Articles tagged with Mammalian Cells
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at Salk Institute successfully integrated stem cells from one species into the early-stage development of another, growing a rat pancreas, heart, and eyes in a mouse. They also generated human cells and tissues in pig embryos, marking a step toward generating transplantable human organs.
Researchers at Salk Institute successfully created human/pig chimeras, offering insights into early human development and potential applications for drug testing. The achievement marks an important step towards growing functional tissues and organs for regenerative medicine.
Johns Hopkins researchers successfully created mature heart muscle cells from human or animal stem cells by implanting them into newborn rat hearts. The host animal's biological signals and chemistry enabled the immature cells to mature, overcoming a developmental blockade.
Researchers found two types of face cells that respond differently to human and non-human faces. The study's findings suggest that the brain processes faces based on attention focus, not just visual presence. This discovery may lead to a better understanding of social cognitive defects like autism.
Researchers at Stanford University and the University of Tokyo successfully transplanted functional mouse islets into diabetic mice, reversing their condition with minimal immunosuppression. The study suggests a potential approach to generate genetically matched human organs in large animals.
A new transplant technique has successfully restored vision in mice with inherited retinal degeneration. The technique uses 3D retinal sheets derived from mouse embryonic stem cells, which develop normal structure and connectivity, allowing the growth of functional photoreceptors that connect to host cells and send visual signals.
Researchers found that a small group of brain cells controls sleep and regulates core body temperature, which explains why people don't feel jet-lagged when they have a fever. The discovery sheds light on the mechanisms behind circadian rhythms and their role in regulating bodily processes.
Scientists found that female mice are more susceptible to vaginal Zika virus infection during a specific stage of their reproductive cycle. The study suggests that sex hormones play a role in allowing the virus to establish itself in the reproductive tract and spread beyond it.
Mammals have evolved a specialized germline in their sex cells to pass on high-quality mitochondria, driven by the need to counteract rapid genetic mutations. This process restricts genetic variation in offspring, but allows for the transfer of better-functioning mitochondria.
Researchers found that B2 RNA interacts with EZH2 enzyme to activate heat-shock genes and induce the cellular response to stress. The study reveals a new mechanism for EZH2 to activate genes outside of its typical PRC2 complex.
Johns Hopkins scientists successfully created more-flexible human embryonic stem cells by dosing conventional ESCs with a cocktail of three chemical inhibitors. The new cells exhibit features similar to those of classic mouse ESCs, enabling their potential use in therapies and genetic disease modeling.
Researchers have identified a mechanism by which cells undergo reprogramming in live mice, utilizing neighboring cells to trigger reprogramming. This process involves the secretion of proteins, including an inflammatory cytokine, that promote the reprogramming of adjacent cells.
Researchers at the University of Florida identified cells targeted by a male hormone and found that excess hormone exposure during fetal development can cause vaginal defects in females. The study found a specific window of hormonal influence and a type of cell responsible for guiding the developing vagina to its correct position.
Researchers found that older bonobos have a decline in refractive power, leading to increased grooming distance and potential social challenges. Long-sightedness may hinder their social lives and daily activities, similar to humans.
Researchers discovered a neural circuit in fruit flies that creates an internal representation of direction and velocity, allowing them to navigate accurately. This finding has implications for our understanding of self-movement perception in humans and other animals.
Researchers found that removing aging macrophages from atherosclerosis-prone mice reduced plaque buildup by 60%, suggesting a potential cellular target for therapy. The study also showed that suppressing senescence limited disease progression and reduced markers of plaque instability.
Scientists have discovered an enzyme called ALKBH1 that can remove molecular modifications from transfer RNA (tRNA), causing a measurable effect on protein translation in the cell. This finding sheds new light on how cells control gene expression and suggests that tRNA influences cellular processes beyond protein translation.
Sreekanth Chalasani's sonogenetics technique uses ultrasonic waves to selectively activate cells in mammals, opening doors to deep brain stimulation, pacemaker technology and more. The $1 million grant from the BRAIN Initiative could lead to breakthroughs in treating neurological disorders.
New research reveals that a small change in the naked mole rat's TrkA receptor makes it less sensitive to pain signals, allowing them to survive in crowded underground colonies. This adaptation may help conserve energy and aid in thermoregulation.
