Articles tagged with Network Science
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology have developed a novel harmonic-selection technique to extend the operational bandwidth of 5G NR communication. The proposed technology improves power efficiency and achieves low noise, making it compatible with all existing 5G bands and future 60 GHz licensed band.
A University of Houston researcher has developed a method to describe complex systems using the least number of variables possible, reducing complexity from millions to just one. This advancement speeds up science with efficiency and ability to understand and predict natural system behavior.
The study demonstrates that chaos synchronization can occur even under constraints of narrow frequency intervals, giving rise to phenomena that could be leveraged for useful operations in ensembles of distant nodes. This breakthrough has potential applications in distributed sensing, such as gathering readings from distant sensors.
The Euglena International Network (EIN) has launched a decade-long effort to sequence genomes of all known species of euglenoids, with the goal of understanding basic biology and translational applications. This will aid in exploring products for ecological and environmental management, as well as human welfare through biotechnology.
Scientists successfully transmit and switch 15-mode multiplexed signals over a 6.1 km long multi-mode fiber ring in Italy, demonstrating a new approach to increasing fiber network capacity. This achievement is significant for future communication systems beyond 5G.
Chung-Ang University researchers developed an energy-efficient adaptive directional charging algorithm that adapts to the density of sensor nodes. This approach achieved equal or better charging efficiency than single charging while reducing energy waste. The algorithm employs a mean-shift method and discretized charging strategy decis...
Employees form relationships naturally aligned with their cognitive style, leading to subpar performance. However, top performers build networks that complement their style, enhancing creative output and execution skills.
Researchers created a detailed map of the hippocampus's connections to the rest of the brain, finding fewer links with frontal lobes but more with visual networks. This discovery may change how we think about human memory and cognition, potentially shedding light on why some primates excel at certain memory tasks.
Research by Gianluca Carnabuci and colleagues found that two pathways - geographic proximity and network proximity - help R&D scientists build ties with star colleagues. Women are more effective at building high-status connections through third-party ties, while men benefit from face-to-face interactions.
Researchers propose a new demand-driven planning scheme for efficient bike path networks in densely populated areas. The approach balances safety preferences and route choice, providing a quantitative assessment of existing and planned network structures.
A study using LinkedIn data found that weak ties have the greatest impact on job mobility, while strong ties have the least. Weakest ties increased job transmissions to a point, after which diminishing returns were observed.
The Bioteque computational tool integrates vast amounts of biological data, providing insights into gene functions, protein interactions, and disease connections. By analyzing over 30 million functional interactions, the tool can predict drug sensitivity and accelerate biomedical research.
A research team used game theory to analyze cooperation in networks and found that networks with a high level of cooperation can emerge if individuals take a clear-cut position against free riders. The study also showed that if contributors leave an environment too quickly, it leads to a lower level of cooperation.
A team led by Professor Song Min Kim developed a system that can support concurrent communications for tens of millions of IoT devices using backscattering millimeter-level waves. The system offers internet connectivity on a mass scale to IoT devices at a low installation cost.
Computer scientist Morgan Vigil-Hayes receives $561,599 grant to develop crowdsourced measurements of broadband coverage among rural and low-income populations. Her goal is to bridge the gap between accurate data and community needs.
Researchers have discovered a prominent network of silencing interneurons in the human cortex, which could be linked to enhanced working memory and reasoning abilities. This unique network relies on abundant connections between inhibitory interneurons and is distinct from those found in mice.
A team of scientists from Tokyo Institute of Technology has developed a wirelessly powered transmitter-receiver for 5G networks that can transmit power and signals simultaneously. The device overcomes the limitations of previous devices by generating power over large angles and distances.
A new project led by University of Illinois professor Jingrui He seeks to detect and predict insider threats in large organizations. The team will use multimodal data to identify outliers and rare category types of insider threats and propose dynamic update techniques.
Researchers at NYU Tandon are developing novel methods to detect and mitigate hardware Trojans in next-generation wireless systems, as well as exploring analog side channels unique to 5G. The projects aim to make current and future wireless infrastructure more resilient to flaws and hacks.
A team of scientists in China and the UK developed an aerial intelligent reflecting surface (AIRS) to enhance communication security. The AIRS can be easily mounted on a drone to form a flexible network, reducing the risk of eavesdropping.
