Articles tagged with T Lymphocytes
A recent study published in Nature Immunology describes the crucial role of neutrophils in boosting the immune response against viral infections. By sacrificing themselves, these cells release essential molecules that help activate specialized T cells to target and destroy infected cells.
A study found MAIT cells enriched in airways of severe COVID-19 patients, strongly activating and associated with poor clinical outcome. Gene expression analyses revealed specific inflammatory proteins linked to mortality.
Researchers have identified a specific receptor in immune cells from psoriatic arthritis patients, suggesting a single cause for the disease. This finding could lead to developing targeted treatments and offers new insights into the intricate mechanisms behind psoriatic arthritis.
A study led by Avery Posey reveals the presence of CD19, a B cell molecule targeted by CAR T cell immunotherapy, in brain cells that protect the blood-brain barrier. This finding may be linked to neurotoxicity in patients undergoing CD19-directed CAR T cell therapy.
T cells play a crucial role in immune response and cancer treatment. Researchers have identified key factors influencing T cell development, which can impact the body's ability to control infections or tumor growth.
Research suggests that robust T-cell responses are key to durable protection against coronaviruses, rather than short-lived antibody responses. Long-lasting T-cells can provide years of immunity and may prevent adverse reactions such as antibody-dependent enhancement.
Researchers found that mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) and invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells were reduced in the blood of severe COVID-19 patients but increased in their airways. Highly activated MAIT and iNKT cells were associated with better outcomes, suggesting a beneficial role during severe COVID-19.
A new study found that tumor cells outcompete T cells for the amino acid methionine, impairing its function. Supplementing methionine can restore T cell function, suggesting a potential target for immunotherapy against more cancers.
Researchers found comparable immune reactions in clinical follow-up of recovered and seriously ill Covid-19 patients. A strong T-cell and antibody response was detected in both mild and critically ill patients, but did not guarantee recovery.
Researchers have designed new hydrogels that can mimic the environment of lymph nodes, where T-cells proliferate and multiply. The hydrogels are made from polyethylene glycol and heparin, allowing them to anchor cytokines and promote cell migration and proliferation.
Researchers describe various approaches to treating SARS-CoV-2 infection, including immunotherapy and suppression of excessive immune system reaction. Several drugs have shown promise in slowing down the spread of the virus, but no single optimal algorithm has been found yet.
Researchers developed a prognostic tool that identifies immune cell interactions with tumour cells and reports on immune-checkpoint activation status. The tool predicts which cancer patients are most likely to benefit from checkpoint inhibitor therapy, allowing clinicians to tailor treatments specifically to patients.
A team of researchers from the University of Melbourne has identified new mediators of immune exhaustion that may be targeted in therapies for cancer and severe viral infections. T cells can lose function within just a few days of severe infection, contrary to previous thought that it takes longer.
Dr. Sanjana's research uses high-throughput genome engineering technologies to identify genes that can boost the effectiveness of CAR T-cell therapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The project aims to overcome immunosuppression in pancreatic cancer and potentially lead to improved immunotherapies.
Researchers discovered that tumour T cells produce immunosuppressive steroids to evade the immune system, reducing tumour growth in mice. Preventing steroid production using a key gene or drug significantly slowed tumour formation and progression, suggesting new drug targets for cancer immunotherapy.
A novel cell therapy using patient T cells has shown preliminary effectiveness in treating relapsed or treatment-resistant multiple myeloma. The treatment, which is safer than existing CAR T cells, improved survival rates and objective clinical responses in patients with active disease.
Researchers used multiomics analysis to investigate HIV-1-infected cells in humanized mice. The study identified multiple characteristics of HIV-1-producing cells, including viral genome and transcriptomic profiles, which could provide insights for developing an HIV-1 cure.
The OneChain Immunotherapeutics spin-off aims to develop CAR-T therapies for rare leukaemia subtypes like coT-ALL, which affects children and has a poor prognosis. The spin-off is funded by €3M and will enable the transfer of research knowledge from academia to clinical use.
Sylvester researchers have identified a potential protein target, STING, that may help mitigate graft versus host disease in stem cell transplants. In preclinical models, inhibiting the STING pathway reduced symptoms of GVHD.
Researchers found that CAR T cells targeting the HER2 protein on cancer cells led to a sustained tumor response. The child's immune system was recruited to act against the tumor, suggesting a potential novel approach to fighting difficult-to-treat cancers.
