populations in the Cayman Islands have recovered significantly after conservation efforts, with loggerhead and green turtle numbers increasing dramatically. However, hawksbill turtle nest numbers remain low and populations still face threats including illegal hunting and artificial lighting on nesting beaches.
Biomedical engineer Chase Cornelison is exploring ways to harness cancer cells to treat spinal cord injuries and restore function following brain damage. His research aims to retrain neural cells to suppress inflammation and promote repair, potentially reversing the damage caused by paralysis and diseases.
Petco Love and Blue Buffalo have partnered with Morris Animal Foundation to support pet cancer research, investing over $16 million in the fight against pet cancer. The $100,000 grant will be used to match donor gifts and raise awareness for animal cancer research.
Researchers used NASA's Hubble Space Telescope to examine the massive star two-and-a-half years before its explosion. The team found that the star lacked its typical hydrogen layer, making it unusually cool before exploding into a supernova.
A team of researchers identified a genetic mutation associated with exfoliation syndrome, the most common cause of glaucoma. The study found that people with exfoliation syndrome are twice as likely to carry damaging mutations in the CYP39A1 protein, which plays a crucial role in cholesterol processing.
A new study by Case Western Reserve University researchers highlights the need for improved access to Medicaid waivers for families affected by autism spectrum disorder. The study found that having a Medicaid waiver and high school enrollment were key predictors of youth with autism and their families using available services.
Researchers discovered that deleting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor from oral cancer cells results in a robust tumor-specific immune response, allowing mice to reject the cancer. This finding provides a new target for cancer immunotherapy treatment, potentially leading to more effective treatments.
Scientists at KAUST have created a new absorber layer for perovskite solar cells using single crystals with a mixture of organic cations. This improvement increases the absorption range and enhances device performance, reaching an efficiency of 22.8 percent.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a technique using machine learning and high-performance computing to simulate complex universes in less than a day. The approach enables high-resolution cosmology simulations, advancing physics research and providing new insights into the universe's mysteries.
A meta-analysis of 14 air pollution studies found that short- and long-term exposure to certain environmental air pollutants is associated with elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels in children and adolescents. Regular blood pressure measurement can help identify individuals with elevated blood pressure early.
A long-term study from WCS found that no-take marine protected areas increased fish populations by 42% and achieved the benefits of stable and high production for fishers, while protecting threatened ecosystems. Simulation models were tested with empirical data, showing that no-take MPAs can compensate for lost fishing grounds and stocks.
A new study by Dr. Benjamin Rome and colleagues found that over half of patients experience increases in out-of-pocket costs when drug prices increase, with some patients facing 15% hikes. The study, published in JAMA Network Open, analyzed 79 brand-name drugs and found average out-of-pocket costs rose 3.5% from 2015 to 2017.
A team of University of Alberta researchers has discovered a way to use 3-D bioprinting technology to create functional cartilage in just four weeks, which can be used to restore nasal features in skin cancer patients. This method reduces the risk of complications and provides a more precise solution for reconstructive surgery.
A $3.5 million grant will support the Aging Brain Cohort Dedicated to Diversity (ABCD2) study, a research and training initiative aiming to create one of the largest neuroimaging cohorts of Black individuals. The study aims to enhance understandings of Alzheimer's disease relationships with cognitive decline and identify risk factors.
A research team at HKUST has discovered the mechanism of DNA melting and how an antibiotic called Myxopyronin inhibits this process. The study found that Myxopyronin binds to a partially closed form of the flexible clamp domain, diminishing the gate's ability to close and eventually inhibiting DNA melting.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have developed a new graphene-based sensing technology using G-Putty material, which is 50 times more sensitive than industry standards. The technology has the potential to transform wearable electronics and medical diagnostic devices, offering tailored sensors for various applications.
A study published in Applied Network Science found that polarization and mobilization on social media can affect infection figures, particularly in the USA. The research suggests that politicized information dissemination can exacerbate the incidence of infection, especially when opposing measures are not consistently followed.
Researchers used 4D printing to create a biomimetic microchannel scaffold made of collagen and hydroxyapatite, inducing blood vessel growth in a mouse model. The scaffold's unique structure allows for enhanced water absorption and cell infiltration.
Amino acid PET imaging improves diagnosis of recurring brain metastases and assesses patient response to new treatments. This non-invasive technique helps physicians optimize treatment strategies for patients with melanoma and lung cancer.
