Researchers at MIT have developed an electrochemical system for capturing carbon dioxide from power plant emissions that can operate without a steam connection. This 'plug-and-play' solution could potentially capture 90% of CO2 from plant emissions while consuming only 25% of the plant's power output.
Research by Evan MacLean and colleagues found that lemur group sizes positively correlate with performance on tests of social cognition. In contrast, nonsocial cognitive skills were not affected by group size. The study suggests that the evolution of complex social intelligence may be linked to larger social networks.
Researchers found that participants adjusted their grasp location to avoid uncomfortable postures when working in collaboration. The study suggests an implicit social awareness that supports collaboration across individuals, enabling extended planning to achieve comfortable outcomes.
Researchers found a suite of changes in human shoulders and arms allowed efficient hunting by throwing projectiles, paving the way for later adaptations like increased brain size and migration out of Africa. The study suggests that humans' ability to throw played a key role in becoming part-time carnivores.
A new study finds that industrial extraction in Wolf Lake Forest Reserve would significantly threaten biodiversity, making it a 'scientifically irreplaceable system'. The reserve's unique characteristics allow for climate change studies and inform future restoration practices.
Researchers found gliomas produce quinolinic acid, a metabolite of tryptophan, to generate NAD+, evading cell death. A new enzyme, QRPT, enables this process, potentially leading to therapy resistance.
A 20-month community intervention program, Shape Up Somerville, showed a modest but significant reduction in weight gain among children, with fewer obese and overweight kids compared to control communities. The program's success highlights the effectiveness of holistic, community-based approaches in addressing childhood obesity.
Researchers at the University of California, Davis have made a groundbreaking discovery on how visual attention affects brain activity. By measuring signaling through single nerve connections in monkeys, they found that attention increases efficiency and boosts signal strength.
A study by Wayne State University researcher James A. Rowley found that African-American men are more likely to experience severe sleep apnea, especially in younger age groups. The study controlled for body mass index and other factors, revealing a racial disparity in sleep apnea severity.
A recent UCLA-led study highlights the crucial role nurse practitioners play in treating chronic geriatric conditions. Nurse practitioners were found to improve the satisfaction of quality indicators for patients with falls, urinary incontinence, dementia, and depression when co-managed with primary care physicians.
A recent study by the University of Gothenburg reveals that sailors are most commonly injured on land, primarily due to overstrain, especially during physical training. The study also found a higher incidence of injuries among younger sailors, with those on the national team experiencing more knee injuries.
Dr. Hollier highlighted the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of MODS, a leading cause of death in surgical intensive care units. He emphasized the need for research to find definitive answers and urged young students to consider this area of study.
Researchers at UC Irvine are working on two groundbreaking projects to treat Type 1 diabetes: islet cell transplantation using ultrapure algae membranes and the development of an accurate insulin sensor for real-time blood sugar monitoring. These innovations aim to improve treatment options and potentially cure the disease.
Researchers found that sleep deprivation triggers excessive anticipatory anxiety by activating the amygdala and insular cortex. Innate worriers are more vulnerable to this impact, suggesting that sleep therapy could be a potential treatment for anxiety disorders.
Scientists have discovered that large-scale upwelling in the Earth's mantle is mostly concentrated beneath Africa and the Central Pacific, with these locations remaining remarkably stable over geological time. This discovery provides a framework for understanding how mantle dynamics are linked to surface geology.
The West Fork Complex fire in southwestern Colorado reached heights of up to 13.5 kilometers, while smoke plumes were detected in European airspace. The fire was part of a larger complex involving three separate fires, burning over 75,000 acres before being fully contained.
The Air Force has announced 29 university researchers at 26 institutions will receive awards totaling $12.7 million for research instrumentation. These awards support the purchase of state-of-the-art equipment for cutting-edge defense research.
A study found that patients from lower socioeconomic backgrounds are less likely to receive opioid pain medications, regardless of racial or ethnic background. The results highlight the need for increased awareness and consistent treatment practices to address these disparities.