A team of researchers from ETH Zurich has discovered that a specific subset of blood cells - the regulatory T cells - can suppress lymphedema. This finding could help develop therapies to cure lymphedema by targeting inflammatory responses.
A recent study found that genomic imprinting, a process silencing one set of parental genes, can be regulated in adult tissues. The researchers observed variation in epigenetic marks between cell types, indicating a need for fine-tuned gene expression in different tissues throughout development and adulthood.
A new mouse model reveals Zika virus can replicate for extended periods in the vagina, leading to brain infection and growth restriction. Researchers also investigate potential blocking methods using the interferon pathway.
A new multicomponent virus, Guaico Culex, has been found to infect animals, a finding that challenges existing assumptions about viral transmission. The virus was isolated from mosquitoes and belongs to the Jingmenvirus group, which was previously thought to infect only plants and fungi.
Researchers discovered that RIPK1 damages neuronal axons by disrupting myelin production, leading to axonal degeneration and hallmark ALS symptoms. The findings suggest that inhibiting RIPK1 activity may halt the progression of ALS and provide new therapeutic options.
Scientists have found that cell boundary elongation is driven by the activity of actomyosin networks in neighboring cells, not within the same cell. This discovery sheds light on the complex processes involved in tissue development and organ specialization.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine identified the protein CD300lf that norovirus uses to infect cells. By expressing this protein on human cells, researchers can study noroviral pathogenesis and search for treatments in people.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have identified the protein trigger ZBP1, which specifically recognizes the influenza virus and triggers infected cells to commit suicide. This discovery offers hope for developing drugs to protect against the virus's lethal complication of pneumonia.
Researchers found that eliminating p19ARF-expressing cells enhances pulmonary function in mice. Senescent cells contribute to tissue aging and impaired lung function with age.
Researchers discovered a cocktail of sea anemone proteins that can repair damaged mouse cochlear hair cells in as little as 8 minutes. The study suggests that these proteins could potentially be used to treat patients with acute hearing loss.
Researchers created super-sniffer mice using transgenic technology to study human odor receptors, which could lead to land mine detection and novel disease sensors. The mice were able to detect a specific odor two orders of magnitude lower than non-super sniffer mice.
Researchers have identified potential new antimalarial drugs targeting the parasite's heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), a key player in its survival and resistance to treatments. The study uses innovative modelling technology to isolate compounds that can destroy the pathogen without affecting human cells.
Researchers have created a robotic mimic of a stingray that's powered and guided by light-sensitive rat heart cells, demonstrating a new method for building bio-inspired robots through tissue engineering. The robotic stingray can be controlled using pulses of light, with different frequencies used to control its speed.
A Buck Institute study found that boosting a broccoli-related compound, palmitoleic acid, may be a possible treatment for age-related macular degeneration. The research identified indole-3-carbinol as a starting point and used a virtual screen to find a more potent activator of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor protein.
Researchers discovered a cluster of hypothalamic cells that respond only to male smells, driving intruder mice to explore their surroundings. These cells play a crucial role in regulating social behavior, similar to the human brain, and may hold the key to understanding disorders like autism and schizophrenia.
A new genetic mutation in the CAPN1 gene has been identified as a cause of ataxia in humans and Parson Russell Terrier dogs. Calpain-1, an enzyme involved in brain development, is found to be neuroprotective, preventing excessive neuronal death.
A team of researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison has identified dozens of genes that contribute to the rigidity and integrity of bacterial cell envelopes. These findings have significant implications for developing new antibiotics against Gram-negative bacteria, which are notoriously difficult to treat.
Researchers have found that random distribution of organelles in cells is an energy-dependent activity, utilizing ATP to transport organelles along cytoskeleton fibers. This study has implications for understanding human disorders, such as Zellweger syndrome, and highlights the importance of interdisciplinary research.
Researchers have identified a key protein in Zika virus that blocks the action of interferons in human cells, making humans more susceptible to infection. This discovery could lead to new therapeutic approaches and vaccine development by blocking the activity of this protein.
Brown University bioengineers have developed a synthetic bed that works as well as traditional mouse cells without contamination risk. The innovation allows for the cultivation of human embryonic stem cells more safely and could lead to advances in stem cell therapies.
Belgian scientists developed Virotrap, a viral particle sorting approach that preserves protein complexes during purification. This method catches bait proteins and their associated partners in virus-like particles budded from human cells.