A team of Chinese and UK researchers propose a reconfigurable intelligent surface technique to address the high energy consumption issue in THz communication for future 6G technology development. The study reveals that this approach achieves more energy-efficient beamforming than traditional phased array techniques.
Researchers provide a comprehensive survey on emerging RIS technology, discussing its promise and challenges in wireless communication systems. The technology offers unique features such as passive transmission and improved signal quality, but open problems remain to be solved.
A new collection of peer-reviewed research papers highlights the role of RISs in advancing wireless communications. The special issue, published on April 29, investigates performance analysis and optimization, strength and security of channels, integration into current wireless systems, and an overview of RIS hardware.
Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) are a promising technology for next-generation wireless networks, offering improved flexibility and energy efficiency. Researchers explored RISs as a potential solution for 6G, which is expected to require more radical communication paradigms.
Researchers at Tsinghua University Press examined the combination of dirty paper coding and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces to achieve highly efficient data transmission. Numerical simulation results demonstrated that this technique can effectively improve the sum rate capacity compared to benchmark schemes.
Researchers found that RISs can reduce channel aging's adverse impact on system performance and improve overall performance. The study models a system where a base station sends signals to an RIS and users, which reflects the signal back to users, strengthening it.
Scientists propose reconfigurable intelligent surface technology for grant-free massive access, improving access reliability and efficiency in low-latency applications. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of RIS in enhancing access channel conditions and quality in smart factory scenarios.
Researchers from China and the UK propose an IRS-aided two-phase secrecy communication scheme to enhance physical layer security in scenarios involving both active attacks and passive eavesdropping. The technique achieves more secure communication using energy harvesting technology and beamforming design.
A new study using a citizen science board of people affected by Long Covid identifies key research areas, including treatment, diagnosis, and disease management. The findings highlight the need for clear diagnoses and access to care that meets their multidimensional needs.
Scientists at the University of Oxford have developed an 'optomemristor' device that facilitates three-factor learning and emulation of biological computations, making it possible to perform complex machine learning tasks. The device uses both light and electrical signals to interact and consume very little energy.
A team of researchers has developed a tunable graphene-based platform to study exceptional points, which exhibit unique properties when light and matter interact. The breakthrough could lead to advancements in optoelectronic technologies and potentially contribute to the development of 'beyond-5G' wireless technology.
A new study found that increased dopamine levels in the brain's basolateral amygdala trigger the transition from non-rapid eye movement (NREM) to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. This discovery raises hopes for developing targeted treatments for sleep disorders such as narcolepsy and Parkinson's disease.
Scientists applied a social networking algorithm to the fossil record to track changes in ancient communities during mass extinctions. The study found that community losses did not always correlate with biodiversity decline, suggesting complex ecological interactions.
Researchers developed a new method for generating network layouts that allow for visualizing different information in two- and three-dimensional virtual space. This facilitates the exploration of complex protein interactions and provides more versatile, comprehensible representations of networks.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology have developed a new AI processor called Hiddenite, which achieves state-of-the-art accuracy in sparse neural networks with lower computational burdens. The chip drastically reduces external memory access for enhanced computational efficiency.
A new study has discovered that as brains mature, the precise ways in which two key memory regions communicate make us better at forming lasting memories. The findings also suggest how brains learn to multitask with age, with slower oscillations in older participants and faster oscillations in younger ones.
A new study reveals that online social network algorithms can distort and amplify biases against minority groups, leading to unequal visibility and ranking. Researchers found that homophily and the proportion of minorities in a network can contribute to this effect.
Researchers developed a novel scheme that reduces energy consumption while improving traffic prediction accuracy by up to 40% compared to benchmark schemes. The scheme uses software defined network and edge computing to control the operation of base stations, ensuring both sustainability and performance.
Researchers created a computer model that simulates the way slime moulds construct their network, finding networks with improved travel time or resilience to disruption. The models were validated using three key metrics and showed good correlation with actual slime mould results.
A study by the University of Texas at Austin found that software development teams given greater autonomy are more productive and have higher customer satisfaction rates. The researchers tested 461 projects over 50 months and found a 39% increase in value added for autonomous teams compared to traditional teams.
