Researchers at NCBS discovered that dopamine released by nerve cells activates faster motor neurons, allowing zebrafish to swim faster. This finding suggests motor neuron plasticity can be exploited for rehabilitation after spinal cord injury or stroke.
Researchers at UC Davis found a 50% reduction in greenhouse gases to produce the same quantity and quality of milk between 1964 and 2014. The study also revealed significant reductions in water use and land requirements, saving an amount of land equal to the size of Connecticut.
A new study found that racial and ethnic minority women are more likely to experience gaps in insurance coverage during pregnancy, leading to increased risks of maternal morbidity and mortality. The study suggests that extending Medicaid coverage to one year after birth could reduce disparities in postpartum health.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have discovered that statins can kill cancer cells by blocking the creation of a molecule necessary for their survival. The study suggests that statins may be valuable in combating certain types of cancer and could lead to new treatment options.
Researchers analyzed published scientific data on SARS-CoV-2 and related coronaviruses to identify potential therapeutic agents and vaccines. More than 500 patents have been issued for COVID-19 treatments, including antibodies and nucleic acids.
The 911$ Rescue Drone, a flying stretcher designed by UNIST's design team, has won the iF Design Award 2020 for its innovative features. It includes an emergency stretcher bed, compact propellers, and follow-me feature, making it an efficient tool in responding to golden hour emergencies.
Researchers propose using preserved museum fish specimens to calculate length-weight relationships, aiding in estimating biomass and studying hard-to-reach species. This method improves data accuracy by leveraging existing specimen information.
Researchers at Bielefeld University are developing ultra-thin carbon nanomembranes that can filter out impurities from water, producing ultrapure water and beverage concentrates. The technology aims to reduce energy consumption and preserve flavors in food production and pharmaceutical applications.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a method to create new shapes of biocompatible microparticles by applying heat and light to proteins. These particles can be tailored for various applications such as drug delivery, diagnostics, and tissue engineering.
Researchers successfully harnessed an evolutionarily conserved mechanism to promote tissue repair and suppress inflammation in aged tissues. This approach improved the success of stem cell-based therapies for retinal disease, restoring vision in old, blind mice.
Scientists have identified several genes that may be involved in the development of diabetic kidney disease. By analysing Finnish samples with diabetes, researchers found connections between specific proteins and the condition. The study's findings suggest new potential targets for treating diabetic kidney disease.
The Protein Society announced its 2020 award recipients, recognizing leaders and innovators in protein science. Professor Karen Fleming received the Carl Brändén Award for her pioneering work on membrane protein folding, while Professor Stephen Sligar was honored with the Christian B. Anfinsen Award for his development of nanodiscs.
A team of scientists at Hong Kong University of Science and Technology develops a novel optical technique to label single hemogenic endothelium cells in zebrafish embryos and track their descendants. The technology uses infrared laser-evoked gene operator (IRLEGO) to achieve precise single-cell labeling, overcoming previous limitations.
A recent analysis found that low-dose aspirin significantly reduces the risk of liver cancer and mortality from liver disease in high-risk adults. Over an 8-year follow-up, 4.0% of patients who took low-dose aspirin developed liver cancer, compared to 8.3% of nonusers.
Researchers have discovered a previously unknown signaling pathway that protects chloroplasts from damage caused by intense sunlight. This pathway, involving the protein SAFE1, suppresses light-induced programmed cell death and promotes stress tolerance in plants.
A comprehensive map of the proteome of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana has been created, detailing the presence, location, and quantity of approximately 18,000 proteins in the plant. This study provides new insights into plant biology and offers potential avenues for improving crop yields and disease resistance.
A study found that at-risk drinking rates are highest in East Germany, followed by South Germany, while unhealthy nutrition is most prevalent in West Germany. Physical activity levels do not differ between regions, with women more likely to report lower physical activity than men.
A study by HSE researchers reveals that alcohol-related mortality hot spots exist in regions such as north-western Russia, Belarus, south-eastern Lithuania, and eastern Poland. The study also found that standardized mortality ratios across the four countries indicate a mosaic of homogeneous and heterogeneous regions.
