Articles tagged with Microrna
Scientists from Scripps Research Institute have identified five microRNAs that are necessary for memory formation, while others decrease it, affecting neuronal physiology and nervous system development. The study provides valuable insights into the complex mechanisms of learning and memory.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation found that microRNA-132 plays a critical role in regulating the transition from inflammation to proliferation during wound healing. The researchers identified miR-132 as a therapeutic target for promoting healing and developing new treatments for chronic skin wounds.
Researchers have discovered how Microprocessor, a complex of DROSHA and DGCR8, precisely determines cleavage sites on miRNA-containing primary transcripts. This process allows faithful initiation of microRNA biogenesis.
Researchers at NYU have found that microRNA can serve as a decoder ring to understand complex biological processes, highlighting the potential for miRNA to shed light on diseases such as coronary artery disease and cleft palates. By analyzing miR-200, the team identified a trio of glycans critical to cell movement and tumor metastasis.
Researchers have developed a new technology that uses synthetic microRNA switches to purify live human cells with improved efficiency. The method, which involves identifying unique miRNAs for each cell type, shows promise for clinical applications and could lead to more homogeneous cell pools and better cell therapy outcomes.
In a study published in ETH Zurich, researchers discovered that the microRNA-200 family triggers the death of beta cells, leading to type 2 diabetes. By blocking miR-200 production, scientists can guarantee the survival of these vital cells. This finding has significant implications for the development of new treatments for diabetes.
A novel blood test can rapidly predict the severity of radiation injury, enabling timely medical intervention and improving overall survival. The test uses microRNA biomarkers to determine the functional impact of radiation on bone marrow and other organs.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles found that exosomic miRNAs released within the tumor environment affect resistance to chemotherapy in neuroblastoma. The exchange of specific microRNA called MiR155 between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages leads to increased telomerase activity and resistance to chemotherapy.
A molecular switch controlling heart cell maturation has been discovered, enabling the creation of adult-like heart cells in a laboratory setting. The discovery may lead to new methods for treating heart disease using stem cells.
Researchers found that small non-coding RNAs in maternal food can transfer to the fetus and regulate its gene expression. This discovery has important implications for understanding the function of the placenta and the potential impact of maternal diet on fetal development.
A new animal study from Harvard Medical School suggests that a walnut-enriched diet may slow colorectal tumor growth by altering gene expression. The study found that walnuts caused significant changes in the expression profile of micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) in localized colorectal cancer tissue.
Biologists at the University of Luxembourg analysed 1100 microRNAs in 100 blood samples to create a reference for the majority of microRNAs in healthy people. They found that some previously praised molecules are naturally variable and not reliable biomarkers, while others show promising deviations indicative of skin cancer.
Cells sort out hairpin-loop structures meant to encode small RNAs, known as microRNAs, using a specific chemical tag. The discovery has wide-ranging implications for development, health and disease, including cancer.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have discovered a way to reactivate cardiac muscle cell proliferation in adult hearts, leading to reduced scar formation and improved heart function after injury. The approach involves using synthetic microRNAs with short half-lives to induce cardiomyocyte growth.
Researchers at the University of Sydney have discovered a key RNA mechanism that helps plants adapt to their environment, which could lead to improved crop yields and gene therapies for diseases like cancer. The findings also suggest similar mechanisms exist in humans, providing new avenues for medical research.
Researchers at Rockefeller University found that the Hepatitis C virus binds to miRNA-122, altering gene activity in infected liver cells. This interaction may contribute to liver damage and cancer progression.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine identified a specific genetic signal, miR-10b-5p, that strongly correlates with disease severity and extent of neuronal death in Huntington's disease. This discovery may provide a faster and more effective way to determine the effectiveness of treatments.
Researchers have discovered nearly 3,400 new microRNA-generating loci in the human genome, more than tripling existing numbers. The newly found miRNAs are tissue- and human-specific, with significant implications for understanding disease causes.
Researchers at Nanjing University have developed a standard operation procedure to detect dietetically absorbed plant miRNAs in human plasma. The study identified six plant miRNAs with dynamic physiological patterns and kinetic absorption curves, suggesting they can exert physiological functions.
A study by Menashe Bar-Eli and colleagues found that a lack of RNA editing contributes to melanoma tumor growth and metastasis by manipulating proteins. The researchers identified a previously unknown target for CREB, a transcription factor involved in melanoma development.
