Articles tagged with Endothelial Cells
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Research found chronic use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) accelerates vascular aging in humans, leading to increased cardiovascular disease, vascular dementia, and renal failure. PPIs like esomeprazole are widely used but not approved for long-term use.
Researchers found that human coronary artery endothelial cells showed a reduced stress response to e-cigarette aerosol compared to conventional cigarette smoke. This suggests that switching from traditional cigarettes to e-cigarettes may lead to reduced immediate harm for tobacco smokers.
Researchers found that part of the liver vasculature is derived from the endocardium in the developing heart, with endocardial VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling playing a crucial role in liver angiogenesis and organogenesis. The discovery provides new insights into liver development and regeneration.
Research suggests that haemodynamic forces play a critical role in shaping endothelial cells during angiogenesis, leading to the expansion and maintenance of vascular lumens. The study's findings challenge previous ideas about blood flow's impact on vascular development.
The study reveals that PAR-1 and PAR-2 activation by thrombin and specific peptides differentially regulates eNOS phosphorylation, leading to increased or decreased NO production. PAR-3 induces eNOS-Thr-495 phosphorylation only, whereas PAR-4 is not expressed in human coronary artery endothelial cells.
Researchers at Lehigh University developed a technique to observe cell-to-cell interaction in an environment that closely mimics the human body. This innovation enables real-time microscopic analysis, ideal for developing targeted drugs and testing precision treatments.
Researchers at the University of Missouri School of Medicine have identified an enzyme that may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease caused by HIV medications. The enzyme, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), offers protection against endothelial cell dysfunction when used in conjunction with protease inhibitors.
Researchers have created artificial arteries containing both endothelial and media layers, demonstrating normal communication and function. The new technique allows for miniaturized arteries to test drugs for efficacy and side effects, potentially enabling quicker experimentation and more accurate testing.
Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine have identified how the parasite <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> infects the brain by tracking its movement and reproduction in living tissues. The study provides insights into treatment strategies to combat the parasite, which can be life-threatening for people w...
A team of Wisconsin researchers has successfully transformed mouse fibroblasts into primitive master heart cells, which can form the developing heart. The technology could permit a scalable method for making an almost unlimited supply of cardiac progenitor cells, providing material to study heart disease and potentially treat diseased ...
A team from Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München has discovered that the enzyme Dicer promotes the development of atherosclerosis by activating endothelial cells. Inhibition of Dicer using a specific microRNA reduces inflammation and atherosclerotic plaque formation.
A research group led by Makoto Kobayashi has shed light on the mechanism of hemangioblast differentiation into blood cells and vascular endothelia. LSD1 histone demethylase plays a crucial role in silencing Etv2, a transcription factor gene required for hemangioblast formation.
A team of researchers developed a method for guiding replacement cells to diseased vascular segments using nanoparticles, which demonstrated promising results in mice. The fresh cells exert their curative effect in these segments by producing nitric oxide and regulating blood vessel expansion.
Researchers found that nanostructured phases of segmental polyurethanes can guide endothelial cells into networks, crucial for vascular structure formation. Material-induced solid state phase morphology provides cues to endothelial cells without biological stimuli.
Regenerative medicine researchers at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center have found that decellularized human pancreata can be used as a platform for building a new bio-artificial pancreas. The study successfully re-populated the organ structures with patient cells and showed promising results in animal trials.
MicroRNAs, specifically miR-125a, control endothelial cell proliferation and are increased in lung tissue of hypoxia-exposed animals. Inhibition of miR-125a increases expression of tumor suppressor genes, reducing cell proliferation.
A study by Rice University researchers has solved a long-standing mystery about the storage and secretion of blood-clotting factor VIII. The protein is both stored and secreted from a specialized organelle in endothelial cells, which line the walls of blood vessels.
An in vitro study found that smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells respond uniquely to mechanical stretching, with different frequencies triggering distinct adaptations. Understanding these responses could lead to cell-type specific activation of vascular cells for improved regenerative medicine strategies.
A recent study by Temple researchers reveals a potential molecular link between excess fat in the blood and the recovery of damaged blood vessels. The study shows that inhibiting a specific molecule called caspase-1 could enhance blood vessel growth and restore oxygen supply to tissues.
The study identifies two enzymes, KDM4A and KDM4C, which alter gene expression in embryonic stem cells to direct their differentiation into endothelial cells. The enzymes work through epigenetic modifications, changing the activity of genes without altering DNA itself.
