Articles tagged with Endothelial Cells
Recent studies suggest COVID-19 may cause a range of cardiovascular problems, from mild cell damage to life-threatening cardiogenic shock. The causes of these heart issues are still unknown, with factors such as inflammation response and autoimmune phenomena being investigated.
A new bioengineering technique called CardioCluster has shown promise in improving heart function after a heart attack by reducing scar tissue. The clusters of mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells, and cardiac interstitial cells persist in the heart walls for up to five months.
Scientists have identified new genes that are overexpressed in endothelial cells of people with Down syndrome, increasing their risk for leukemia. The study suggests these genes could be therapeutic targets for developing novel treatments and prevention strategies.
A University of Houston researcher has identified sphingomyelinase as a key player in the development of obesity-induced cardiovascular disease. The study aims to develop therapeutic strategies for treatment or prevention of this condition, which affects millions worldwide.
Scientists have identified new points to calm frenzied energy production in the retina, enabling recovery. The excessive byproducts of glycolysis initiate a vicious loop of crosstalk between endothelial cells and microglia, promoting inflammation and dysfunctional blood vessels.
Researchers developed a novel two-step targeting strategy to selectively deliver therapies to the brain by exploiting the high impermeability of the BBB. This approach allows for specific brain targeting with minimal accumulation in peripheral organs, paving the way for increased clinical translation of nanoparticle-based therapies.
A new optical coherence tomography (OCT) instrument has been developed to image the curved layers of the cornea with cell-level detail, enabling improved monitoring of eye diseases and general health conditions. The device provides a large viewing area, allowing for more precise counting of cells and nerves.
Researchers identify a protein called BafA produced by bacteria that induces angiogenesis in human endothelial cells, leading to the formation of new blood vessels and lesions. The discovery opens new possibilities for studying angiogenesis and developing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for bartonellosis.
Researchers found that mice with a common genetic mutation in autism spectrum disorder had delayed and weaker blood vessel responses, which led to neuronal dysfunction and autistic traits. The study suggests that problems with blood vessels begin early in life and can contribute to the development of autism.
miR-151a regulates endothelial cell motility and angiogenesis, with Slug expression required for these functions, providing new insights into the processes in the lung niche environment. The study highlights the potential of miR-151a as a therapeutic target against lung cancer.
Researchers discovered a microRNA named miR-126-5p that protects endothelial cells from damage and reduces atherosclerosis risk. By inhibiting caspase-3 activity, miR-126-5p maintains vascular integrity and prevents the development of atherosclerotic lesions.
Scientists at Temple University Health System discovered a novel mechanism between mitochondrial fission and endothelial cell inflammation. Salicylate reduces mitochondrial fragmentation, inflammation, and oxidative stress in the cardiovascular system.
Researchers developed a miniature human vein device called Vein-Chip to study changes in vein wall cells and blood flow that lead to DVT. The technology allows for testing various factors such as gender and ethnicity to predict DVT risk, paving the way for personalized therapies.
Researchers at CNIC have identified an inflammatory regulatory circuit controlled by endothelial cells in the eye, which may regulate retinal vascular diseases and inflammatory disorders. The discovery provides new perspectives on treating conditions like age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
A team of scientists at Hong Kong University of Science and Technology develops a novel optical technique to label single hemogenic endothelium cells in zebrafish embryos and track their descendants. The technology uses infrared laser-evoked gene operator (IRLEGO) to achieve precise single-cell labeling, overcoming previous limitations.
A study has created a database on endothelial cells, which may enhance our understanding of the complex network of blood vessels in the mammalian body. The research team identified 78 endothelial cell subclusters, including unexpected subtypes, that can inform the development of new treatments for diseases.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have identified distinct genetic profiles for endothelial cells in various organs, including heart, brain, and lungs. These findings suggest that targeting specific blood vessels could lead to more effective treatments for vascular diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers developed an advanced blood vessel model to study progeria, a devastating genetic disease. The model shows that the endothelium, not just smooth muscle cells, plays a crucial role in progeria symptoms, and dynamic 3D models are necessary to understand its effects.
Scientists create a bilayer platform that can alter surface topographies using shape-memory polymers and gold nanorods to promote cell polarization and collective migration of vascular endothelial cells. This approach enables dynamic manipulation of cell functions, mimicking the native ECM-mediated effects in the human body.
Researchers propose evaluating vascular function in women starting in middle age to detect early signs of vascular aging and reduce heart disease risk. This approach could help establish a baseline of vascular health, measure effectiveness of lifestyle changes and clinical treatment for cardiovascular disease.