Two tiny bits of non-coding genetic material, miR-382 and miR-516b, have been found critical to stalling melanoma's spread in early-stage tumors. These microRNAs may help identify patients most likely to spread and benefit from more aggressive therapy.
Researchers discovered clusters of gene-blocking microRNAs expressed only in oligometastatic cells, which can shut down specific genes involved in metastasis. These findings suggest microRNAs could provide a personalized biomarker to predict tumor aggressiveness and guide effective treatment.
Researchers at UC Riverside have identified microRNA-8 as a crucial regulator of mosquito reproduction, which plays an essential role in the female mosquito's 'fat body'. Depletion of miR-8 results in severe defects in egg development and deposition, highlighting its potential as a novel control strategy for mosquito populations.
Scientists have discovered a novel mechanism regulating maternal miRNAs in early embryos, with the enzyme Wispy playing a key role in miRNA adenylation and reducing its abundance. This finding provides new insights into the regulation of gene expression during embryonic development.
A study by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute researchers found that levels of two microRNAs, let-7e and 106b/25, can predict progression-free survival in multiple myeloma patients. The study suggests that these microRNAs may also help doctors determine which patients are likely to have the best responses to different types of therapy.
Scientists have developed a novel delivery platform that allows for the inhibition of microRNA activity, leading to controlled cancer growth. The breakthrough uses a peptide with low-pH induced transmembrane structure to target tumor cells, providing a promising new model for cancer therapeutics.
Biologists at Scripps Research Institute have described the atomic-level workings of microRNA molecules, which control gene expression in all animals and plants. The findings will help guide the development of therapies that harness microRNA's power to regulate key biological processes.
A new saliva test has been developed that can diagnose deadly diseases like diabetes and cancer at an early stage. The test uses RNA molecules found in saliva to detect diseases, with the potential to lead to personalized medicine.
Researchers have developed a technique that uses the bacteria's own CRISPR-Cas system to turn off specific genes or sets of genes, creating a powerful tool for future research on genetics. This approach allows researchers to better understand the role of individual genes and identify gene sets associated with problems such as multidrug...
Cancer exosomes, tiny particles released by cells, contain proteins that promote tumor growth and metastasis. Researchers have identified Dicer as a key player in this process, suggesting new avenues for diagnosis and treatment.
UC Riverside researchers have identified a new molecular mechanism for resistance and susceptibility to Fusarium oxysporum, a common fungus causing wilt in tomato plants. The study reveals that microRNAs play a crucial role in regulating gene expression, with specific targets contributing to resistance.
A UC San Francisco research team found that a specific microRNA, miR-30a-5p, plays a central role in the development of alcohol addiction by lowering levels of protective protein BDNF. Increasing miR-30a-5p levels in the brain region mPFC reduced BDNF and led to excessive drinking behavior.
A new study found that high levels of miRNA-378a-5p cause cell division anomalies in breast cancer cells, leading to abnormal chromosome numbers and promoting cancer growth. Elevated levels of this microRNA also correlate with aggressive forms of breast cancer.
Researchers discovered two microRNA molecules that control chronic inflammation, with one promoting and the other preventing the condition. The study sheds light on the role of T follicular helper cells in chronic inflammation and offers hope for preventive measures.
Researchers identify two microRNAs that suppress NB domain genes in resistant tomato cultivar Motelle, allowing it to fight off the wilting fungus. The findings shed light on the molecular basis of plant immunity and suggest a new approach for breeding disease-resistant crops.
A plant microRNA, MIR2911, has been discovered to directly target influenza A viruses, including H1N1, H5N1, and H7N9. Drinking honeysuckle soup can prevent IAV infection and reduce mortality rates in mice. The study provides a novel therapeutic strategy for IAV infection prevention and treatment.
Researchers have found that microRNA isoforms are more common than initially assumed, with certain variants exhibiting population-dependent and gender-dependent expression profiles. These findings suggest that miRNAs may serve a purpose beyond regulation of protein-coding genes.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have identified over 30 previously undiscovered genetic mutations in microRNAs that may influence cancer susceptibility and severity. These mutations were found to be associated with increased risk of certain types of cancer, including breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer, in African popula...
A combination therapy of two miRNAs, let-7 and miR-34, has been shown to suppress tumor growth in an animal model of non-small-cell lung cancer. The study offers a promising therapeutic avenue for this aggressive malignancy.