Researchers at RIKEN found that mechanical forces sculpt the embryo, creating a precise fold despite genetic variation and environmental fluctuations. This discovery highlights the importance of mechanical self-organization in ensuring developmental consistency.
A study by University of Melbourne researchers found that increased tilt angle of the Earth's axis triggers warmer summers, melting Northern Hemisphere ice sheets and ending ice ages. The team used stalagmites and ocean sediment records to determine the age of two terminations around 960,000 years ago.
A study confirms racial disparities in treatment outcomes for pediatric brain cancer patients, with Black and Hispanic patients facing poorer prognoses after diagnosis and treatment, regardless of stage at diagnosis.
Ning Li has been recognized with the Distinguished Early Career Contributions-Science Award for his significant contributions to I-O psychology within seven years of receiving his PhD. His work on individual differences and team dynamics has garnered over 2,700 citations and an h-index of 19.
A Dartmouth research team analyzed the Minister's gait in Monty Python's 'The Ministry of Silly Walks.' The study found that his walk was 6.7 times more variable than normal, sparking a comparison to peer review inefficiencies in academic research. Researchers propose streamlining grant applications and awarding grants more quickly to ...
A study by the Dynamical Systems Biology lab reveals that bacteria can make each other more tolerant to antibiotics when coexisting. The response of bacteria to antibiotics depends on other species they live with, suggesting new strategies to combat bacterial infections.
A Rutgers University study predicts that heat stress from extreme heat and humidity will affect areas home to 1.2 billion people annually by 2100, with four times more people affected than today. The research highlights the dangers of combined extremes of heat and humidity on human health, agriculture, and the economy.
Scientists tracked lithium ion movement in LTO nanoparticles, discovering 'intermediates' that enable rapid transport. Real-time tracking revealed distorted atomic arrangements providing an 'express lane' for lithium ions.
Participants who reduced their Facebook usage experienced fewer depressive symptoms, were more active physically, and showed increased life satisfaction. Reducing social media time may help prevent addictive behavior and support a healthier lifestyle.
The study found that land type significantly influences the interaction of vigilance and scent marking behavior in banded mongooses. In environments with high predator presence, such as national parks, mongoose exhibited reduced scent marking behaviors, while in areas with low predator risk, like tourism lodges, these behaviors increased.
University of Iowa scientists have identified a specific area of the brain involved in seizure-induced loss of breathing, which could help predict and prevent sudden unexpected death due to epilepsy. The Amygdala Inhibition of Respiration (AIR) site was found to be critical in children with epilepsy.
A new study by MIT economists finds that doctors who have immunity from liability lawsuits perform slightly more C-section operations compared to those who are legally liable, about 4% more over a 10-year period. This challenges the common perception that defensive medicine leads to less treatment of patients.
A Brazilian study found that consuming contaminated water with saxitoxin worsens Zika neurotoxicity, tripling cell mortality and causing microcephaly-like malformations. This research highlights the public health problem of low water quality in the Northeast region, exacerbating the effects of arbovirus diseases.
Researchers at the University of Basel developed a non-invasive technique to study individual molecules precisely. The new force spectroscopy method detects molecular vibrations without perturbing its quantum state.
At 8 months, babies demonstrate a grasp of grammatical concepts in French, recognizing function words such as articles and prepositions. They exhibit limited interest in new functors, suggesting an innate understanding of their mother tongue's linguistic structure.
The AgriSens research network is developing digital tools to assist farmers in crop production, including planning irrigation and making harvest forecasts. The project aims to create low-threshold services for farmers to utilize remote sensing data and satellite information.
A drug delivery candidate technology has been approved by the FDA for human clinical trials to treat T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The technology, developed with an NFCR grant, addresses the challenge of delivering a cancer-mitigating compound, fenretinide, in adequate doses to tumor cells.
Researchers have developed a novel technology to maximize the performance of colloidal quantum dot (CQD) solar cells. The new hybrid tandem photovoltaic devices feature CQDs and organic bulk heterojunction photoactive materials, improving photon harvesting and achieving high power conversion efficiency.
The project aims to demonstrate that intelligent control of a small number of connected and automated vehicles can improve the energy efficiency of all vehicles in the flow by reducing congestion effects.