Researchers found that work provides emotional support and extra financial resources for women with HIV, enabling them to better self-manage daily tasks. The study also highlights the importance of job training programs and microenterprises in improving the lives of these women.
Common loons settle on territories very similar to their natal territories, not the best habitat for reproductive success. This finding challenges the ideal free model of habitat selection and suggests that loons may prioritize survival over breeding in familiar habitats.
Autism Speaks has committed nearly $199 million to research projects aiming to advance understanding of autism causes, prevention, treatment, and cure. The organization supports six translational postdoctoral fellowships focusing on brain studies, sleep patterns, and social cues in individuals with autism.
A lightweight, compact, and low-cost X-ray system has been developed by Los Alamos National Laboratory and Tribogenics. The MiniMAX camera-based system provides real-time inspection of sealed containers and facilities, enabling new applications in security inspection, field medicine, specimen radiography, and industrial inspection.
Researchers from University College London and the University of Gdansk found new laws governing microscopic systems, leading to fundamental limitations on extracting energy. Microscopic heat engines cannot be as efficient as their larger counterparts, with irreversibility playing a key role.
Adults with a disability are more likely to be obese or extremely obese than those without a disability, according to a recent study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine. The study found nearly 42% of American adults with a disability were reported as obese.
A study found that policies with higher premiums for overweight individuals are perceived as stigmatizing, while 'carrot' plans with premium reductions for healthy-weight people are seen as more effective. Participants also evaluated plans on moral grounds, deciding that punishing someone for being overweight was wrong regardless of po...
A 700,000 year old horse's genome has been sequenced, revealing major genomic changes over the last 700,000 years of evolution. The study provides unprecedented details on the genetic makeup of modern horses and sheds light on the origin of Przewalski's Horse population.
Researchers have identified two genomic variations on chromosome 21 that are associated with the risk of congenital heart disease in people with Down syndrome. The study highlights the complex genetic architecture underlying this common symptom, which is also linked to an increased risk of chronic myeloid leukemia.
The University of Houston has received a $675,000 grant to investigate the effectiveness of transdiagnostic cognitive behavior therapy for smoking cessation among individuals with anxiety disorders. The study aims to reduce tobacco use and develop an effective smoking cessation treatment that targets people with anxiety disorders.
A University of Michigan-led study found that influenza infection significantly increases the likelihood of developing pneumococcal pneumonia, with a risk increase of up to 100-fold. The study suggests that vaccination against both flu and pneumococcal disease is crucial in reducing bacterial pneumonia incidence.
Researchers will study pediatric sarcomas, a rare and aggressive form of cancer affecting 11% of all childhood cancers, with the goal of developing new therapies. The project aims to improve outcomes for children with advanced or metastatic disease, who have limited success with current treatments.
Researchers found that people who believe stress affects their health have double the risk of a heart attack. After adjusting for factors, they still had a 50% greater risk compared to those who didn't perceive stress as affecting their health.
A scientist uses genetic analysis and 3D printing to create facial sculptures of anonymous strangers from their DNA collected from public places. The project raises questions about the limits of personal privacy in the digital age.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new approach to improve solar cells by creating the thinnest and most lightweight panels possible. These panels, made from stacked sheets of one-molecule-thick materials such as graphene or molybdenum disulfide, could produce up to 1,000 times more power per pound than conventional photovoltaics.
Diabetes-related mortality in UK and Canada has declined significantly since the mid-1990s, with a narrowing of the gap in mortality risk between those with and without diabetes. The excess risk of mortality for diabetic patients decreased over time, with notable reductions in all age groups.
Researchers found that people with traumatic brain injury were 30% more likely to develop a stroke than those with trauma with no brain injury. The study looked at records of adults in California who suffered a traumatic brain injury or other trauma without brain injury over five years.
Researchers found tigers in central Sumatra live at lower than expected densities due to high levels of human activity. The study suggests that legal protection and intensive management can reduce human disturbance and facilitate tiger recovery.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine reveals that reported plant genetic material entering human blood may be a false positive, contradicting previous research from Nanjing University. The team used advanced techniques to detect microRNAs in macaques' blood and found highly variable results.