Researchers developed a vaccine targeting aged immune cells, which accumulated in fat tissues of obese individuals and caused chronic inflammation. Vaccination improved glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, and overall organ function in obese mice by removing senescent T cells.
A new study found that T cells targeting the SARS-CoV-2 virus can help fight COVID-19, even in severe cases. The research also reveals similar responses to the virus among Dutch and American patients.
A study published in Nature found that blood cell mutations linked to leukemias become inevitable as people age, especially in the Japanese population. The research identified genetic variations associated with increased risk of these mutations, which can be detected through a simple blood test.
Researchers at the German Cancer Research Center found that CAR T cell production can be significantly reduced in an academic setting, from EUR 320,000 to around EUR 60,000. This could lead to substantial cost savings and faster treatment times for patients, as well as increased accessibility of this life-saving therapy.
The use of CAR-T immunotherapy against acute myeloid leukemia is being reevaluated due to concerns over its impact on healthy hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Studies have shown that anti-CD123 CAR T-cells can inhibit normal hematopoiesis, leading to irreversible impairment in blood cell formation.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering have engineered CAR T cells to recognize and eliminate senescent cells, which contribute to various debilitating diseases. The uPAR-directed approach has shown promise in mouse models of liver fibrosis and lung cancer, offering hope for new treatments.
Rice University researchers suggest that T cell relaxation time is key to immune response, explaining how invaders prompt the immune system. The approach helps explain why T cells can react so fast and selectively, despite self-ligand imposters outnumbering invaders by a factor of 100,000.
A novel intracellular biopsy technique developed by City University of Hong Kong isolates targeted miRNAs from living cells within 10 minutes using diamond nanoneedles. This technique simplifies the experimental operation, reducing processing time from hours to minutes and enabling quasi-single-cell miRNA analysis.
Researchers found that T cells increase their metabolism to survive, contradicting previous assumptions about immune function. The study suggests that targeted interventions like vaccines or immunotherapies could boost T cell immunity in the elderly.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology discovered that antibodies against one virus can make another more severe. However, a specific type of T cell can counteract this effect. The study suggests the need for future vaccines to elicit a balanced response from both antibodies and T cells.
Researchers identified microglia as key immune cells protecting the brain from airborne viral infections, limiting damage to neurons. CD8 T cells engaged microglia to present virus particles, triggering an antiviral response without killing neurons.
Researchers at Hollings Cancer Center have developed a novel flow cytometry technique to quantify protein production in T-cells. This study reveals that T cells with robust protein production are more effective at controlling tumor growth.
Researchers found that coronavirus cases have significantly low T cell counts, negatively correlated with case severity. T cell exhaustion leaves patients more vulnerable to secondary infection. The study suggests targeting treatment for COVID-19 based on T cell counts and function.
Researchers have identified a new potential reservoir of latent HIV, specifically CD127 cells in tissues, which harbor the virus's genetic material but silence its expression. These cells may be targeted for an HIV cure, offering hope for developing an effective treatment.
Researchers develop novel approach to deliver CAR T cell therapy directly into cerebrospinal fluid, effectively treating medulloblastoma and ependymoma in mouse models. Combining immunotherapy with azacytidine significantly enhances treatment efficacy.
Researchers from Duke-NUS Medical School are exploring a new therapy using patient's own immune cells to target infectious diseases, including COVID-19. The therapy involves engineering virus-targeting receptors onto T lymphocytes, allowing them to recognize and kill infected cells.
Researchers found signs of autoimmunity in Parkinson's patients years before diagnosis, providing potential for early detection and treatment. The study also showed that immune responses change over time, with more aggressive cells initially causing damage.
A new method developed by UC Santa Cruz researchers allows for the creation of libraries of probes for high-throughput assessments of T cell repertoires in blood samples. This technology has the potential to accelerate research and diagnostics in immunology, cancer immunotherapy, and COVID-19 response.
Researchers found that distinct microbiomes composed of different types of bacteria contribute to varying levels of colorectal cancer in genetically identical mice. The study suggests that certain bacteria promote inflammation and exhaust immune cells, increasing susceptibility to cancer.
A new analysis supports prior reports that people with sickle cell disease experience lower rates of HIV infection. However, the molecular characteristics of immune system cells do not explain the reduced risk.