A new type of aurora borealis, named 'dunes', has been confirmed by a recent study. The dune-like shape is believed to be caused by areas of increased oxygen atom density in an atmospheric wave channel.
Researchers and clinicians now have evidence-based criteria to develop targeted interventions for this debilitating condition. Compulsive Buying-Shopping Disorder is characterized by excessive purchasing without utilising items for their intended purposes and using shopping to regulate internal states.
Cleanup efforts can restore affected streams to near natural conditions within 10-15 years, with common responses seen despite differing aquatic life and toxic metals. Shared feeding habits and behavioral characteristics unified how stream invertebrates responded to alleviation of metal pollutants.
New research from UBC Okanagan campus uses geology to predict planet habitability. By analyzing the amount of iron present, researchers can determine if a planet's crust is thick enough for liquid water and atmosphere.
Scientists discover microplastic particles in remote Vatnajokull glacier, potentially affecting glaciers' melting and behavior. The finding highlights the need to map and understand microplastics in glaciers globally.
Researchers found pyrosomes form dense blooms that impact food web dynamics and contribute to organic carbon movement. They also provide habitat for other animals, including jellyfish and amphipods.
Scientists discovered that elite controllers' myeloid dendritic cells display traits of trained innate immune cells, which enhance their ability to control HIV. The study also found a specific long-noncoding RNA, MIR4435-2HG, that may be an important driver of this enhanced state.
The Pediatric Policy Council explored the role of public health research in iterative policymaking to reduce gun violence in America. Gun violence has made headlines routinely, affecting young people and their families, and impacting local communities through daily occurrences.
A new protocol has been developed at TU Wien that improves the security and speed of Bitcoin transactions. The new protocol reduces failed transactions by a factor of 4 to 33 compared to the conventional Lightning network.
A new study finds that a network of Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs) in the Caribbean and Central and South America will remain robust under climate change. Despite predictions of species shifts, more than half of IBAs are projected to remain climatically suitable for 73% of conservation-concerned species.
High-resolution VLA radio images of W49A show changes in ionized gas regions, including new activity and supersonic gas motions. Astronomers plan to continue observing this region to track changes and reveal details about star formation processes.
A recent survey study estimated that the percentage of US adolescents who reported at least one diagnosed concussion during their lifetime has increased. The study found that nearly 3% of adolescents in the United States experienced a concussion, with higher rates among males and those participating in contact sports.
The American Thoracic Society has published a new clinical practice guideline on community-acquired pneumonia, addressing the use of nucleic acid-based testing for non-influenza viral pathogens. The guidelines recommend testing only for patients with severe CAP or immunocompromised patients.
A new study found that adults are up to twice as likely to donate to charity when children are around, indicating a 'child salience effect'. The presence of children influences compassionate motivations and behaviors in adults. This effect was observed across different age groups, parents, and non-parents.
The Pediatric Academic Societies meeting discussed prenatal environmental contaminants and childhood disease, highlighting epigenetic mechanisms associated with transgenerational disease. Three generational animal models demonstrated that fetal exposure to pesticides, dioxins, and other toxins leads to multigenerational diseases.
George Slota, a computer scientist at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, has been granted a $490,000 grant to develop approaches for mapping complex petascale data to exascale hardware. His work aims to create scalable open-source software and frameworks to enable the broader scientific community to easily address these challenges.
Researchers found high levels of lead, antimony, and copper in disposable face masks, posing a risk to human health and the environment. The study highlights the need for stricter regulations on mask production and disposal to mitigate these risks.
New research from Aarhus University and UC Davis investigates the interaction between soil types and snake-inspired surface geometries. The study found that piles with asymmetric micro-structural features increase load-bearing capacity in sand, reducing resistance during installation by 25-50%.
Researchers found that most top-rated fertility apps mismanage and misuse user data, compromising reproductive health and rights. The study calls for stricter categorization of these apps to protect women's intimate information from exploitation.
Researchers studied age-related changes in kidney function, combining protein analysis with gene transcription. They found that aging kidneys have increased immune cells, inflammation, and decreased mitochondrial energy production. This suggests that therapies promoting protein building or slowing breakdown may help treat age-related k...
Individuals from long-lived families demonstrate improved baseline cognitive performance compared to their spouses. The study also found a slower rate of cognitive decline in younger generations within these families, particularly on the symbol coding test.
