Articles tagged with T Lymphocytes
Researchers developed a dual-action virus that kills cancer cells while targeting adjacent fibroblasts shielding them from the immune system. The therapy showed promise in human cancer samples and mice without causing toxicity.
A study published in Nature Communications confirms that HIV persistence during antiretroviral therapy (ART) is driven by the proliferation of infected cells, rather than viral replication. This finding suggests that reducing cellular proliferation could help deplete the latent HIV reservoir and potentially lead to a functional cure.
New research reveals Gamma Delta T cells possess a two-pronged device to check cell health before killing cancer cells. The immune cells can act independently without relying on authorization from other signals.
Researchers discovered small populations of T cells expressing functional SAP at normal levels in patients with XLP1, potentially modifying disease severity. This finding suggests gene therapy or adoptive cellular therapy could be effective treatments for the disease.
Scientists have developed a first-of-its-kind model of immune responses in cellular immunotherapies, such as stem cell transplantation and CAR T-cell therapies. This breakthrough research aims to personalize treatments and reduce complications like graft-versus-host disease. The model has the potential to identify optimal donors for tr...
A study published in Nature Communications reveals the nature of immune cells in the human brain, including their location and function. The research provides valuable insights into the immune system's role in brain disorders such as multiple sclerosis and tumors.
The SQZ Biotechnologies platform has been shown to preserve key biological functions essential for cell therapies, unlike electroporation technology. This study highlights the superiority of SQZ in delivering target-specific immune responses and enabling scalable cell therapy development.
Researchers discovered that a drug inhibiting glutamine metabolism improves certain immune cells' function while suppressing others. Inhibiting glutaminase activity protects against inflammation and disease in mouse models of various conditions.
Scientists uncover how T cells respond to outside signals, activating them to attack diseased cells. The findings may help fine-tune T-cell therapies for individual patients.
Researchers from Osaka University have devised a simple method to test the impact of nivolumab on critical immune cells in patients with lung cancer. The novel approach measures how nivolumab binds to PD-1 on T-cells, providing information needed to monitor treatment more effectively and optimize treatment choices.
A Phase II clinical trial found marked improvement in three patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a rare and often fatal brain infection. Patients infused with donor T cells targeting the BK virus experienced significant reductions in JC viral load and clinical improvement.
A study found that vedolizumab reduces formation of HIV-infected T cell clusters in the small intestines. The compound proved safe over a 30-week period, supporting its potential as a tool to eradicate HIV.
A computer-guided algorithm may help scientists find the right spot to split a protein and then reassemble it, enabling new medical treatments and biosensors. The researchers developed a mathematical model of a protein's structure, giving them the ability to identify optimal split sites.
A new study suggests that organs affected by autoimmune disease can actively fight back by exhausting immune cells that cause damage. The research found that these cells exhibit characteristics similar to those used by cancer cells to evade the immune system.
Researchers discover cancer cells hide a key gene marker from immune system, allowing tumors to recur. By reactivating this marker, the team hopes to develop more effective immunotherapies to combat relapse.
A new HIV immunotherapy study has demonstrated the safety and tolerability of a cell therapy approach involving ex vivo expansion of T cells. The study found that the treatment was well-tolerated with few adverse events, although no significant enhancement of the magnitude of the HIV-specific immune response was observed.
A recent study found that CD4+ T cell's binding partner, MHC-II, plays a significant role in emerging tumors, suggesting new avenues for improving cancer immunotherapies. The researchers also discovered no correlation between MHC-II's ability to recognize antigens and the age at which patients were diagnosed with cancer.
A new study identified 'signposts' on cancer cells that can help the immune system recognize and kill them, potentially leading to higher recovery rates. The findings suggest a highly personalized approach to immunotherapy could improve treatment outcomes.
Researchers at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus have discovered that T cells elicited from subunit vaccines can reproduce without glucose, supporting their expansion and potentially defeating cancerous tumors. This finding has major implications for the development of immunotherapies for cancer patients.
Researchers identified four mechanisms by which Fibroblastic Reticular Cells dampen down T cell responses, including pathways involving prostaglandin E2 and transforming growth factor beta. The study's findings have significant implications for understanding immune responses in situations where T cells don't work as well as they should.
Researchers found a genetic variation associated with thymic output in humans, which can affect immune responses. This discovery may help explain differences in immune responses between healthy individuals and has implications for precision medicine and vaccine development.