A new study published in Cell found that human heart muscle cells are primarily formed during childhood, with only 40% replaced throughout a person's life. This discovery suggests it may be possible to stimulate the rebuilding of lost heart tissue through therapeutic strategies.
Researchers created a human embryonic stem cell model that allows real-time tracking of cellular behavior during early human development. The study discovered critical molecular cues required for the formation of the neurovascular unit, comprising endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and autonomic neurons.
Researchers discovered that netrin-1 regulates the blood-brain barrier by promoting tight junction proteins. Delivering netrin-1 to mice with MS improved symptoms, highlighting its potential therapeutic benefits.
A novel in vitro live-cell platform allows direct visualization of endothelial cell injury patterns after clot removal. Researchers validated their findings with in vivo testing, offering significant promise for future device design and improving post-stroke recovery outcomes.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes have discovered a chain of events that cause healthy valves to become bone-like. They identified three key genes that are altered in calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) and found a potential therapeutic target by manipulating their activity, pointing to novel treatments for the condition.
Susac syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease causing acute confusion, hearing problems, and eyesight issues. It is often misdiagnosed as multiple sclerosis or ADEM, but may be considered in young patients with unexplained acute onset of confusion and abnormal spinal fluid tests
Researchers found that endothelial cells, which line blood vessels, increase the ability of pluripotent stem cells to form blood cell lineages. This improves their potential for transplantation, offering a new hope for treatment of certain blood disorders.
Researchers found that inhibiting the activity of a signaling protein called MEKK3 could prevent CCM-related heart defects and potentially treat the disorder. The study also identified a previously unknown signaling pathway involved in CCMs.
Researchers have created a new hydrogel that can be injected into wounds, forming scaffolds that help them heal quickly. The material promotes angiogenesis, the growth of blood vessels, which is essential for tissue repair and reduces the risk of complications.
Researchers found that endothelial cells, the cells lining blood vessels, play a more active role in tumor growth than previously thought. A combination therapy involving anti-Angiopoietin-2 and metronomic chemotherapy showed promising results in reducing metastatic growth and improving survival rates in mice.
Dr. Felix Ikuomola, a PhD candidate, is searching for natural products from Hawaii's oceans that can block sepsis by inhibiting endothelial cell permeability. His work aims to provide treatment options for the leading cause of death in the US and a major complication of cancer.
A recent study found that cell division in endothelial cells leads to the formation of large, ordered eddies in tissue, which may help widen blocked blood vessels and aid healing. The researchers used phase-contrast microscopy to observe the movement of new cells and found characteristic turbulence patterns.
A new, physiologically realistic in vitro model of the pediatric blood-brain barrier has been developed and successfully tested. The model, called B3C, mimics the human BBB's structure and function, and has shown promise for studying neurological diseases and testing novel therapies.
Researchers are investigating a protein that may be key to disabling endothelial dysfunction, a major risk factor for vascular disease in diabetes. By blocking PTP1B expression, the study aims to improve nitric oxide production and reduce inflammation, potentially leading to more effective treatments for diabetes-related complications.
Researchers at Houston Methodist develop a new approach to regrow damaged blood vessels using trans-differentiated fibroblasts, improving blood flow and oxygenation. The technique shows promise for treating cardiovascular damage and injuries with minimal risk of chromosome damage.
Researchers identify a new type of melanoma cell in blood vessels that resists anti-angiogenic therapies. The cells, which express the protein PECAM1, help tumors evade treatment by forming functional blood-filled channels.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine have discovered a new way to generate more blood vessels following a heart attack by turning fibroblasts into endothelial cells. Increasing the level of p53 in scar-forming cells significantly reduces scarring and improves heart function after heart attack.
Newly created endothelial colony-forming cells can proliferate into human blood vessels, restoring blood flow in mice with damaged tissues. The discovery opens the door for potential treatments for diseases like amputation and blindness.
Researchers found that endothelial cells in eyes with glaucoma are stiffer than healthy cells, leading to increased flow resistance and elevated pressure. This mechanical dysfunction may lead to a cure for the debilitating disease.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have found that endothelial cells in the coronary arteries can function as cardiac stem cells to produce new heart muscle tissue. This discovery could lead to new treatments for heart failure and repair after a heart attack, particularly in cases of coronary artery disease.