Researchers have identified nine chemical compounds that can transform human fibroblasts into cardiomyocyte-like cells, which can then be used to partially heal damaged hearts. This breakthrough could lead to new avenues for cardiac regenerative therapies.
Researchers from KU Leuven measured individual brain cell responses to animal and human body images, finding that each cell specializes in recognizing specific features. The findings suggest a collaborative process where different cells work together to recognize bodies.
Researchers found that benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) causes larger lipid droplet accumulation in cells, potentially leading to obesity. The study's results suggest a possible link between BBP exposure and adipogenesis, a process contributing to fat cell development.
Researchers develop a broad-spectrum antiviral by targeting both viral surfaces and human cells, potentially avoiding drug resistance. The new approach, using a modified polymer, shows promise in lab testing and animal models without toxic effects.
A study in mice reveals changes in ultrasonic vocalizations consistent with stuttering in humans, suggesting a potential understanding and treatment for millions affected. The findings provide an experimentally tractable animal model for aspects of stuttering research.
Researchers have developed a new technology to examine gene expression in single cells, shedding light on the molecular causes of rare diseases. The study found highly variable and different gene expression patterns in single cells, even in the same organ.
Scientists at IRB Barcelona discovered a new protein RingoA crucial for meiosis, the cell division process that gives rise to sex cells. The protein is active at telomeres, allowing chromosomes to attach to the nuclear membrane, enabling recombination and DNA exchange.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered a new type of nerve cell that controls feeding behaviors in mice by signaling satiety. The discovery, confirmed through experiments, may lead to new tools for fighting obesity if replicated in humans.
Researchers adapted high-throughput screening technology to identify effective antimicrobial compounds against the bacterium Streptococcus mutans. The automated system delivered results indistinguishable from human-led experiments and reduced testing time by a third, paving the way for potential new antibiotics.
Researchers found neurons in a color-recognizing region of the brain that can infer gravity direction from visual cues. These cells provide critical information for object physics, balance, and posture., The study suggests these cells help humans orient themselves and predict object behavior.
Researchers discover that mammalian egg cells acquire essential cellular components from their undifferentiated sister cells, called germ cells. This mechanism, previously only documented in lower animals, is believed to play a crucial role in the unique properties of eggs.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have demonstrated significant health improvements in the vascular system of mice following repeated treatments to remove senescent cells. The study shows that regular clearance of senescent cells can improve age-related vascular conditions and may be a viable approach to reduce cardiovascular disease and death.
A team of Wisconsin researchers has successfully transformed mouse fibroblasts into primitive master heart cells, which can form the developing heart. The technology could permit a scalable method for making an almost unlimited supply of cardiac progenitor cells, providing material to study heart disease and potentially treat diseased ...
Researchers used model blood vessel systems to show that white blood cells' mechanical properties determine their location within the circulation. The study found that changes in cell stiffness can be triggered by drugs commonly used to fight inflammation or boost blood pressure.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have found that eliminating senescent cells in mice can delay tumor formation, preserve tissue function, and increase lifespan. The study's results suggest that targeting these cells could lead to new therapies against age-related disabilities and diseases.
Typical foods induce immune tolerance conditions in the small intestine by creating regulatory T cells, which inform the immune system on safe food antigens. This mechanism helps prevent food allergies and is crucial for maintaining gut health.
Researchers found that a population of suppressive T cells in the small intestines prevents immune responses to solid foods. Dietary antigens induce development of most pTreg cells in the small intestines, which play a key role in determining how our immune system handles food.
Researchers have designed a material that can encapsulate human islet cells before transplanting them, allowing patients to control their blood sugar levels without immunosuppressant drugs. In tests on mice, encapsulated human cells cured diabetes for up to six months.
Scientists have created a new mouse-human modeling platform that can study neural crest development and model diseases like melanoma and neurofibromatosis. The system uses human committed stem cells injected into mouse embryos, resulting in successfully integrated chimeras with disease-relevant human cells.
Scientists successfully implanted encapsulated insulin-producing human stem cell-derived islet cells into mouse models of diabetes, maintaining long-term blood glucose control without immunosuppression. The study uses chemically-tweaked gel capsules that resist scar tissue buildup, a major hurdle in previous research.