A new combination treatment targeting two proteins may improve survival for T-ALL patients who don't respond to standard chemotherapy. By inhibiting Kinase C and Notch1, researchers aim to overcome drug resistance and enhance treatment efficacy.
A new study published in Medical Care Research and Review found that Medicaid expansion provided a financial boost to hospitals, with uncompensated care costs declining by 28% in states that expanded Medicaid relative to 2013 levels. The study analyzed critical data at state and national levels using IRS and CMS data sources.
Researchers at McGill University developed a novel approach using silicone and sugar to create the softest brain implant yet. The new implants have shown reduced inflammation and higher neuronal density compared to traditional hard implants.
The Pediatric Academic Societies Meeting predicts major child health legislative and policy changes over the next four years. The session will focus on five key areas, including health insurance coverage, pediatric drug development, and healthcare disparities/poverty, with experts estimating their impact on vulnerable populations.
Researchers found that a commonly used risk-prediction model for lung cancer does not accurately identify high-risk Black patients who could benefit from early screening. The study, published in JAMA Network Open, aimed to strengthen the argument for more inclusive guidelines for screening eligibility.
Researchers reconstructed the SARS-CoV-2 progenitor genome, finding it was circulating worldwide months before the first reported cases of COVID-19 in China. The team's findings provide a genetic common ancestor to all current infections and could aid molecular epidemiology detective work.
Researchers cultivated tumor microenvironments using metastatic triple-negative breast cancer cells and studied the genetic information of entire systems. They found that cellular communication in the microenvironment drives physiological changes in tumor behavior, including growth and movement.
Researchers discover that cytotoxic CD8+ T cells contribute to aging-related degeneration in the central nervous system, leading to motor and cognitive decline. The study provides a potential therapeutic target for mitigating age-related decline.
A USC study found that neighborhoods with poverty and unemployment may pose an environmental risk to children's brains, impacting neurocognitive performance and brain size. The research highlights the importance of neighborhood environments for child and adolescent brain development.
Researchers discovered that optimally designed surfaces can accelerate virus decay, rendering them less likely to contribute to disease spread. The optimal design combines surface wettability and physical texture, creating a thin film that evaporates quickly.
Researchers developed a mobile gaming application to improve HIV care for young men living with the virus, achieving viral suppression and near-perfect ART adherence through gamification elements and social networking features. The app was shown to provide a significant head start in controlling the HIV virus.
A population-based study found that children born in Sarnia, Ontario have a higher risk of developing asthma compared to neighboring cities. Air pollution exposure in the first year of life was associated with the development of asthma in children.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a new noninvasive therapy using low-intensity focused ultrasound that can target specific cell types in the brain. The technology has shown promise in treating conditions such as Parkinson's Disease, epilepsy and insomnia.
Researchers develop light-emitting metallacages via coordination-driven self-assembly, overcoming aggregation-caused quenching challenges. The AIE phenomenon enables high luminescence efficiency in aggregate states, enabling applications in sensing, biomedicine, and catalysis.
Researchers have developed a new model of NTM lung infection and found that human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are effective in treating this condition. The study identified donor-specific hMSC potency against NTMs, which could lead to improved treatment outcomes for patients with chronic NTM lung disease.
Researchers found that highly sensitive individuals' brains show activity suggesting depth of processing after emotionally evocative tasks. This trait is associated with a heightened appreciation of beauty and deeper bonds with others.
A new study of short-term acute care hospitals acquired by private equity firms found that they have higher markups and profit margins, but slower staffing growth. Hospitals acquired by private equity firms had operating margins 5.6 percentage points higher than non-private hospitals at the start of the period.
A recent study from Edith Cowan University found that consuming one cup of nitrate-rich leafy greens daily significantly reduces the risk of heart disease. The study, which examined data from over 50,000 people in Denmark, also revealed lower blood pressure and reduced risk of heart attacks, strokes, and heart failure.
Researchers are testing cognitive behavioral therapy called Memory and Attention Adaptation Training (MAAT) to improve memory problems and emotional resilience among breast cancer survivors. The study aims to evaluate the effects of MAAT and supportive therapy on cognitive dysfunction after chemotherapy.
Researchers have identified a complex network of genes controlling sleep cycles that can be understood and potentially changed. This knowledge could lead to medicines for individuals with disrupted circadian rhythms and improved crop production.