Dr. Juliet R. Aiken has made significant contributions to the practice of industrial-organizational (I-O) psychology within ten years of receiving her PhD. She drives diversity and inclusion improvement through community, research, practice, and education.
A study published in The American Journal of Psychiatry found that individuals with anorexia nervosa have altered brain circuitry that impairs the motivation to eat, leading to severe weight loss. The research suggests a powerful biology contributes to restricted eating behavior and offers new potential treatments.
Researchers identified 15 potent tumor suppressor genes that, when mutated, triggered rapid growth of HNSCC in mice. These genes include ADAM10 and AJUBA, which are also mutated in human HNSCC. The study reveals the identity of rare driver mutations in tumor-suppressing genes using a mouse-based CRISPR screen.
Cancer cells can form large-scale structures in the laboratory, similar to those seen in vivo, allowing researchers to gain insight into the forces behind this phenomenon. The study suggests that understanding these interactions may hold potential for combating cancer.
The new flat lens design allows for a depth of focus several orders of magnitude larger than that of an equivalent conventional lens, enabling simultaneous focus on objects at varying distances. This breakthrough has significant implications for camera applications, including smartphones, biomedical imaging, and automobile cameras.
Nikhil Gupta received the prestigious Brimacombe Medalist Award from the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society for his innovations in lightweight porous materials. His work has led to eco-friendly materials with applications in marine, automotive, and aerospace industries.
Researchers at Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência found that certain bacteria can mutate 1000-fold higher than normal, leading to bursts of diversity in the gut microbiota. A beneficial mutation was identified that increases the ability of the bacteria to eat a specific sugar.
Researchers at Institut Pasteur found that immune cells can attack cancer cells remotely through soluble molecules like interferon-gamma. This discovery supports a key target for future immunotherapy approaches and may enable T lymphocytes to act on a large number of cancer cells.
NASA's Terra satellite provided a visible image of Ex-Tropical Cyclone 21S, which is still affecting Western Australia's Pilbara Coast with heavy rainfall and squally winds. The system is expected to bring severe weather events, including damaging wind gusts and flash flooding.
Researchers found that Aspergillus molds attack the lung's epithelial cells, causing a leaky barrier and triggering an overreaction to future mold exposure. The TRPV4-calcium pathway plays a key role in this response, suggesting new avenues for preventing asthma.
A new review of international research on food taxes highlights the strong evidence showing such taxes work in reducing sugary drinks consumption. A 20% tax on sugar-sweetened beverages could raise NZ$40 million annually, which could be recycled back into the community to fund healthy initiatives.
A signaling pathway that helps prevent protein aggregates in brain cells is also required for sleep in fruit flies and zebrafish, suggesting its presence in humans. The study found that suppressing this mechanism led to reduced sleep duration, while overproducing it caused increased sleepiness.
A newly discovered blood marker has been linked to a patient's subsequent risk of kidney transplant failure in a study of 284 kidney transplant recipients. The composition of immune cells called CD8+ memory T cells 1 year after kidney transplantation was found to be a critical factor in predicting organ rejection.
A new study reveals that collecting water and sediment from Scottish and English rivers can detect over 20 wild British mammals. The technique uses DNA shed by animals to identify the local mammal community, offering a cost-effective alternative to traditional survey methods.
A major international study has shed light on the mechanisms triggering deep earthquakes up to 40km below the Earth's surface. The research suggests that interaction between creeping shear zones loads stiff rocks, causing them to snap and generate earthquakes.
A Swedish-Finnish study found that HPV vaccination of both boys and girls prevents infections effectively, even if only 80% of girls are vaccinated. Mathematical modelling shows that vaccinating both genders can eliminate the most oncogenic HPV type 16 in a few years after age 30.
A study published in The Lancet describes the first locally-transmitted case of SARS-CoV-2 in the USA, where a woman transmitted the virus to her husband after returning from China. Despite extensive contact tracing and monitoring, no further transmission was detected.
Scientists have been collecting soybean aphids in the Midwest for 18 years using an aerial insect trap network, revealing valuable insights into spatial and temporal migration patterns. The traps also capture other insects, including those expanding their range due to climate change or habitat suitability.