A new vasculogenic niche contributes to cardiac lymphatic system development, with cells originating from different tissues. The coronary lymphatic vessels have varied origins and functions.
Researchers at Osaka University discovered that ESAM, a surface marker for hematopoietic stem cells and vascular endothelial cells, is crucial for the development of definitive hematopoiesis, especially adult-type erythropoiesis. The study found that ESAM-deficient mice had impaired hematopoiesis-supporting ability.
Researchers developed a remote-controlled 'smart' platform to mimic natural extracellular matrix-mediated endothelialization. The platform uses shape-memory polymers and gold nanorods to direct programmed vascular endothelium remodeling in a temporally controllable manner, offering new possibilities for treating cardiovascular disease.
Researchers at Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering developed an AAV-based gene therapy that targets leaky lung cells by overexpressing the CD98hc protein. This approach shows great promise in reducing vascular leakage and improving lung function, offering a new hope for treating pulmonary edema.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have developed a way to 3D print living skin complete with blood vessels. The advancement brings researchers closer to creating grafts that are more like the skin our bodies produce naturally, which can accelerate wound healing and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers link high glucose levels to impaired circadian clock function in obesity, which may drive cardiovascular disease. Intermittent fasting and clock repair drugs show promise in restoring normal circadian rhythms and improving cardiovascular health.
Scientists fabricate multilayer blood vessels with unique biomolecules that transform into functional blood vessels when implanted. The result is a fully functional blood vessel with enhanced strength and anti-thrombosis functions.
Research reveals how breast cancer cells use exosomes to bypass the blood-brain barrier and spread to the brain. Exosomes trick endothelial cells into taking them up, allowing cancer cells to metastasize, and can also manipulate astrocytes to facilitate tumor growth.
A Yale-led study reveals that transforming growth factor beta (TGFß) proteins trigger inflammation in endothelial cells, leading to plaque buildup and atherosclerosis. Disrupting TGFβ receptors with RNAi drug reduces inflammation and plaque effectively.
Researchers develop a high-resolution printing method to create complex tissue shapes in a biocompatible hydrogel containing stem cells. The resulting tissue can be vascularized by adding endothelial cells, enabling the creation of functional bioprinted organs with unprecedented speed and design freedom.
A new mathematical model reveals that breast cancer cells can change shape to facilitate spreading to other parts of the body. The researchers also found that these cells can cross the endothelium barrier with greater ease, which is a critical step in metastasis.
Scientists at the University of Edinburgh have developed a system to study endothelial cells, which line blood vessel walls. This breakthrough could lead to therapies that promote new blood vessel growth and help treat conditions like heart disease.
A new microfluidic organ chip model of the human blood-brain barrier has been developed, allowing for in vivo-like transport of drugs and therapeutic antibodies. The model recapitulates the physical barrier functions and transport abilities of the human BBB, offering a significant advance in drug development.
Research reveals pressure-sensing protein piezo 1 plays a key role in lung edema development. Suppressing its activity or bolstering adherens junctions may prevent fluid entry into the lungs.
Researchers used stem cells to investigate the impact of e-liquids on cardiovascular disease, revealing that cinnamon and menthol flavors are the most toxic. The study found that acute exposure to flavored e-liquids worsens endothelial dysfunction, which often precedes cardiovascular diseases.
A Stanford-led study found that e-cigarette flavorings may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease when inhaled. The researchers discovered that certain flavors, such as cinnamon and menthol, were particularly harmful to endothelial cells, which line the interior of blood vessels.
A new study found that exposure to flavored e-cigarette liquids and e-cigarette use exacerbate endothelial cell dysfunction, a key risk factor for heart disease. The researchers observed pro-inflammatory markers and toxic effects on cells from various e-liquids.
Researchers at Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine have successfully engineered vascularized functional renal tissues using a novel biomimetic scaffold. The study's findings suggest that this approach may be a more feasible and practical treatment strategy for patients with chronic kidney disease.
Researchers found that cancer cells can capitalize on temporary gaps in endothelial cell layers caused by physical forces and mechanical stresses, allowing them to migrate through and colonize new organs. This opportunistic approach complements chemical signaling and enables cancer cells to spread more efficiently.
Researchers discovered that tumors subvert endothelial cells' ability to form new blood vessels, using microRNA to control gene expression. Delivering this microRNA to endothelial cells in mice slowed tumor growth and reduced blood vessel formation.
