Articles tagged with Embryonic Stem Cells
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UCSF researchers have created the first functioning human thymus tissue from embryonic stem cells, fostering healthy immune responses and preventing autoimmune reactions in mice. The achievement marks a significant step toward potential new treatments for type-1 diabetes and other autoimmune diseases.
A breakthrough study led by Shoukhrat Mitalipov converts human skin cells into embryonic stem cells using a variation of somatic cell nuclear transfer. The reprogrammed cells can transform into various cell types, including nerve cells, liver cells, and heart cells, without the risk of transplant rejection.
A team of scientists has successfully used Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) to produce human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), opening up new possibilities for personalized therapies. The study's findings offer a promising approach for generating patient-specific stem cells to model diseases and replace damaged tissues.
A collaborative study reveals how modifications in key epigenetic markers influence human embryonic stem cells as they differentiate into specialized cells. The findings provide insights into processes during early human development and tissue formation.
Researchers at NYSCF's Research Institute created patient-specific bone substitutes from skin cells to repair large bone defects. The new method uses induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, which can become any body cell type, and overcomes previous limitations of bone formation.
Researchers developed a three-dimensional human heart muscle patch that conducts electricity like natural tissue and 'squeezes' appropriately. This advancement could be used to treat heart attack patients or test new medications.
Scientists at the University of Edinburgh made a fundamental discovery about how embryonic stem cells renew and increase in number. Reducing the levels of protein Oct 4 enables pluripotent stem cells to self-renew more efficiently.
Scientists at Whitehead Institute have developed a new method for creating genetically altered mice using the CRISPR/Cas technique, which can produce mice with multiple mutations in just three to four weeks. This breakthrough enables the study of human diseases in mice more efficiently and cost-effectively.
A Johns Hopkins study found that suppressing a key gene, HMGA1, in tumor cells reduces their aggression and growth. The researchers hope to develop a new therapy based on this principle to treat tumors resistant to current drugs.
A UCSB researcher has identified a protein molecule that helps maintain adult stem cells in fruit flies, revealing insights into regenerative medicine. The study found that this protein, castor, plays a critical role in specifying brain cell types during embryonic development and maintaining follicle stem cells throughout life.
Researchers at University of Wisconsin-Madison successfully transplanted human embryonic stem cells into mouse brains to repair damaged neural circuits. The study demonstrates the potential for stem cell therapy to treat neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's and depression.
Scientists can now better study human disease using induced pluripotent stem cells (IPS), which can generate any cell type. This technology reduces the risk of organ/tissue rejection in cell transplants and allows for the correction of mutations in IPS cells.
Researchers found a few hundred super-enhancers control key genes in healthy cells, but cancer cells create their own to overproduce harmful oncogenes leading to aggressive tumors.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have devised a way to mimic the spatially oriented signaling that cells normally experience. They found that the location of a "divide now" signal on the membrane of a human embryonic stem cell governs where in that cell the plane of division occurs.
Researchers successfully transplanted neural cells derived from adult monkey skin into their brains, developing into several types of mature brain cells. The transplants showed minimal immune rejection and no signs of cancer, paving the way for potential treatment for diseases like Parkinson's.
Researchers at Georg-August-Universität Göttingen used parthenogenic stem cells to create cardiomyocytes and engineered heart muscle with normal properties. This breakthrough demonstrates the potential of parthenogenic stem cells for tissue engineering and could lead to new cell replacement therapies.
Scientists successfully repurposed human alpha cells into functional beta cells by modifying chromatin material, demonstrating the potential for a novel diabetes treatment. The study also reveals that many genes in alpha cells are marked with both activating and repressing histone modifications.
Researchers at VIB developed a mouse model to study the molecular mechanisms determining cellular identity, enabling targeted manipulation of iPS cells for safer and more effective therapies. This breakthrough advances cell therapy using iPS cells for regenerative medicine applications.
IBN researchers successfully generated human kidney cells from human embryonic stem cells in vitro, providing a potentially unlimited source of cells for in vitro toxicology testing and regenerative medicine applications. The cells displayed similar gene and protein expression patterns to those isolated from fresh human kidney samples.
A new study by SFU chemist Bingyun Sun and colleagues reveals that the number of sugars (N-Glycans) on membrane proteins correlates with their function in five animal species. The correlation has been conserved through evolution, suggesting a universal mechanism for stabilizing glycoproteins.
