Articles tagged with Type 2 Diabetes
A new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that over 25% of adults with type 2 diabetes received intensive glucose-lowering therapy, which increased the risk of severe hypoglycemia. Patients with advanced age and co-existing illnesses were at higher risk.
A new study found that intensive glucose treatment can nearly double the risk of severe hypoglycemia in older patients and those with serious chronic conditions. Patients taking multiple medications to lower HbA1C levels were at higher risk of experiencing severe low blood sugar episodes.
Researchers identify epigenomic changes that contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes in obese individuals. These changes are associated with inflammation and trigger insulin resistance, highlighting the importance of epigenetic regulation in metabolic diseases.
A small study suggests that obese UK diabetics who undergo bariatric surgery can save the NHS around £95,000 over their lifetime due to reduced medication costs. The study found that 44 patients with type 2 diabetes who no longer required treatment after surgery resulted in significant outpatient and inpatient savings.
Several commercial weight loss programs demonstrate potential benefits for improving blood sugar control in patients with type 2 diabetes and those at risk for the disease. However, a lack of rigorous studies hinders full endorsement by doctors.
A novel type 2 diabetes risk model has been developed to better understand disease progression, revealing people on atypical trajectories face significantly increased or decreased risks of developing T2D. The new model has overcome challenges associated with estimating T2D onset based on comorbid conditions.
A new study found that vitamin nicotinamide riboside (NR) can protect mice from diabetes complications by lowering blood sugar levels, reducing fatty liver, and preventing peripheral nerve damage. NR is a precursor to NAD+, an important cellular metabolite required for energy conversion.
Researchers found that hormone PYY improves insulin and glucagon secretion in rats with type 2 diabetes. Gastric bypass surgery has been shown to improve diabetes symptoms, and this study suggests a potential link between the two.
A recent study published in PLOS Genetics has identified a single gene, RCAN1, that may contribute to insulin secretion problems in both conditions. Overexpression of this gene leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced insulin production in beta cells.
A new experimental and clinical study from Lund University shows that the sleep hormone melatonin impairs insulin secretion in people with a specific gene variant. The researchers found that carriers of this gene have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, with impaired insulin secretion and increased glucose levels in their blood.
A recent study found that junk food diets can cause significant damage to the kidneys, similar to type 2 diabetes. The research used animal models and found that certain glucose transporters were present in higher numbers in rats with type 2 diabetes, but also increased after consuming high-fat or junk food diets.
A new study by Cardiff University found that combining insulin with metformin reduces mortality and heart attacks in people with type 2 diabetes. The researchers tracked 12,020 patients for three and a half years on average, finding no difference in cancer risk between single-insulin therapy and combination treatment.
A unique study of 60,000 refugee immigrants in Sweden found that living in high-deprivation neighborhoods significantly increased the risk of developing type 2 diabetes over time. The study suggests a direct link between neighborhood deprivation and health, particularly for vulnerable populations.
A University of Leicester study found that people with Type 2 diabetes wait an average of 3.7 years for increased treatment, leading to a failure to achieve tight blood sugar control. Clinical inertia is being identified as the major contributor to this issue.
Researchers identified specific measures of low blood oxygenation associated with impaired kidney function and diabetic nephropathy. The study highlights the association between sleep apnea and microvascular disease linked to diabetes.
A clinical score called DiaRem can predict the likelihood of bariatric surgery curing type 2 diabetes in patients. The study found that patients with lower DiaRem scores were more likely to experience complete remission or prolonged partial remission after surgery.
A Finnish group found that vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGFB) can increase the density of adipose tissue vasculature, reducing inflammation and improving insulin function. Blocking the VEGFR1 receptor enhances the treatment effect by stimulating catabolic processes in adipose tissue.
Research shows people with type 2 diabetes are more susceptible to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition characterized by a build-up of fat in liver cells. The study found that hospital admissions and deaths caused by liver disease are likely to rise if cases of type 2 diabetes continue to increase.
Researchers have created a light-activated tool to adapt drugs for type 2 diabetes. The study provides insight into cellular receptor signalling and could lead to more efficient anti-diabetic drugs. The new tool, PhotoETP, allows precise control over blood glucose levels with fewer side effects.
The number of adults with diabetes has quadrupled since 1980, with significant increases in low and middle income countries. The study's findings highlight the urgent need for effective action to reduce the health and economic impact of diabetes.
A three-year study found that liraglutide can help nondiabetic overweight and obese adults lose weight and reduce their risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. After three years, 66% of participants taking liraglutide no longer had prediabetes.