Researchers at UT Southwestern have found that SR-B1 and DOCK4 proteins ferry LDL particles into and across endothelial cells, driving the development of atherosclerosis. Deleting these proteins from endothelial cells reduces LDL entry and atherosclerotic plaque formation.
A Kanazawa University study reveals that RAGE binds to oxytocin, facilitating its transport through the blood-brain barrier and central nervous system. The findings show that oxytocin plays a crucial role in maternal nurturing behaviors, with reduced survival rates observed in offspring when mothers lack functional RAGE.
Researchers at UVA Health System found that perivascular cells are essential for complete blood vessel formation. The discovery offers new direction for treating conditions like diabetes and heart attacks by growing functional blood vessels.
Researchers created a 3D vascularized proximal tubule model to study renal reabsorption outside the human body. The model exhibited functional epithelial and endothelial cell morphologies and transported glucose effectively, allowing for the testing of drugs and modeling of diseases.
Researchers at Florida State University have discovered that a natural immune system response can cause further harm after a spinal cord injury. The study found that the process of clearing myelin debris from the injury site can lead to inflammation and the formation of abnormal blood vessels, inhibiting recovery.
A study published in Developmental Cell reveals that TAK1 preserves endothelial cell survival in an inflammatory environment, suggesting its potential as a target for anti-angiogenic therapy. The researchers used a unique mouse model to show that TAK1 is essential for endothelial cell survival during inflammation and injury.
Aging endothelium displays reduced vasomotor functions and angiogenic capabilities due to increased oxidative stress. Lifestyle factors like exercise and omega-3 intake influence Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs), which support endothelial health and function.
A recent study discovered a non-coding genetic variant, rs17114036, that enhances endothelial response to blood flow, reducing the risk of coronary artery disease. This variant is associated with increased expression of phospholipid phosphatase 3 (PLPP3), which promotes vascular health.
Researchers are creating three-dimensional models of blood vessels using pig arteries and human endothelial cells to study fibroblast behavior. This could provide a powerful tool for diabetes basic research and drug screening systems.
Research suggests that leptin levels play a crucial role in protecting the cardiovascular system from damage. When leptin levels are optimal, they help restore balance to the body's physiological processes, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham have discovered a characteristic of the Descemet membrane that can cause difficulties for surgeons performing corneal transplants. The study found that elastin, an elastic-like fiber, governs the direction of the membrane's roll and may be responsible for its unidirectional behavior.
A UCI research team found that brain endothelial cells can engulf and deposit red blood cells outside of blood vessels without a blood vessel tear. This discovery could lead to new efforts to eliminate brain bleeding and its consequences.
Dr. Ming-Hui Zou's research focuses on how high glucose affects mitochondria, leading to atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. The study aims to understand the cellular mechanisms behind these complications and explore potential self-defense mechanisms.
Researchers at the University of Basel have found that endothelial cells can migrate within vessel sprouts while remaining firmly attached to each other. This process allows for the formation of a complex network of blood vessels that pass through the body from head to toe.
Researchers identified three key proteins that determine blood vessel growth and behavior, which may become new therapeutic targets. A novel approach focusing on endothelial cell metabolism could outperform current anti-VEGF therapies in efficacy.
Researchers discovered that endothelial cells instruct neurons on their correct positioning in the cerebral cortex through laminin secretion. This finding highlights the importance of neurovascular communication in brain development and may hold key to treating dementia and mental illness.
Researchers found that injecting vasoactive intestinal peptide into the eye of mice significantly improved corneal graft survival. The treatment accelerated endothelial wound closure and protected corneal endothelial cells, leading to clearer grafts. This breakthrough could lead to better outcomes for patients with corneal disease.
Researchers at the University of Exeter discovered new compounds that can reverse key aspects of human cell aging by targeting mitochondria. The findings, published in the journal Aging, show a significant reduction in senescent cells and potential therapeutic applications for anti-aging treatments.
Scientists have discovered a new relationship between the enzyme PDIA1 and Drp1 that drives endothelial cell damage in diabetes. Restoring a healthy balance of PDIA1 and Drp1 may provide new treatment targets for diseases associated with endothelial cell senescence.
Researchers found that stabilizing dysfunctional endothelial cells with approved drugs reverses cellular dysfunction in a rat model of cerebral small vessel disease. The study suggests a potential new treatment for vascular dementia, which is a major cause of cognitive disability in the elderly.