Researchers at RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology successfully cloned mice using a drop of peripheral blood from its tail. This method uses white blood cells, which allow for repeated sampling with minimal risk to the donor mouse. While not surpassing the success rate of cumulus cells, this technique demonstrates a promising altern...
Researchers at the University of East Anglia made a major advancement in understanding tissue development, finding that protein EB2 is a key regulator of tube-like structures inside cells. This discovery has important implications for cancers such as gut, breast and pancreatic cancer.
Researchers have identified a group of compounds that work against human rhinovirus, Coxsackie virus, poliovirus, and enterovirus-71, blocking the ability of these viruses to multiply. These broad-spectrum antiviral drugs hold promise for treating infections like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
A recent study by the USDA Forest Service's Pacific Southwest Research Station reveals that female fishers living near areas with high concentrations of illegal marijuana sites have higher exposure to rodenticides and lower survival rates. The study's findings underscore the urgent need for regulating pesticide use in these areas.
A Swedish study found that exercising as a teenager can reduce the risk of suicidal behavior later in life. Researchers analyzed data from over 1.1 million men and found a link between poor physical shape at age 18 and an increased risk of suicidal behavior as an adult.
Researchers found that exposure to images of Chinese culture impairs English fluency, with higher recognition of literal translations and faster processing times. This disruption occurs due to the automaticity of frame-switching, which sometimes interferes with second-language performance.
Research reveals that focusing on coding regions through high-depth coverage whole genome sequencing can accurately identify genetic variations behind CMT, outperforming exome sequencing. Exome sequencing offers greater sensitivity and fewer false positives due to its higher coverage, providing a superior approach for precision medicine.
Researchers at UCSB have discovered a new potential target in the fight against Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases by exploring the possibility of inhibiting hyperphosphorylated tau. The study found that small molecular kinase inhibitors can efficiently reduce tau phosphorylation and exert a neuroprotective effect, restor...
A study examining food poisoning infection in mice reveals Salmonella takes over beneficial bacteria in the gut, using a previously unknown sugar called fucose. The research provides new insights into infection dynamics and could lead to better prevention or treatments.
A study at Duke University found that lemurs in larger social groups exhibit more 'social intelligence' and are more likely to steal food behind a human's back. The research supports the 'social intelligence hypothesis,' suggesting that living in large social networks drove the evolution of complex social cognition in primates.
The practice of carrying loads on the head has significant biomechanical, maternal, and psycho-social impacts. Load-carrying is linked to poor school attendance and time budgets for women, affecting gender relations.
Researchers found evidence of an early manganese-oxidizing photosystem in ancient South African marine sedimentary rocks, which predates the evolution of oxygenic cyanobacteria. This discovery supports the idea that manganese oxidation provided a stepping-stone for water-oxidizing photosynthesis.
A collaborative EU-funded project aims to discover and develop novel antifungal drugs to combat drug-resistant fungal infections, which kill two million people annually. The NOFUN project brings together partners to accelerate development of broad-spectrum antifungal agents with new modes of action.
A clinical trial of a DNA vaccine has delivered promising results, suggesting that it may selectively counter the immune response that causes Type 1 diabetes. The vaccine reduced levels of immune cells believed responsible for the disease and maintained insulin production levels in patients.
Research shows that almost all children with congenital heart disease have low Vitamin D levels before and after surgery. Children with lower post-operative Vitamin D levels require more life-sustaining therapies and stay in the ICU longer.
A new UCSF study has identified thousands of previously unknown RNA molecules outside genes that are more likely associated with inherited disease risks. The research highlights the potential importance of non-gene DNA regions in human biology.
A study by University of Illinois researchers found that Christians on Twitter use more positive words and engage in less analytical thinking than atheists. The analysis of nearly 2 million tweets also showed that Christians are more likely to tweet about their social relationships.
A study of over 3,000 households found that only 21 percent accounted for 50 percent of greenhouse gas emissions. Large living spaces and long commutes were key factors contributing to a disproportionately large environmental footprint.