The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care (JANAC) marks 40 years of nursing science in HIV/AIDS, highlighting lessons learned and ways forward. Nurse researchers lead the way in improving HIV prevention and patient care, particularly for women and minority populations.
Researchers studied Netflix expansion in 40 Asian countries and one restricted country, finding a 19.7% increase in pirated content search in the restricted country. Demand for pirated content is also higher for less dialogue-oriented content, particularly among non-English-speaking consumers.
A new study from Aarhus University finds that almost half of parents with children to a parent with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder also meet the criteria for a mental disorder. This can impact family life and child development. The study suggests increased attention is needed for these families, with specialized efforts recommended.
Researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital have solved the 120-year-old mystery surrounding Sir Ernest Shackleton's failing health during his Antarctic expeditions. They attribute his bouts of breathlessness and weakness to beriberi, a serious condition caused by thiamine deficiency.
Researchers from Osaka University have made a groundbreaking discovery about the behavior of laser pulses in free space. They found that laser pulse intensity can propagate in a straight line, with the forward-propagating velocity being the speed of light and the backward-propagating velocity being subluminal.
Scientists create a 2D/3D hybrid perovskite heterostructure crystal, achieving high polarization sensitivity in photodetection. The device surpasses reported perovskite-based devices and is competitive with conventional inorganic heterostructure-based photodetectors.
Researchers used neural networks to simulate complex universes, reducing computation time by a thousandth. The new method allows for both high resolution and large volume simulations, holding the potential for major advances in numerical cosmology and astrophysics.
A survey of 656 students from six countries found that over a third were unaware of zoonotic risks and One Health concept. Education on these topics is crucial to prevent pandemics.
Researchers at MIT developed ChromoUpdate, a color-shifting 'programmable matter' system that can rapidly update images on object surfaces using UV light. This technology accelerates product development by enabling designers to churn through prototypes quickly and easily.
Researchers create system to sense unusual DNA folds using chemical receptors, which could silence genes linked to cancer or promote tumor growth. The technology has potential applications in disease research and gene regulation.
Researchers found that consuming mixed tree nuts resulted in significant weight loss and improved satiety, while also reducing dropout rates compared to pretzel snacks. The study suggests that incorporating tree nuts into a weight management program may have a positive impact on overall health.
A new case report details the treatment of a patient with VITT (vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia) using bivalirudin, an alternative to heparin. Early outcomes suggest that this approach may be safe and effective in treating these rare but serious clot reactions.
New research reveals coral can fight back against juvenile crown of thorns starfish with stinging cells, damaging their arms and delaying growth. The study shows coral's defensive mechanism may not be enough to protect it from other threats like climate change.
Researchers at Boston University found that sound levels increased substantially in Blue Hills Reservation after pandemic lockdowns reduced commuter traffic. Faster-moving cars generate more noise, disrupting wildlife and human health benefits of nature recreation.
Researchers found that wildfires have killed trees, eroding soil and allowing native herbaceous cover to expand, while white-sand savanna tree species dominate the landscape. This shift threatens biodiversity and carbon storage in the Amazon ecosystem.
A new neuroimaging technique using diffuse optical tomography studied brain stimulation for depression, finding reduced brain activation in response to rTMS. The study suggests that treatment parameters may need adjusting for patients with severe depression.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center developed a gene expression method that can quickly identify the source of respiratory symptoms. The test has been shown to be accurate in distinguishing between viral and bacterial infections, with results available in under an hour, improving clinical care.
The intersection of child poverty with race, immigrant status, and environmental threats is a critical issue that affects the health and development of vulnerable populations. Experts discuss the impact of systemic inequalities and environmental toxins on children's well-being.
UConn researchers have successfully developed a micropropagation technique for cannabis, which can produce large quantities of healthy clones with predictable qualities. The method has the potential to meet the growing demand for medical cannabis by providing consistency and reliability in crops.
A new mobile app is being developed to safeguard users of cryptocurrency by detecting vulnerabilities in popular 'wallet' applications used to manage Bitcoin. The app, called the Bitcoin Security Rectifier, monitors for signs of intrusions and alerts users when an attack is happening, providing remedies based on the type of attack.
Researchers discovered unique genetic signatures linked to protective processes like DNA repair in people who live beyond 105 years. They found that these individuals have more efficient DNA repair mechanisms and a lower burden of mutations in specific genes.