A team of researchers developed a new strategy to overcome the blood-brain barrier's limitations in treating brain cancer. By engineering T cells with a 'homing system' molecule, they enabled these cells to cross the barrier and target tumors effectively.
Charité researchers Dr. Klose, Dr. Polansky-Biskup, and Dr. Triantafyllopoulou receive funding for projects on enteric nervous system regulation and epigenetic fine-tuning of T cells to improve adoptive cell therapy
Researchers found a close connection between Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and the accumulation of immune cells damaging cardiovascular tissue. The study suggests that CMV infection may be an important clinical factor in coronary heart disease, and treatment of the virus could be effective in preventing or managing the condition.
A team of researchers at Duke University Medical Center has identified missing immune cells that could potentially fight lethal brain tumors. The study found that these cells are locked away in the bone marrow due to a mechanism triggered by the brain, which is also employed by other diseases such as metastasized tumors and injuries.
A recent study suggests that glaucoma is not just a pressure-related disease, but also an autoimmune disorder caused by the immune system attacking retinal cells. The researchers found that T cells, which normally target foreign substances, are responsible for progressive retinal degeneration in glaucoma.
Researchers at FAU have identified ILC2 as a key player in the development of rheumatoid arthritis. By increasing ILC2 levels during therapy, symptoms can be reduced. However, treatment must start before disease onset to be effective.
Researchers discovered that cancer cells release exosomes carrying PD-L1 to suppress the immune system, enabling a new approach to predict treatment response and track therapy effectiveness through blood tests. This finding has significant implications for precision medicine and personalized cancer care.
Researchers at TU Wien have rethought the distribution of T cell receptors, suggesting a random arrangement that enables rapid immune reactions. This new understanding may lead to improved medical treatments and better comprehension of the initial stages of identifying pathogens.
Researchers developed an imaging technique to assess immune system changes in monkeys infected with a simian form of HIV. The study revealed that CD4+ T-cell levels in tissues vary from blood levels, challenging the notion of the gut as a major target for SIV infection.
Researchers identified a mechanism where tumor cells display both PD-L1 and PD-1 proteins, neutralizing the PD-L1 'brake' on T cells. This could explain why some patients don't respond to immunotherapy, suggesting alternative mechanisms may be employed by tumors.
Researchers found that mitochondrial DNA in exosomes triggers an antiviral genetic program, protecting against viral infection. Exosomes produced by T lymphocytes are taken up by dendritic cells via intercellular contacts and trigger alterations in gene expression.
Researchers at MIT developed nanoparticle 'backpacks' that hold immune-stimulating drugs and attach them directly to T cells, enhancing their activity without harmful side effects. In a study of mice, the approach led to tumor disappearance in over half of treated animals, offering new hope for treating solid tumors.
A study by Drs. Smithey and Nikolich-Žugich found that mice infected with cytomegalovirus had a more robust immune response to subsequent infections. This suggests that the virus may be able to harness the immune system's existing capacity, rather than weakening it as previously thought.
A Penn Medicine team discovered that tumor heterogeneity, regulated by genes specific to each tumor, determines whether a tumor is hot or cold. This understanding could help oncologists tailor treatments to a patient's unique tumor composition.
Researchers found that cancer cells produce excessive BCL-2 protein due to a ribosome defect, helping them survive chemotherapy. A drug suppressing this protein has shown promise in treating T-cell leukaemia with similar defects.
Scientists have developed a novel therapy that reprograms the metabolism of tumor cells, increasing their level of reactive oxygen species and leading to death. By pushing oxidative stress levels to the point where cancer cells become deadly, this treatment shows promise in treating various types of cancer.
Researchers have developed a novel technique using spider silk microparticles to deliver vaccines directly to immune cells, increasing T lymphocyte responses. This method shows promise in strengthening vaccine efficacy, especially for cancer and infectious diseases.
A novel PET imaging method uses antibody fragment probes to target immune cells, detecting inflammation in the bowel and potentially guiding biopsies. The technique has wide applications in various diseases and could unlock assessment of inflammation.
Researchers found that T cells can establish and maintain HIV infection in the brain, suggesting a reservoir for future HIV cure approaches.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have developed a breakthrough technique to convert human immune cells directly into functional neurons. The transformation occurs through transdifferentiation and achieves high efficiency, generating up to 50,000 neurons from 1 milliliter of blood.
