Articles tagged with Microrna
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
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Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A recent study published in Genome Research reveals that sea anemones have a genomic landscape similar to human genomes but also display regulatory mechanisms similar to plants. The team discovered 87 microRNAs in sea anemones, which exhibit hallmarks of both animal and plant microRNAs.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory discovered a small-RNA pathway that targets 'jumping genes' in reproductive cells to prevent genetic damage. The pathway uses microRNAs to silence transposons and protect the genome.
A team of researchers at New York University and the University of Texas at Austin has discovered that carbohydrates serve as unique identifiers for cancer cells. By analyzing the role of microRNA in regulating carbohydrate structures, the study reveals a new way to detect cancer using sugar-based biomarkers.
A study published in PLOS Genetics identified specific small segments of RNA that are highly expressed in Huntington's disease and may act as a mitigating factor, making them potential therapeutic targets. The researchers found that these microRNAs are present in higher quantities in patients with HD and may promote cell survival.
A new UCSB study uncovers unique evolutionary adaptations in the primate brain, highlighting the crucial role of microRNAs in a portion of the brain called the outer subventricular zone (OSVZ). These findings suggest that microRNAs are responsible for controlling gene expression and regulating complex cellular processes.
A genetic variation near an area that encodes for interferon-lamda3 (IFNL3) is responsible for the differences between those who can and cannot effectively clear HCV. Individuals with a favorable IFNL3 genotype have a better outcome in fighting HCV.
Researchers at Rutgers University–Camden studied microRNAs in common fruit flies to understand the connection between aging and diseases like Alzheimer's. They found that as fruit flies age, more microRNAs accumulate on a protein complex, impacting age-associated events and leading to shorter lifespans.
A study by Whitehead Institute researchers found that poly(A)-tail length does not impact translation efficiency in cells matured beyond gastrulation stage. This discovery may challenge existing mechanisms of gene regulation involving the poly(A) tail.
A study found diagnostic microRNA panels in whole blood can distinguish patients with and without pancreatic cancer. The findings have potential for an early detection method, but further research is necessary.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center have identified gene expression regulators, microRNAs, in normal and diabetic human corneas, which may contribute to stem cell and epithelial abnormalities. The study aims to accelerate healing and repair processes in damaged corneas to reverse diabetes-induced eye complications.
Researchers found that myotonic dystrophy type 1 disrupts the normal control of gene expression in heart tissue, specifically affecting microRNAs. This disruption leads to abnormal protein activity, resulting in disease symptoms such as heart malfunction and death.
A new study describes a mechanism by which microRNAs are encapsulated and exported in nanovesicles, facilitating intercellular communication. The researchers identified EXOmotifs, specific nucleotide sequence patterns, that enable the export of miRNAs from human T lymphocytes.
Scientists have discovered that microRNA-128 plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression in neurons, leading to increased neuron activity and epilepsy. The study used mice experiments to demonstrate the effects of reducing microRNA-128 levels, which can help hamper muscle activation.
Scientists at Emory and Georgia Tech have developed a potential treatment for atherosclerosis by targeting a micro RNA molecule that regulates inflammation in blood vessels. In animal models, a drug blocking the micro RNA can halt artery blockages despite high-fat diets.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have discovered a unique immune avoidance mechanism used by a deadly mosquito-borne virus to suppress human immunity. The discovery could lead to the development of vaccines and treatments for eastern equine encephalitis virus, which has a 30-70% fatality rate.
Researchers used genetic information from fruit fly studies to develop a therapeutic strategy that stops an aggressive form of leukemia in laboratory models. They found that targeting microRNAs can significantly improve current therapies for acute myelogenous leukemia, a deadly disease with poor prognosis.
Researchers found that gut microbiota influences MicroRNA expression in mice infected with Listeria monocytogenes. Conventional mice exhibited lower miRNA levels after infection compared to germ-free mice, suggesting a protective role for the gut microbiome.
New research shows microRNA-128 controls complex functions in the adult brain by adjusting a neuronal signaling pathway. Reducing miR-128 expression led to increased motor activity and fatal epilepsy in mice, while overexpression decreased motor activity and reduced seizure susceptibility.
Researchers found that cyclin D1 induces the processing of mature microRNA through Dicer, leading to reduced levels of miRNAs in certain cancers. This mechanism may contribute to the initiation and progression of aggressive basal-like breast cancer subtypes.