Researchers at KTH Royal Institute of Technology have developed a transparent composite material made from limonene acrylate, a monomer derived from renewable citrus. The material offers high optical transmittance and low haze, with applications in structural use and potential uses in smart windows and nanotechnology.
A new study suggests that inhibiting GKN1, a stomach-specific protein, can lead to significant weight loss and reduced body fat in mice. The researchers found that models without GKN1 had improved metabolism and resistance to weight gain on high-fat diets.
A new study from Stockholm University debunks the idea that humans can maintain stable relationships with only 150 people, citing a lack of precision in available methods and data. The researchers found that the average maximum group size is often lower than 150, with confidence intervals ranging from 2 to 520 people.
A team led by Iain Drummond, Ph.D. has identified the signaling mechanisms underlying podocyte formation, a crucial process in kidney function. The discovery could lead to new therapies to stimulate regeneration of these cells, vital for ridding the body of toxins and treating conditions like chronic kidney disease.
New research reveals ancient Chinese arc magmatism preserved in the Chicxulub impact structure, shedding light on the Maya Block basement. Additionally, detrital zircon U-Pb ages from Antarctica's Victoria Land provide new constraints on the glaciation of southern Gondwana during the Late Paleozoic Ice Age.
Scientists at Texas A&M developed a cellphone extension that detects chemicals, drugs, and biological molecules using fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy. The system's sensitivity is comparable to industrial Raman spectrometers but can be improved with HDR applications.
A study by University of Cambridge researchers found that credit officers are less likely to approve loan applications at midday, resulting in missed opportunities for customers and financial losses for the bank. The study suggests that regular breaks during working hours can improve performance and productivity.
A Swedish-US study found that having a first-degree relative with intestinal polyps increases the risk of developing colorectal cancer. The study, published in the British Medical Journal, included over 68,000 patients with colorectal cancer and 333,753 healthy controls.
A new study from Michigan Medicine researchers identifies the anterior insular cortex as a key area in the brain that acts as a filter, allowing only the most important sensory information to enter conscious awareness. This gate-like structure regulates brain network transitions and plays a crucial role in conscious access.
A UCLA team discovered a molecule that allows cancer stem cells to bypass the immune system, leading to increased growth and spread of head and neck squamous cell cancers. Inhibiting this molecule has been shown to disrupt cancer progression and eliminate these stem cells.
A study published in Chinese Medical Journal found that generic antihypertensive drugs are as effective as brand-name counterparts in controlling blood pressure over the long term. The results suggest significant cost savings for patients, with treatment using generic drugs being only half as expensive as brand-name treatments.
Risk-reducing mastectomy saves lives of women with hereditary or other risk factors, but also considers quality-of-life issues. Women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations have a very high lifetime risk of developing breast cancer.
Researchers developed a novel medical device using octopus vision technology to assess macular pigment levels, enabling optometrists to provide preventative advice to patients. The technology can screen people from 5-95 years of age for low macular pigments, a strong risk factor for macular degeneration.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology modeled dynamic instability in tractor operation, revealing that self-excited oscillations can arise when the tractor pushes against the ground. The model showed that power hop can occur based on draft load, soil, and tire conditions.
A hot topic symposium session will discuss a multipronged approach to addressing childhood adversity and promoting resilience. The effect of adverse childhood experiences on health outcomes is well recognized among pediatric practitioners.
A team of researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital has identified a consistent protein signature in patients with severe COVID-19. The study found that this signature is associated with an immune response, but also with older patients who have chronic diseases and weakened immune systems.
A new poll reveals nearly one in five older adults say their mental health has gotten worse since the pandemic began, with an equal percentage saying their sleep has suffered. Despite this, two-thirds of respondents report excellent or very good mental health, and over 80% say it's as good or better than 20 years ago.
Researchers monitored honeybee hives to study their electrostatic field (ESF) data, revealing communication patterns and impact of pesticides on bee health. The findings indicate that weakened communications can signal colony stress and damage from environmental pollutants.
Scientists have developed a new method to extract metals like copper from their parent ore body using an electric field. This non-invasive technique has the potential to transform the mining industry by dissolving metals from previously inaccessible deposits.
Researchers discovered that Brd4 plays a crucial role in diet-induced obesity by modulating lipid metabolism. In mice lacking Brd4, high-fat diets did not lead to obesity, indicating an alternative energy source was used instead of sugar.