Researchers studied evacuees from Finland during WWII and found that cultural similarities, such as language and social networks, were crucial for successful migrations. Being younger, male, educated, and linguistically similar to the host population also increased the likelihood of staying in a new home.
A new project aims to improve the performance of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) by leveraging weak supervision and additional information. The research has potential applications in fraud detection, agriculture, and cancer diagnosis.
Professor Alexander Ecker is awarded a Starting Grant to develop machine-learning methods to describe neurons' shape and function, leveraging a large dataset from the US Brain Initiative. The research aims to uncover how a neuron's shape relates to its role in sensory information processing.
A new framework, iDIRECT, can effectively infer direct relationships in association networks, improving our understanding of complex systems. This approach has been successfully applied to gene regulatory networks in E. coli and microbial communities in response to climate warming.
The University of Ottawa's CoVaRR-Net has received a $9 million grant extension to continue its rapid research on COVID variants, including the Omicron variant. This renewed funding will allow researchers to accelerate their work and keep policymakers informed of their latest findings.
Researchers at UC3M found that Facebook ads can target a specific person with just four rare and specific interests. This nanotargeting ability exposes users to new risks, including potential identification without consent. The study highlights the need for advertising platforms to protect individual privacy.
The RT-CIRAM system analyzes public-domain data to determine the best times to avoid crowds and minimize COVID-19 infection risk. The mobile phone app provides personalized recommendations based on user input and factors like vaccination rates and cultural norms.
Researchers at Princeton University developed a new millimeter-wave wireless microchip that allows secure wireless transmissions without reducing latency or efficiency. The technique shapes the transmission itself to foil would-be eavesdroppers by using interference from multiple antennas.
A new study by Ritsumeikan University reveals that whole-body dynamic balance training increases brain connectivity and improves motor learning. The research found significant changes in brain activity associated with offline learning, opening up new avenues for studying neural networks during natural tasks.
Research suggests that larger bee colonies with comfortable food stores are less willing to take risks, while smaller colonies with limited resources are more likely to ignore warning signals. This study provides insights into the complex communication system of bees and its implications for understanding biological collectives.
A new multiplex network developed by Jörg Menche's research group maps all genes and their interactions, improving the identification of genetic defects and assessing their consequences. The network increases the probability of finding the crucial gene aberration threefold compared to separate networks.
Damaged coral reefs exhibit a two-phase recovery pattern, with the first phase lasting up to six years, and the second phase being faster. This pattern was observed in 60% of severely disturbed reefs on the Great Barrier Reef.
Experts successfully connect quantum computers and sensors on a practical scale, enabling entanglement-based quantum communications. The team demonstrated scalability of entanglement-based protocols across three remote nodes using flexible grid bandwidth provisioning.
The NIH BRAIN Initiative Cell Census Network has published an atlas of cell types and neuronal wiring diagram for the mammalian primary motor cortex, derived from detailed studies of mice, monkeys, and humans. This comprehensive resource provides a foundation for further study of cell types in the rest of the brain.
A new deep neural network-based forward design approach explores material design space beyond the initial training set through active transfer learning and data augmentation. The framework provides an efficient search, mitigating the limitation of weak predictive power on unseen domains.
Researchers from Tokyo Tech and the European Space Agency introduce a novel one-dimensional switching matrix that achieves reduced layers and improved signal uniformity. The new solution enables low-cost, cost-effective implementation of multibeam antennas for next-generation wireless systems.
QUT researchers developed a new mathematical model to enable faster solutions for complicated problems in agriculture, ecology and medicine. The method improves how to determine the 'best' intervention strategies, balancing benefits and side effects, and can be applied to farming practices and chemotherapy.
Researchers propose a time-sensitive network control plane as a key component of quantum networks, enabling real-time control and low costs. Industry applications include cybersecurity through quantum key distribution, but standardization and certification are needed.
Researchers at University of Michigan and University of Tokyo developed a system to safely deliver electricity over the air, delivering 50 watts of power using magnetic fields. The technology can untether phones, laptops, and even implanted medical devices, opening new possibilities for mobile robotics.
A new study from University of Utah researchers explores how socioeconomic inequalities, particularly in Utah's Salt Lake County, contributed to racial minority groups being unequally affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The study found that residents of affluent areas had lower rates of infection compared to those in low-income zip codes.