Researchers developed a new approach to treat Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) with CAR T cells by removing CD33 from healthy blood-forming stem cells using CRISPR/Cas9. This makes the cancer-specific antigen unique to leukemia cells, allowing CAR T cells to attack without harming normal bone marrow.
Researchers discovered that blood stem cells with a genetic mutation can be compensated by normal stem cells producing specific types of immune cells. Key findings suggest these highly productive stem cells proliferate dramatically and maintain a balanced immune system when transplanted into mice.
Cleveland Clinic researchers found that lowering cholesterol levels can activate anti-tumor pathways in T-cells, leading to improved cancer-killing success. By reducing intracellular cholesterol, the cells' anti-cancer properties were enhanced.
Researchers have identified nine distinct clusters of exhausted T cells, known as Tex, which vary in their expression patterns and could be used to assess a patient's immune health. These clusters may help tailor immune therapies for specific types of chronic diseases.
Researchers at McGill University Health Centre discovered that having excessive T cells can cause harm and imbalance disease tolerance, leading to tissue damage. The study found that a protein called cyclophilin D acts as a key checkpoint for T cell activation, controlling the body's ability to tolerate Mtb infection.
Researchers found distinct MAIT cell populations in human intestinal mucosa, influenced by bacterial metabolites. These cells can modulate local inflammation and tissue healing in the gut.
Researchers have developed an in vitro model of urethral mucosa to visualize the HIV transmission process. The study reveals that infected T cells target epithelial cells above macrophages, leading to viral production and shedding via transcytosis. Macrophages then capture and store the virus, posing a challenge for treatment efforts.
Researchers created a biomimetic surface that simulates antigen-presenting cell features and found that precise ligand spacing is crucial for T-cell triggering. The study sheds light on the role of CD45 exclusion in receptor activation, offering new insights into T-cell stimulation.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati discovered a potential new target to enhance T cell infiltration in solid tumors. Targeting the KCa3.1 potassium channel can restore CD8+ T cell migration, suggesting a new therapy option for solid tumor treatment.
Researchers discovered that baricitinib prevented graft-versus-host disease and even reversed established cases in mouse studies. The drug boosts immune cells to fight cancer while keeping donor T cells from attacking vital organs.
Researchers find gamma delta T cells in fat play a crucial role in regulating body temperature and protecting against cold shock. These immune cells, known as gd T cells, help turn white fat into brown fat to generate heat, leading to potential weight loss therapies for obesity patients.
Bioengineers have developed a remote control method to activate cancer-killing immune cells using a heat-sensitive switch, which can be precisely controlled to target tumors. The technique has shown promise in initial tests in mice with implanted tumors, and could potentially improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy in treating cancer.
Scientists at the University of Waterloo have developed a vaginal implant that decreases the number of cells targeted by the HIV virus, taking advantage of natural immunity. The implant, containing hydroxychloroquine, was tested in an animal model and showed significant reduction in T cell activation.
Scientists have developed a method to efficiently genetically modify T-cells from mice, allowing for targeted gene surgery and potential therapeutic applications. The technique involves using plasmids and CRISPR-Cas9 molecular scissors to introduce specific changes into the cells.
Researchers have developed novel T cell immunotherapies using custom-made receptors called synNotch that can precisely target cancer and autoimmune diseases. The technology has the potential to overcome major hurdles in T cell immunotherapies, leading to more favorable treatment outcomes for patients.
Researchers at WashU Medicine used CRISPR to engineer human T cells that can attack human T cell cancers without succumbing to friendly fire. The new approach also allows for the use of therapeutic T cells from any healthy donor, eliminating the need for a matched donor or patient's own T cells.
Two University of Houston researchers are investigating estrogen's potential as a cause of cervical cancer. Using CPRIT funding, Sanghyuk Chung is examining the role of estrogen receptor alpha in stromal cells surrounding cancer cells, which may lead to a targeted therapy for cervical cancer treatment.
Researchers at FAU have deciphered what causes life-threatening inflammation of the intestines after a stem cell transplant, identifying a protein named BATF as a central switch in donor T-lymphocytes. The discovery may lead to new therapies to influence inflammation and increase patients' chances of survival.
Researchers discovered that a subset of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are susceptible to treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. MPNs hijack this pathway to prevent T cells from attacking malignant cells, but mutant JAK2 activation can expose a therapeutic vulnerability.