The UK chemical industry must radically transform its production processes to achieve absolute emission reductions by 2050, according to a new report. The sector's energy intensity and reliance on high-emission feedstocks pose significant challenges to meeting the Government's 80% greenhouse gas reduction target.
A false-color image from NASA's Landsat 8 satellite captured the extent of the East Peak fire burn scar in southern Colorado. The fire burned nearly 13,500 acres before being extinguished on June 25, 2013.
A zebrafish model reveals defects in motor neuron transport leading to CMT's progressive weakness and long-term pain. Researchers seek funding to identify new treatments for the condition.
A new study published in Gastroenterology reveals a significant increase in drug-induced liver injury cases worldwide. The most common culprits were antibiotics like amoxicillin-clavulante, immunosuppressants such as azathioprine and biologics like infliximab.
Astronomers found two planets smaller than Neptune orbiting Sun-like stars in the dense star cluster NGC 6811. The discovery shows that planets can form and survive even in crowded clusters.
Distal radius fractures, a common elderly fracture, require standardized measurement of clinical outcomes to inform evidence-based practice and research. ISFR-ISOF recommendations promote international consensus on core domains for assessment, including pain, function, and participation.
Hurricane Cosme weakened after being tracked by NASA satellites, causing strong winds on Clarion Island, Mexico. The storm was expected to continue weakening and drop to tropical depression status on June 27.
Dolores H. Hill, a NASA scientist, has been selected by the White House as a Citizen Science Champion of Change for her work on the Target Asteroids project. The project aims to engage amateur astronomers in tracking near-Earth objects and improve our understanding of asteroids.
A virtual skin model developed by researchers at the University of Sheffield and PÎG has revealed that skin has 'sleeping' stem cells which can be woken up to regenerate skin, explaining why our ability to do so reduces with age. The model has implications for combating aging effects and skin cancer.
A new dispatch system could reduce trip lengths by two-thirds and get drivers back home more often, saving money on trucks needed to move freight. The system combines elements of point-to-point and relay networks to optimize load routing and minimize driver impact.
The ISSUE III registry study found that cardiac pacing is more effective in patients with presumed neurally mediated syncope (NMS) and asystolic episodes, than in patients with positive tilt table testing. The registry showed that oral anticoagulation therapy is now widely used in patients with atrial fibrillation.
A large analysis of the Women's Health Initiative trial found that combining hormone therapy with calcium and vitamin D supplements significantly reduces the risk of hip fractures. The study suggests that women taking postmenopausal hormone therapy should consider taking these supplements to boost bone health.
A new class of experimental drugs has shown promise in preventing early memory loss in Alzheimer's disease by targeting a brain enzyme. The compound, MW108, halted memory loss and fixed damaged communication among brain cells in a mouse model of the disease.
A recent study by MBL researchers has identified ZIP12 as a critical transporter for zinc uptake in the brain, essential for embryonic development. Impaired zinc uptake leads to neuronal growth impairment, fatal to developing embryos. The discovery highlights the importance of periconceptional and prenatal nutrition for promoting healt...
Runners in a 200-mile Alpine ultramarathon experienced less muscle damage and fatigue compared to those who ran 103 miles. Protective pacing strategies, combined with sleep deprivation effects, may induce relative muscle preservation.
The University of Houston has selected two students, Antonia Caliboso and Jag Maturi, to lead health-related service initiatives for underserved communities through the Houston-Galveston Albert Schweitzer Fellowship Program. The programs aim to address social determinants of health and promote healthy lifestyles.
A new study by the University of Manchester found that patient suicide and homicide risk is often poorly assessed, with unsatisfactory assessments in about a third of cases. The researchers emphasize the need for individually tailored risk management, moving away from a 'tick-box' approach.
A study by Dr. Zoltan Medgyessy found that applying pressure to the P6 antiemetic point on the inner wrist with an acupressure wristband significantly reduced nausea intensity in patients experiencing migraines, with relief reported after just 28 minutes.