Researchers identified ammonium salts as a substantial source of nitrogen in comets like 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. This discovery resolves the long-standing N/C ratio discrepancy between comets and the Sun.
Researchers from RCSI University have discovered that heating up vitamin E acetate in vaping products produces highly toxic ketene gas, which can cause serious lung damage and impair the central nervous system. The study highlights the potential risks of vaping and calls for further investigation into the chemicals found in vape mixtures.
A new computer model explains how gas bubbles form large methane hydrate deposits, advancing understanding of climate change and energy security. The model suggests that gas flowing through subsurface layers can accumulate into concentrated hydrate reservoirs suitable for future energy sources.
Researchers found that some oyster species can pass on memories of harsh conditions to their offspring, improving survival rates. However, this ability varies between species and life stages.
A new study found that media coverage of corporate misconduct is not impartial, with popular companies and foreign brands receiving more attention. The study suggests that liberal media report more frequently on cases of corporate social irresponsibility than conservative media.
Researchers have uncovered mechanisms of healing after a heart attack using human cardiopoietic cells, which restored cardiac muscle to its pre-attack state. The study found that these cells reversed two-thirds of the changes caused by a heart attack, with 85% of cellular functional categories responding favorably to treatment.
A new aflatoxin biocontrol product has been developed for use in Senegal, reducing contamination in groundnut and maize crops. The product, Aflasafe SN01, includes four atoxigenic isolates native to Senegal and is highly effective in hot, drought-prone areas.
A new study by the University of Turku suggests that premature babies are three times more likely to be diagnosed with reactive attachment disorder. The risk is also associated with low birth weight and monitoring in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.
The UC San Diego team created a nano-composite separator that slows down the flow of energy and heat inside lithium metal batteries when they short circuit. This allows the battery to self-discharge gradually, preventing catastrophic failure and potential fires.
Research by University of Otago found significant levels of negative information about vaccines available online, including on Google, Facebook, and YouTube. Health professionals can help inform parents by referring them to credible websites containing well-validated information.
A study in Scientific Reports suggests western gorillas may be territorial, with groups defending the centers of their home ranges against neighboring groups. The authors monitored eight groups across a 60 km2 area and found that gorillas tend to avoid feeding areas visited by other groups the previous day.
Kristin N. Saboe has made significant contributions to the practice of Industrial-Organizational (I-O) psychology within ten years of receiving her PhD. Her work focuses on reducing suicides and risk-taking behaviors among soldiers, and increasing preventative approaches through resilience and performance management.
S. Morton McPhail received the award for his sustained, significant service to SIOP, including elected positions and volunteer work on committees. His influential work has had lasting impact on the field of I-O psychology.
A study found that the number of US adults at high risk for vision loss increased significantly between 2002 and 2017. The estimated number rose to over 93 million in 2017, with a majority having diabetes or eye problems, highlighting the need for improved awareness of eye care.
A study by psychologists at Friedrich-Schiller-Universitaet Jena found that older people are more open to robots, particularly those resembling humans. The researchers tested participants with varying levels of autistic traits and found that older individuals with stronger autistic tendencies were more accepting of machines.
Researchers analyzed lung tissue from a COVID-19 patient to investigate histopathologic changes and SARS-CoV-2 immunostaining. The study found distinct patterns of immune cell activation and inflammation, shedding light on the disease's pathophysiology.
Researchers found a strong 'cross-correlation' between inter-earthquake distances and times, especially after large earthquakes. The study's results could help seismologists better understand earthquake patterns and inform policymakers about disaster preparedness.
Denise M. Rousseau has been honored with the Distinguished Scientific Contributions Award from SIOP for her impressive body of work, with over 70,000 citations, across three areas of I-O psychology: psychological contract, idiosyncratic deals, and evidence-based management.
A new study by researchers at Anglia Ruskin University and the University of Cambridge has found that gorillas recognize and respect 'ownership' of specific regions, influencing their movement patterns and behavior. The discovery provides important clues for understanding human evolution and social cooperation.
A Rutgers study of people with serious mental illness found that physical health problems are a greater barrier to job seeking than psychological health issues. Chronic unemployment can exacerbate stress, anxiety, and depression, and reduce access to care for managing both physical and mental conditions.