Scientists at the University of Southampton have created a method to generate bone cells on nanoscale surfaces, opening up new opportunities for bone repair therapies. The research used human embryonic stem cells cultured on plastic materials with nanotopographical patterns, without chemical enhancement.
Researchers from University of Copenhagen identify Fbxl10 as crucial for embryonic stem cell differentiation and suggest it as a potential target for cancer therapy. The protein recruits Polycomb complexes to silence genes, maintaining cellular identity.
Scientists have identified a natural trigger that enables stem cells to develop into different cell types in the body, including liver and brain cells. The discovery of protein Tcf15 could help improve techniques for turning stem cells into other cell types in the laboratory.
Researchers have successfully printed human embryonic stem cells using a novel valve-based technique, enabling the creation of three-dimensional tissues and structures. The breakthrough could speed up drug testing and pave the way for transplantable organs without donation.
Scientists develop the first maturation-based disease model for arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C) using patient skin cells. The model mimics adult-onset disease by inducing adult-like metabolism, revealing metabolic malfunction and abnormal protein activation as key drivers of the disease.
Researchers at BUSM demonstrate that tissues derived from patient-specific induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are not rejected when transplanted back into genetically identical recipients. The study finds that differentiated iPS cells can mature into various cell types, including neuronal, hepatocyte, and endothelial cells, without i...
A study by UMass Chan Medical School scientists has discovered that the retrovirus HERV-H is extremely active in human embryonic stem cells, making up to 2% of total RNA. This finding may aid in the development of induced pluripotent stem cell technology and transform current stem cell therapies.
Scientists at Texas Biomedical Research Institute have demonstrated that baboon embryonic stem cells can completely restore a severely damaged artery. The results show promise for developing stem cell therapies to restore human tissues or organs damaged by age or disease.
A new method of generating stem cells could significantly enhance drug screening and treatment for diseases such as Huntington's and Parkinson's. Researchers developed water-based gels that support the growth of human embryonic stem cells, reducing damage and increasing efficiency.
Researchers from Scotland have demonstrated a way to sort embryonic stem cells based on their electrical properties. The method uses electric fields to differentiate between undifferentiated and differentiated stem cells, which can be useful for biomedical research and potential treatments of diseases like Parkinson's.
Researchers found that stem cell protein Ell3 marks enhancers that regulate gene expression, priming them for future activation. This discovery has significant implications for understanding cancer and development.
Researchers investigated five cell types in CNS transplantation, finding none showed significant repair benefits. Despite differences in immune responses, only a few cells survived, highlighting the need for further research to better understand cell graft induced tissue damage.
Researchers discovered that embryo growth is controlled by oscillating gene expression in neighboring cells, resulting in well-proportioned animals. The speed of this wave determines the size of future vertebrae, with faster waves indicating larger vertebrae.
Researchers identify protein kinase Akt as a regulator of cancer stem cell biology, linking its hyperactivation to cancer resistance. The findings suggest that targeting Akt could be a new approach for killing cancer stem cells in cancer therapy.
Two novel treatments for retinitis pigmentosa have shown promising results in mouse models, with stem cell grafts improving vision and gene therapy restoring photoreceptor cells. The treatments aim to provide a potentially unlimited supply of cells and offer an alternative to immunosuppression.
Cedars-Sinai researchers have successfully converted ordinary heart cells into pacemaker cells using a single gene, Tbx18. The new cells generate electrical impulses and are indistinguishable from native pacemaker cells, offering a potential alternative to electronic pacing devices.
The study identifies two surface markers Flt1 and Flt4 on cardiovascular progenitor cells, allowing scientists to isolate and mature these cells into functional heart muscle cells. This breakthrough could revolutionize the treatment of heart disease by replacing lost cardiomyocytes.
Scientists from the Danish Stem Cell Center found that stem cells grow better in three-dimensional environments, leading to improved insulin-producing cell development. This discovery holds promise for improving diabetes treatment with cell therapy.
Researchers have created a new stem-like state of adult epithelial cells, which exhibit attributes favoring regenerative medicine. These cells do not express genes found in embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, making them stable and less prone to forming tumors.
Scientists at Stanford Medicine have found a way to let the body direct differentiation of transplanted stem cells without forced manipulation. This breakthrough could speed FDA approval and enable new therapies using pluripotent stem cells.