A study of 9,000 Ontario students found that 20% reported a traumatic brain injury in their lifetime, with sports accounting for over half the injuries. The prevalence is higher than previously thought and may be linked to mental health and substance use during adolescence.
A new study has found that crabgrass produces chemicals that inhibit the growth of nearby staple crops like wheat, corn, and soybeans. The research, published in ACS' Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, suggests that crabgrass is not just a nuisance but also a significant cause of crop loss on farms.
The University of Colorado Boulder has joined the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-IV to study the structure and evolution of the universe. The survey will use powerful new instruments to analyze data from galaxies and quasars, shedding light on dark energy and the formation of our galaxy.
A massive fungal meningitis outbreak linked to contaminated steroid injections has been reported in the US, with over 13,000 people affected. Researchers found that a dark-colored environmental mold, Exserohilum rostratum, infects humans mainly through cerebrospinal fluid migration.
A team led by UC Riverside's Karine Le Roch will study the 3-D structure of the malaria parasite's genome during its erythrocytic cycle, which could lead to insights into how parasite genes are regulated. This information is crucial for designing new drugs and novel lines of defense against malaria.
New research correlates oral ingestion of antibiotics with rapid rise in resistance. Alternative routes like injection may slow the spread of resistance genes. The study found that oral administration led to faster development of resistance in mice compared to injection.
A Phase III clinical trial showed that a simple drug regimen of clopidogrel and aspirin lowered the risk of stroke by almost one-third compared to aspirin alone. The three-month period following stroke is critical for medical intervention, and the combination was found to be more effective in preventing subsequent strokes.
Researchers found that bullfinches memorize melody sequences in smaller subunits, anticipating the next note sequence when their human partner stops. The study suggests that songbirds have complex brain processes to learn and recall human melodies accurately.
An independent review of Labour's record in office reveals that both major political parties have overstated their claims and counter-claims on education. The report praises Labour's policy on further education and Education Maintenance Allowance, while accepting that New Labour prioritized education spending.
The study reveals a large block of genes from wild relatives are present in domestic tomatoes, affecting the genome in unexpected ways. Genes associated with fruit color and drought tolerance show rapid evolution among domesticated and wild varieties.
Leading researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst and Maine disagree with a Pew Charitable Trusts 'factsheet' on Bluefin tuna stocks, stating it lacks scientific credibility. The experts advocate for considering alternative hypotheses and multiple population models in stock assessments.
Researchers found that infants as young as 5 months can match positive and negative emotional cues, including facial expressions and vocalizations. This groundbreaking study sheds light on early infant development and suggests babies are more attuned to emotions than previously thought.
Radiology residents primarily use iPads as educational tools, with limited impact on daily clinical duties. Only 12% used iPads to sign dictated reports, and most had not used them for viewing radiologic examinations.
A recent study by Brown University found that Asian Americans' neighborhoods tend to be highly segregated and affluent, unlike other minority groups. Despite this, there is little incentive for Asians to assimilate into white neighborhoods due to their own socioeconomic advantages.
Researchers found that the human shoulder acts like a slingshot during a throw, storing and releasing energy to produce fast throws. This ability first emerged in Homo erectus approximately 2 million years ago and was crucial for hunting and survival.
Researchers reviewed existing studies on nanoparticle toxicity and found that ingestion is unlikely to cause health problems at typical exposure levels. However, the literature lacks evidence on long-term effects or subtle alterations in gut microbial populations.
ScreenPass adds new features to an Android phone's operating system to prevent malicious apps from stealing user passwords. It uses a special-purpose software keyboard and computer vision to track password data and notify users of potential threats.
A 700,000-year-old horse fossil found in the Yukon permafrost has provided new insight into equine evolution, revealing a genome that falls within a line of modern horses and Przewalski's Horses. The study also showed episodes of severe demographic fluctuations in horse populations linked to major climatic changes.
A recent brain imaging study by Boston Children's Hospital suggests that consuming highly processed carbohydrates can stimulate the brain's reward and craving centers, leading to excessive hunger. Limiting high-glycemic index foods may help obese individuals control their appetite.