A new study by the University of Geneva reveals that elderly individuals with low agreeableness are better protected against Alzheimer's disease. Brain imaging and psycho-cognitive evaluations showed that these individuals have preserved brain regions damaged in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease.
A study found that uninsured older adults in China are 35% less likely to receive needed inpatient care due to financial barriers. They also experience poorer health outcomes, including higher rates of perceived illness and mental distress.
John C. Scott has received the Distinguished Professional Contributions Award from SIOP for his outstanding lifetime achievements in I-O psychology. His work has significantly impacted HR practices, organizational performance, and the practice of I-O psychology.
A new record of deglaciations reveals the persistent influence of obliquity and insolation in pacing Earth's glacial-interglacial cycle. The study presents a high-resolution record of the last 11 deglaciations, showing that Earth's obliquity remained the main driver of glacial cycles throughout the Quaternary period.
Researchers found that patients' Facebook posts showed a shift to more formal language and descriptions of physical pain before their ED visit, reliably predicting hospital visits. The study provides evidence that social media can be an unseen signal of medical distress and could potentially be used to trigger health care interventions.
Dr. Paul R. Sackett has made significant contributions to the knowledge of individual differences in cognitive ability, job knowledge, integrity, personality, and more, impacting various fields including education, military, and private organizations.
A new study found that news exposure closely linked with public attention to Zika in the US during the 2016 outbreak. The analysis showed synchronized patterns of Wikipedia page views with mentions of the virus in web and national TV news.
Researchers discovered a new group of heat-resistant proteins called Hero proteins, which can protect other proteins from clumping and aggregation. The Hero proteins have unusual shapes and abilities to prevent protein instability and promote longevity, extending the life span of fruit flies by 30 percent.
Researchers have discovered a new role for amyloids in memory storage. They found that Orb2 protein self-aggregates form biochemically active aggregates at synapses, promoting synaptic translation and memory persistence. This finding challenges the traditional view of amyloids as neurotoxic structures.
Janet L. Kottke, PhD, has received the Distinguished Teaching Contributions Award from SIOP for her outstanding teaching contributions and dedication to graduate education. Her innovative research and commitment to quality learning experiences have enriched I-O master's programs across the country.
Researchers discovered a new neurodegenerative disorder, Mitchell disease, caused by hyperactive ACOX1 enzyme. A study in fruit flies identified therapeutic strategies to reverse damages specific to each condition.
Scientists from the University of Cologne found that water, carbon, and nitrogen were delivered to Earth very late in its history, contradicting previous assumptions. The researchers used rare platinum metal isotope abundances to constrain the delivery time, suggesting a late veneer phase around 3.8 billion years ago.
A study found that fall precipitation is linked to increased curly top disease in New Mexico crops, allowing farmers to predict and manage the disease. The research also shows that good weed control methods can reduce beet leafhopper numbers, leading to improved crop yields.
Researchers have made a groundbreaking finding by using gold nanoparticles to label and visualize amyloid fibrils in their natural state. This breakthrough has significant implications for understanding the mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease and developing new treatments.
A new Mayo Clinic study found no link between surgery with general anesthesia and the indicator of Alzheimer's disease. Cortical thinning in cerebral areas was observed, but no significant evidence of amyloid protein deposits, a hallmark of Alzheimer's, was detected.
A new study found that patients' Facebook posts exhibit a shift towards more formal language and health-related discussions before an emergency department visit, indicating increased anxiety and concern for their health. This research provides valuable insights into the potential use of social media as a signal of medical distress.
Researchers have developed new frameworks and recommendations for managing neurogenic bowel and bladder dysfunction after spinal cord injury. These guidelines aim to improve independence, self-efficacy, and quality of life among individuals with spinal cord injuries.
A new US study reports that around 8.4% of children aged 9-10 years experience suicidal ideation, with psychological problems and family conflict being key risk factors. Protective factors include greater parental supervision and positive school engagement.
Researchers found that commonly used hormone analysis method in animal hair can overestimate cortisol levels by up to ten times. A more comprehensive mass spectrometry analysis revealed significant discrepancies and suggested the need for careful validation of each enzyme immunoassay before using it on hormone analysis from hair samples.