A team of researchers from the University of Washington School Medicine has created artificial proteins that function as molecular logic gates, allowing for the programming of complex biological systems. This breakthrough has implications for future medicines and synthetic biology, particularly in the development of cell-based therapies.
Scientists have engineered T-cells to target multiple sites on leukemia cells, offering a more effective treatment for resistant acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The new CAR-T therapy, TriCAR T-cells, targeting CD-19/20/22, demonstrate improved efficacy compared to single-antigen therapies.
Researchers at Kazan Federal University have made significant progress in developing CAR T-cell therapy for solid tumors. The treatment uses genetically modified lymphocytes to target and destroy tumor cells, showing promising results in animal models.
Researchers developed a new CAR T cell therapy using chlorotoxin, a component of scorpion venom, to target glioblastoma cells. The therapy showed promise in killing tumor cells while ignoring healthy tissue.
A study published in eLife has identified two strategies used by cancer to survive treatment with immunotherapies, including one that disables energy production in cancer-killing T-cells. Researchers found that some human cancer cells release molecules that inhibit the activity of energy-producing mitochondria in T-cells.
Researchers have identified a rare immune cell type that expresses both alpha-beta and gamma-delta T-cell receptors, which can both protect against infection and trigger autoimmune responses.
Researchers developed nanoparticles containing gliadin to treat celiac disease by restoring immune tolerance. In mouse models, these nanoparticles reduced inflammation and tissue damage, inducing gene expression profiles associated with immune tolerance.
Researchers at UC San Diego developed a system to control CAR T cells using blue light, destroying skin tumors without harming healthy tissue. In tests, the treatment reduced tumor size by 8-9 fold in 90% of mice.
Researchers report no negative side effects and persistent engineered T cells in advanced cancer patients. The study's findings suggest the gene editing approach is safe and feasible, paving the way for further development of this innovative cancer treatment.
A new protein-based method, STOP-CAR, switches off modified T cells on command, reducing toxicity and organ damage in cancer patients. This breakthrough could speed the clinical development of new CAR therapies.
A team of UPenn researchers is developing a new CAR T-cell gene therapy treatment for advanced metastatic prostate cancer, with the goal of overcoming resistance to current treatments. The ACGT-funded study aims to re-engineer T-cells to induce safe, long-term remission in patients.
Research suggests that a ketogenic diet provides health benefits in short-term, but negative effects occur after about a week. The keto diet works best in small doses, increasing tissue-protective cells called gamma delta T-cells, which lower diabetes risk and inflammation.
Researchers have successfully disrupted viral latency in monkeys and mice, a crucial step towards an HIV cure. The approach uses a combination of immune stimulation and depletion to reactivate the dormant virus, offering new avenues for treatment.
Researchers at University College London discovered that T cells in the liver can 'recycle' material through autophagy, a process enabled by the cytokine IL-15. This breakthrough could lead to more effective immunotherapies for cancer and chronic viral infections.
Researchers identify CD1a as a key player in triggering T cell responses to allergens in personal care products, shedding light on the 'molecular missing link' behind allergic contact dermatitis. The study highlights the importance of fragrance molecules like farnesol in initiating immune responses.
Researchers have found that a balance between neutrophils and T cells can accurately predict which patients will respond to immunotherapy. A clinical trial is underway to test a drug that reduces neutrophil levels in tumors, boosting the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors.
Scientists have discovered a new population of gamma delta T cells that recognize an MHC-like molecule called MR1. Using advanced imaging techniques, researchers found that these T cells bind to MR1 from underneath the molecule, rather than sitting atop it as previously thought.
Elite controllers, a subset of HIV-positive individuals, have distinct transcriptional profiles and enhanced ribosomal function in their lymphoid tissue CD8+ T cells. This allows them to suppress HIV replication through cytokine production, presenting an alternative approach to traditional viral eradication strategies.
Researchers discovered immune cells inside tumor samples can predict progression-free survival after surgery for kidney cancer. Patients with well-supported immune cells have longer disease control, leading to improved treatment options and potential adjuvant therapy trials.
A new study suggests that Tr1 cells, a type of T cell, can produce a chemical signal to repair the gut barrier and promote mucus production. The researchers found that these cells are capable of reducing inflammation and healing tissue in children with IBD.