Researchers at University of South Carolina discover THC influences microRNAs, altering gene expression and potentially treating arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes. The study identifies specific microRNA targets for controlling inflammation and immune response.
Scientists have engineered B cells to synthesize and deliver microRNA, a non-coding RNA that can be used to introduce or inhibit specific proteins. This achievement may lead to new therapeutic applications, including vaccination and cancer treatment.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have developed an approach to increase beneficial HDL cholesterol levels in non-human primates by targeting shared nucleotide sequences that inhibit microRNAs. This strategy showed a nearly 40% increase in HDL levels, outperforming current therapies.
Researchers explore genetic and epigenetic factors contributing to racial disparities in prostate cancer risk and progression, focusing on MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers.
Researchers have discovered that tumors with specific microRNA segments are more likely to recur after surgery. Elevated blood levels of these genetic markers may also indicate a higher risk of recurrence. The findings suggest a potential for using microRNA profiles to classify thyroid tumors and monitor cancer progression.
Researchers have identified specific molecules called microRNAs that regulate both good and bad protein levels in the brain. Targeting these molecules may help preserve brain function and detect Alzheimer's disease at an earlier age.
Dr. Xiuren Zhang has been awarded a $1.3 million National Science Foundation CAREER grant to further his research on RNA silencing and plant stem cells. His team's discovery of bidirectional processing of microRNAs in plants could lead to more productive breeding practices.
A new LSUHSC study identified two microRNAs regulating FOXP2 levels in zebra finch brains, showing that social context influences their function. The findings provide insights into speech and language impairments and autism disorders.
A new study from LSUHSC has identified two microRNAs regulating FOXP2, a gene linked to speech and language impairments and autism disorders. The study found that social context governs the function of these miRNAs in vocal learning, providing insights into human speech-language development.
Researchers developed a test that can clearly distinguish early liver cancer cells from normal liver cells by giving them a distinctive red-brown hue. The test uses a probe to detect and stain a microRNA called mir-21, which is found in liver cancer but not healthy liver cells.
Researchers at the University of Chicago are developing a new therapy for multiple sclerosis using exosomes containing specific microRNAs that promote myelination. The therapy has shown promising results in improving brain health and may also be useful in slowing the degradation of myelin with normal aging.
A study published in Nature Methods demonstrates Droplet Digital PCR's ability to precisely and reproducibly quantify microRNA in plasma and serum across different days. This technology can improve the development of miRNA-based blood-based biomarkers, such as those for cancer diagnosis.
A BIDMC research team will assess the use of microRNAs as biomarkers in predicting complications in patients who have suffered heart attacks. The goal is to identify microRNA biomarkers that can predict poor health outcomes after heart attacks.
Researchers found four biomarkers in microRNAs that accurately determine malignancy and predict patient outcomes in urinary bladder cancer. Two miRNAs correlated with overall survival time, providing potential prognostic capabilities.
Researchers from The Mount Sinai Hospital have developed a new strategy to safely study deadly influenza viruses, including H5N1 bird flu. By harnessing the power of human lung cells, they create 'viral scissors' that can cut these viruses into pieces, preventing effective transmission to humans.
A Scripps Research Institute study found that overproduction of a specific cluster of microRNAs can trigger lymphomas. The research identified key biological pathways involved in cancer growth and offers new potential therapy targets.
Researchers found that maintaining a safe distance between transcription enzymes is crucial for efficient production of microRNAs. By launching enzymes at lower rates, they can avoid 'traffic jams' and create more molecules.
Chemists from North Carolina State University have successfully performed a DNA-based logic-gate operation within a human cell. The researchers used a DNA-based Boolean logic gate that was activated only when two specific microRNAs were present in cells, generating an output by releasing a fluorescent molecule.
A team of scientists at Scripps Research Institute identified a family of tiny RNA molecules that work as powerful regulators of the immune response in mammals. These RNA molecules enable the differentiation of T cells into follicular helper T cells, which assist B cells in producing antibodies.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine reveals that reported plant genetic material entering human blood may be a false positive, contradicting previous research from Nanjing University. The team used advanced techniques to detect microRNAs in macaques' blood and found highly variable results.
A new study by Henry Ford researchers reveals that a specific microRNA released by stem cells via exosomes contributes to better neurological recovery after a stroke. The study provides fundamental insight into how stem cells affect injured tissue and offers potential for developing novel treatments.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have developed a multicolor fluorescence labeling method to visualize miRNAs in tissue sections, enabling the identification of tumor-specific miRNAs and distinguishing between different tumor types. This technology shows promise as a molecular diagnostic tool for clinical settings.