A Stanford/Yale study reveals that induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) are not as genetically unstable as previously thought. The research found that the perceived changes in iPS cell genetic makeup were actually accurate reflections of existing, but previously undetected, genetic variations among human cells. This discovery is ...
A team of scientists at the University of Pennsylvania has uncovered cellular impediments to induced pluripotent stem cell development, which could improve efficiency and speed. The study found that reprogramming factors interact with chromatin and overcome structural roadblocks to bind DNA.
Researchers have developed a safe co-culture system using human umbilical cord blood cells to support the expansion of human embryonic stem cells. This method eliminates the risk of tumor formation associated with traditional feeder cultures, making it a more feasible option for cell transplantation.
A new international collaboration sheds light on the timing mechanism of vertebrae formation in vertebrate embryos, revealing the crucial role of molecular oscillators. The study provides real-time visual evidence of how these 'clocks' operate at the level of individual cells.
A recent study led by Caltech researchers provides new insights into the process of neural crest cell development. The team discovered that DNA-methyltransferase (DNMT) enzyme acts as a switch to determine which cells will remain part of the central nervous system and which will become neural crest cells.
A team of researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine has successfully restored fertility in male primates who became sterile due to cancer drug side effects. The study involved transplanting spermatogonial stem cells into testes, resulting in functional sperm that fertilized eggs and produced early embryos.
Researchers at Boston University developed a novel technique to produce human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from peripheral blood, offering an ethical alternative to embryonic stem cells. The method has been published in JoVE and provides a valuable resource for studying rare genetic disorders.
A group of researchers has identified four specific transcription factor genes that control processes related to heart and head muscle formation. This basic research will provide a road map to ultimately allow scientists to grow the cell types needed to repair such defects from stem cells generated from a person's own body.
A team of scientists has discovered a critical protein, Utf1, that balances activation and deactivation of genes for cell differentiation. This finding sheds light on the complex process of embryonic stem cell self-renewal and differentiation.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have devised an efficient and safer way to make induced pluripotent stem cells by using just proteins that encode genes. The study identifies a critical component in how these cells transform, which could pave the way for their use in humans.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College have discovered a way to utilize diagnostic prenatal amniocentesis cells to regenerate damaged blood vessels and repair injured organs. The study, published in Cell, shows that reprogrammed endothelial cells can be frozen and banked for potential use in patients with vascular diseases.
A study by Columbia University ophthalmologists and stem cell researchers found that induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can improve the vision of blind mice, suggesting a potential treatment for macular degeneration. The iPS cells were derived from adult human skin cells and functioned as normal retina cells in the animals' old age.
A new study by UC Davis researchers found that induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) share significant similarities with malignant cancer cells, highlighting the need for caution in clinical use. The findings suggest that iPSCs could cause cancer and may require additional safety measures before they can be used to treat diseases.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have developed a way to detect and eliminate potentially troublemaking stem cells, making stem cell therapy safer. The new approach uses a chemotherapeutic agent that selectively damages the DNA of the stem cells, efficiently killing the tumor-forming cells without affecting healthy ones.
A new regulator for heart formation has been discovered by studying DNA packaging in embryonic stem cells. The researchers found that specific genetic regulators are activated at distinct times during the process of transforming stem cells into heart muscle cells, revealing potential insights into human development and organ repair.
Researchers developed a new method to identify proteins secreted by cells, eliminating drawbacks of traditional approaches. This technique isolates the 'secretory pathway' organelles and analyzes their contents using mass spectrometry, providing precise data on cell biology.
Researchers found that Cell Banker 3 outperformed other cryopreservation solutions in preserving induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell viability and proliferation. The solution allows iPS cells to be preserved for up to a year without significant loss of function.
Researchers at Salk Institute discover a unique molecular signature in induced pluripotent stem cells, consisting of nine genes that govern epigenetic changes. This finding could help overcome hurdles to using induced stem cells in regenerative medicine and provide a new understanding of their safety profile.
A new study has outlined how interactions between genes, proteins and molecules direct the development of stem cells into mature heart cells. The research could help scientists better understand how genetic mutations lead to congenital heart defects and assist efforts to engineer artificial heart tissue.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes have mapped the precise order and timing of hundreds of genetic switches required for heart development, offering new clues into the genetic basis for congenital heart disease. The study identifies groups of genes that work together in a coordinated fashion to control heart formation.