Researchers at the University of Maryland have demonstrated a swarm of photons that somersault in lockstep, pointing their spin perpendicular to their direction of propagation. This surprising result has potential applications in nonlinear optics and free-space optical communications.
A new study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an automated, smartphone-based approach to incentivizing smoking cessation among low-income adults in Oklahoma. The 5-year project will enroll 532 participants and assess the impact of monetary incentives on smoking abstinence.
Biomarker concentrations were elevated among personnel with longer duration of service, particularly without a diagnosed brain injury or concussion. Repeated exposure to low levels of blast has been linked to symptoms such as headaches, fatigue, and tinnitus.
Scientists have directly observed and measured the novel phenomenon of antichiral edge states in a circuit lattice. The results demonstrate that these edge states exhibit counter-propagating bulk states, opening new avenues for exploring the properties of antichiral edge states.
Researchers at UTA are combining nanoparticles and light waves to treat traumatic brain injuries on the battlefield. The goal is to create a synergistic effect with improved healing outcomes.
Researchers at ETH Zurich calculate that waste incineration plants in Europe have a significant potential for negative emissions through bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS). If fully exploited, BECCS could reduce European CO2 emissions by 200 million tonnes per year.
We CARE aims to empower stakeholders to provide effective and timely cardiac care through knowledge, education, and training. The joint initiative seeks to restore patients' faith in pursuing timely medical treatment, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Researchers used gene therapy to introduce a therapeutic compound into the hippocampus of AD mice, preserving learning and memory. The approach restored normal neural function and reversed neurodegenerative processes by promoting neuronal and synaptic plasticity.
A team of researchers at the University of Texas at Austin has discovered that most SARS-CoV-2 antibodies target areas outside the receptor-binding domain, neutralizing the virus in cell cultures. This finding provides a promising lead for designing next-generation vaccines against variants and future coronaviruses.
A new study published in Blood Advances has identified a gene variant, mesothelin (MSLN), that is abnormally expressed in more than one-third of childhood and young adult AML cases. This discovery could lead to the development of precision medicine treatments for children with AML.
A new study by UCLA researchers identified a novel combination therapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors with ATRA to potentially overcome resistance to immunotherapy in LKB1-deficient lung cancer. The therapy led to eradication of over 70% of tumors and generated durable tumor-specific immunity.
A team of researchers developed a unique scaffolding material for engineered tissues that can be fine-tuned to mimic natural tissue properties. This allows for the creation of customized replacement skin, cartilage, or other tissue for patients, with potential applications in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
Scientists are concerned about the potential harmful effects of nanoplastics on ecosystems, but knowledge gaps hinder understanding of their risks. Research is needed to develop analytical methods and study interactions between nanoparticles and biological systems.
Researchers developed SaferSeqS to detect rare mutations in blood more efficiently and reduce sequencing errors. The technology has shown a marked improvement in sensitivity and specificity in detecting previously undetectable cancer-related mutations.
Researchers created a new map of the Schrödinger basin, a key area for understanding the moon's geological history. The map provides guidance for robotic rovers to collect high-priority rock samples from this region.
Researchers at Federal University of Rio de Janeiro discover a crucial link between phase transition and cancer pathology. Mutant p53 aggregates are formed through liquid-to-liquid phase separation, progressing to a gel-like or solid-like state that plays a key role in cancer development.
A SLAC X-ray laser study reveals the molecular structure changes during charge transfer in N,N'-dimethylpiperazine (DMP) gas molecules. The research team observed how the molecule's atomic scaffolding deforms and redistributes charges, leading to a lopsided response to light.
A new study published in Clinical Psychological Science found little evidence of increased association between adolescents' technology engagement and mental health problems. Only social media use showed a slight increase in emotional problems, while other associations remained consistent or decreased over time.
A review of 25 research papers reveals that attending a suicide event has a significant impact on the mental health of healthcare workers and first responders. The study highlights the need for more research into the effects of trauma on these professionals.
Researchers from UNC Charlotte analyzed over 2,000 coronavirus genomes to clarify the origins of human infections. They found that bats are ancestral hosts of SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, and other coronaviruses, with transmission occurring episodically.
A recent study published in Environmental Science and Technology found that mangroves and seagrasses capture higher concentrations of microplastics than control sites. The study's lead researcher notes that the accumulation of microplastics in these ecosystems may have negative impacts on animal and plant life.