Researchers have discovered that targeting regulatory T cells can help eliminate cancer cells, while a new fluorescence labeling method enables the visualization of microRNAs in tissue sections. Additionally, studies suggest that malnourishment exacerbates Giardia infection in mice, leading to severe gastrointestinal problems and growt...
Researchers found that EGFR gummed up the cell's miRNA-processing machinery, preventing tumor-suppressing microRNAs from developing. The epidermal growth factor receptor, known to promote cancer progression, fuels this effect by attaching phosphate groups to a key protein, disrupting its ability to process miRNAs.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute discovered how to control natural gene silencing processes, leading to a powerful new class of drugs against viral infections, cancers and diseases. The study found that guide RNAs can be designed to destabilize or stabilize the miRNA-Argonaute complex.
A study published in The Journal of Clinical Investigation found that microRNAs play a crucial role in determining muscle fitness by regulating the switch between slow- and fast-twitch muscle fibers. The researchers identified specific microRNAs that are elevated in active people, suggesting a potential new target for interventions to ...
Researchers discovered that combining a few microRNAs enhances anti-breast cancer activity without the unwanted side effects of amplifying a single microRNA. This technique targets tumor-specific genes while sparing healthy tissue.
Researchers at The Wistar Institute discovered ADAR1's critical role in regulating microRNA synthesis, which is essential for life. The protein combines with Dicer to create miRNA and siRNA, playing a crucial role in silencing specific genes.
Xuemei Chen, a professor of plant cell and molecular biology at UCR, has been elected to the National Academy of Sciences for her excellence in original scientific research. She is recognized for her groundbreaking work on plant meristem development and micro RNA molecules.
Researchers have discovered a method for physical diagnosis of schizophrenia by collecting tissue from the nose through a simple biopsy. This finding could lead to a more accurate diagnosis and early detection of the disease.
A study by UC Riverside researchers identifies the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as the site of action for miRNA-mediated gene silencing. The ER, a cellular organelle, plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression through translation inhibition.
A new study reveals that microRNAs regulate the size of bald patches on fruit fly legs, driving natural variation in morphology. The findings suggest a novel mechanism for evolutionary adaptation involving small RNA molecules.
Researchers developed prognostic biomarkers to determine melanoma patient benefit from new immunotherapy agents. Epigenetic regulators like microRNAs were found to inhibit metastasis and improve chemotherapy response in triple negative breast cancer.
A team of medical researchers has identified a specific microRNA, miR-342-5p, that plays a key role in promoting inflammation in atherosclerosis. Inhibiting this microRNA has been shown to retard the progression of the disease in animal models.
A tiny piece of RNA, mir-125a-5p, plays a crucial role in regulating cyclical gene activity that defines the timing of tissue segment formation. This regulation is essential for proper embryonic tissue development and has implications for treating human conditions affected by embryonic development.
Researchers identified microRNA expression signatures that define the progression of Barrett's esophagus into esophageal adenocarcinoma. A small number of microRNAs, including miR-375 and the miR-17-92 family, may differentiate Barrett's esophagus from esophageal adenocarcinoma.
A study published in Nature describes how the CPEB1 protein 'takes the brakes off' the production of proteins associated with cell proliferation and tumor progression. The mechanism, discovered using Hodgkin lymphoma cells, has been proposed as a general regulatory system that enhances cancer spread.
Researchers found that cigarette smoke-induced miRNA alterations promote lung carcinogenesis by repressing miR-487b. Additionally, high levels of ox-CaMKII are linked to increased risk of sudden death after heart attack in diabetic patients, suggesting a potential mechanism for increased mortality.
A recent study reveals that cigarette smoke-induced miRNA expression alterations, specifically the repression of miR-487b, play a crucial role in lung carcinogenesis. Loss of miR-487b increases oncogene expression and enhances tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis in both normal and cancer cells.
Mari Uchimoto's award-winning presentation at ANZFSS International Symposium showcased a new method to identify body fluids using microRNA analysis, potentially aiding rape cases. This technique can distinguish between different bodily fluids, providing vital evidence for prosecutions or defenses.
Researchers found a potential therapeutic candidate, miR-506, which blocks epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and inhibits mesenchymal markers in ovarian cancer cells. Higher miR-506 expression is associated with longer overall survival.