Researchers at the University of Miami found that small dosages of nicotine in cigarette substitutes can harm the musculoskeletal system due to overuse. The study suggests that more information is needed on the potential effects of these alternatives, which are not yet regulated by the FDA.
Researchers discovered a subset of microRNAs that regulate sex differences in fruit flies, with implications for understanding human developmental defects and disease. The study found that these small RNA molecules orchestrate complex genetic programs that shape the structures distinguishing males and females.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine discovered that the protein Myc drives cell growth by blocking the expression of genes involved in DNA packaging and cell death. The study identifies critical genes regulated by Myc and a microRNA family, offering new therapeutic targets for Myc-dependent cancers.
A new study published in Scientific Reports reveals that non-canonical microRNA binding is widespread, targeting both protein-coding genes and non-coding RNAs. This suggests a more complex role for microRNAs in regulating gene abundance levels.
Researchers have created a comprehensive database to study microRNA regulation of genes and their targets. The multiMiR database combines 50 million records from existing repositories, enabling efficient analysis and identification of new treatment options.
Researchers found that microRNA-124 significantly increases β-III tubulin and microtubule-associated protein-2 expression in BMSCs, promoting neuronal differentiation. Transplantation of miR-124-transfected BMSCs into spinal cord injury models improves motor function.
Scientists discovered a regulatory network contributing to abnormal cell proliferation in diseases like cancers and psoriasis. MicroRNA miR-21 is degraded through PAPD5, which breaks the pathway's disruption in many cancers.
A team of scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory has identified a gene called LIN-42 that controls the timing of events during development, governing a broad range of events throughout growth and behavior. The study provides insight into how species evolve without creating new genes.
After sciatic nerve injury, microRNA-214 targets srGAP3 in rat DRG primary neurons. This relationship affects axon guidance and neural regeneration.
Joslin researchers found that microRNAs play a major role in fat cell development and whole body metabolism. They also discovered that low levels of Dicer expression in fat tissue may contribute to the development of HIV-related lipodystrophy, a complication limiting therapy in some patients.
Researchers identified a new biomarker that predicts glioblastoma response to chemotherapy temozolomide, improving patient outcomes. The biomarker targets MGMT-regulating microRNAs, which suppress the cancer-killing effect of temozolomide.
A study published in The Journal of Clinical Investigation reveals that the miR-130/301 microRNA family regulates diverse target genes, orchestrating a global proliferative response in diseased blood vessels. This discovery provides new therapeutic targets for treating pulmonary hypertension.
Researchers at Weizmann Institute identify microRNA molecule miR135 linked to serotonin system and its role in depression and anxiety disorders. Higher levels of miR135 found in healthy mice resistant to chronic stress, while low levels associated with depressed behavior and weaker response to antidepressants.
A study identifies three microRNAs as biomarkers for predicting severe osteoarthritis, allowing for early detection and preventative measures. The findings could significantly reduce the socio-economic burden of the disease.
Scientists have identified four microRNAs that can aid in the differential diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) from non-cancerous pleural tissue. The biomarkers, miR-126, miR-143, miR-145, and miR-652, were found to classify tissue samples with high accuracy.
A study published in Endocrine-Related Cancer has identified specific molecules in seminal fluid that can detect prostate cancer and predict its severity. The presence of these microRNAs, particularly miR-200b, shows promise as a prognostic tool for indicating treatment urgency and type.
Researchers have identified a new mechanism for controlling genetic material altered in cancer, involving ultra-conserved RNA molecules that regulate microRNA activity. This discovery could lead to a better understanding of cancer development and potentially inform new treatments.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered a critical role for microRNA cluster miR-143 and miR-145 in regulating wound healing in the intestine, which may lead to potential treatments for chronic digestive diseases like ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
Researchers have identified a new microRNA, hsa-miR-765, that suppresses expression of HMGA1 in prostate cancer cells, offering potential as a targeted therapy. The microRNA is activated by an FDA-approved anti-estrogen drug, fulvestrant.
A Dartmouth-led study suggests that turtles share a more recent common ancestor with birds and crocodilians than with lizards and snakes. The research resolves a long-standing evolutionary debate, providing new insights into the relationships among reptile groups.
A new study found that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients have altered microRNA expression linked to chronic inflammation. The study suggests trauma may cause changes in microRNA, promoting inflammation and contributing to secondary medical conditions.