Researchers at USF and CUMC developed a novel microRNA-based strategy to selectively inhibit blood vessel re-narrowing while promoting vessel healing. The therapy achieved 80% endothelial cell coverage in rat models, reducing thrombosis and functional vascular responses.
Drs. DeBaun and Hebbel will present their lecture on sickle cell disease, highlighting improved understanding but continued challenges. Their research focuses on cerebrovascular injury and asthma, with implications for treatment and care.
Researchers at Stanford Medicine found that coaxing iPS cells in the laboratory to become more-specialized progeny cells before transplantation into mice allows them to be tolerated by the immune system. This process reduces the risk of rejection and eliminates the need for immunosuppression.
Researchers have found that coating stents with vitamin C could lower implant-related risks by inhibiting smooth muscle cell growth and encouraging endothelial cells. This technique could make stents safer for millions of Americans who receive them annually.
Researchers have made an unexpected discovery about endothelial cell behavior during angiogenesis, revealing a continuum of migratory states regulated by differential cell-cell adhesions. This new mechanism may contribute to disease progression, including cancer, where blood vessel formation is critical for tumor growth.
Researchers at UC Irvine and Salk Institute discover a new mechanism that allows blood to enter the brain immediately after a stroke, leading to permanent deficits in movement and cognition. The study suggests new therapeutic directions aimed at regulating flow through endothelial cells in the barrier after a stroke occurs.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have discovered that mechanical forces generated by the rhythmic expansion and contraction of cardiac muscle cells play an active role in the initial stage of heart valve formation. This study provides a new perspective on the process, shedding light on how to create artificial heart valves.
Scientists at the University of Freiburg have discovered a new paradigm for targeting specific cell types using nanoparticles. They developed particles that can recognize endothelial cells through biophysical principles, allowing for precise delivery to cancer cells without changing biological addresses. This breakthrough has significa...
A new study reveals that high levels of glucose in diabetes patients induce the production of PGC-1alpha in endothelial cells, preventing them from growing properly. This leads to vascular dysfunction and impaired wound healing, increasing the risk of microvascular complications.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital have developed a new pathway to reverse lung diseases in mice by coaxing the production of healthy cells. By enhancing the natural signaling pathway, they successfully increased the production of alveolar epithelial cells, which line the small sacs where gas exchange takes place.
A team of scientists found that a protein called focal adhesion kinase (FAK) enables tumor cells to spread into the bloodstream by weakening the blood vessel barrier. Selective inhibition of FAK within endothelial cells prevents spontaneous tumor metastasis without altering tumor size.
Researchers found that focal adhesion kinase (FAK) plays a crucial role in enabling cancer cells to enter the bloodstream. FAK helps open endothelial cell layers, allowing tumor cells to metastasize.
A new 'fluid biopsy' technique identifies circulating endothelial cells as markers in the bloodstream to predict early onset of heart attacks. The test distinguishes patients undergoing treatment for a recent heart attack from healthy controls, offering a potential solution for clinical use.
Researchers developed a test to predict early onset of heart attacks by identifying circulating endothelial cells (CECs) in the blood. The technique has been successful in distinguishing patients undergoing treatment for a recent heart attack with healthy controls.
A national study funded by the National Eye Institute found that most corneal transplants from donors aged 34-71 have remarkable longevity, with success rates remaining steady at 75% after 10 years. Corneas from younger donors had higher success rates, while those from older donors showed slightly lower performance.
A new study published in The FASEB Journal found that microgravity accelerates biological aging, causing inflammation among endothelial cells, which leads to atherosclerosis and cell senescence. The research highlights the challenges of sending humans deeper into space for longer periods.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine discovered that blood vessel cells can release beneficial molecules to repair and regenerate organs. The study found that endothelial cells possess tissue-specific genes that code for unique growth factors and adhesion molecules.
Researchers found JAM-A facilitates immune cell recruitment to arteries, promoting plaque formation. Reducing JAM-A levels can slow lesion growth, but deleting the molecule from monocytes causes damage and increases plaques.
Researchers have discovered a compound that successfully blocks smooth muscle growth and promotes repair of the injured endothelium in stented arteries. This innovation has the potential to eliminate blood clots forming inside stents, reducing the risk of complications.
Researchers successfully grew vascular endothelial cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells, mimicking the flow of blood to differentiate cell types. The iPS-derived cells display critical functions carried out by mature endothelium in the body, including mounting inflammatory responses and preventing blood clots.