Glycemic control and weight loss achieved through bariatric surgery persist for up to five years, with significant advantages over a medical therapy-only approach. The study found that gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy patients maintained healthy blood glucose levels without insulin use, while also experiencing greater weight loss.
Whey protein diet participants lost the most weight and experienced reduced hunger and glucose spikes compared to other diets. The study found that a high-protein breakfast containing whey protein induced greater satiety and reduction of glucose spikes after meals.
A study of nearly 8,500 people found that low thyroid function increases the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes by 13%, with a higher risk for those already with prediabetes. Screening for thyroid function may be beneficial in individuals at risk of developing diabetes.
An ongoing clinical trial found that older overweight and obese adults with Type 2 diabetes can improve glucose control, body composition, and physical function through healthier diets and regular exercise. The study's results suggest that lifestyle changes may be a viable treatment option for this age group.
Researchers at Lund University developed a new method to predict type 2 diabetes risk by detecting epigenetic changes in specific genes through a simple blood test. The study found that higher DNA methylation levels were associated with increased insulin secretion and lower disease risk.
A new study found a significant association between high serum omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations and a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Linoleic and arachidonic acids showed similar protective effects, while gamma-linolenic and dihomo-γ-linolenic acids were linked to a higher risk.
A recent study by University of Montreal researchers has discovered a common genetic defect in beta cells that may lead to the loss of insulin production in both type 1 and type 2 diabetics. The findings suggest that genetics play a critical role in beta cell survival, with fragile cells being more prone to damage and disease.
Researchers found that replacing saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat slows diabetes progression in people with prediabetes whose muscles do not take up glucose properly. In contrast, reducing saturated fat had no effect on progress for those with liver-produced excess glucose.
A new study from Newcastle University found that people who reverse their Type 2 diabetes and keep their weight down remain free of the condition. The research shows that even patients with diabetes for up to 10 years can reverse their condition by removing fat from their pancreas.
A new study discovered that a common genetic defect in beta cells may underlie both form of diabetes. The research found that genetics is critical for the survival of beta cells, and a genetic predisposition for fragile beta cells may lead to diabetes development.
Patients with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY1) benefit from therapies targeting a specific pathway regulating insulin secretion, not oral medications linked to beta-cell destruction. Research suggests MODY1 patients may become dependent on insulin injections sooner due to cellular stress levels.
A study published in Diabetologia found that bariatric surgery significantly improved type 2 diabetes remission rates compared to an intensive lifestyle and medical intervention. Patients with mild-to-moderate obesity experienced greater weight loss, improved glucose control, and reduced need for diabetes medications after RYGB.
A new article explores the effect of frailty on diabetes in older people, suggesting a regressive course with increased risk of hypoglycemia. The review highlights the importance of regular medication reviews and gradual reduction or withdrawal of hypoglycemic medications.
A randomized controlled trial found that CPAP did not significantly improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes and obstructive sleep apnea. Researchers suggest that OSA may play a bigger role in the development of diabetes than its control, and that adherence to CPAP treatment may be a challenge.
Researchers at Lund University discovered a link between nicotine and type 2 diabetes, finding that nicotinic acetylcholine receptors influence insulin release. A genetic alteration affecting these receptors increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Research suggests CPAP improves insulin sensitivity and decreases inflammatory proteins, lowering HbA1c levels and cardiovascular disease risk. Patients with OSA and type 2 diabetes who used CPAP showed significant improvements in glycemic control, inflammation and cardiovascular risk factors.
A UC Riverside-led study links thirdhand smoke exposure to insulin resistance and hyperglycemia in mice, a precursor to type 2 diabetes. Exposure to toxins from second-hand smoke causes oxidative stress, damaging proteins and DNA, leading to insulin resistance.
A study found that degludec/liraglutide was associated with greater HbA1c level reduction, weight loss, and lower hypoglycemia rates compared to glargine. The medication also had more nonserious gastrointestinal adverse events.
Researchers found that mitochondria in brain cells rapidly change shape and function in response to high blood sugar levels, affecting peripheral tissue functions. The study suggests that alterations in this mechanism may be crucial for type 2 diabetes development.
A new randomized controlled study found that adults with prediabetes who followed a nationally-available weight management program with a prediabetes-specific component, Weight Watchers, lost significantly more weight and experienced better blood glucose control than those following a self-initiated program. The study suggests that nat...
A new study found an important relationship between proteins secreted by the heart and obesity, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Higher levels of cardiac natriuretic peptides and lower clearance receptor in adipose tissue suggest a potential new approach to treating metabolic disorders.
Researchers developed a screening algorithm using electronic health records to identify people with undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes, uncovering previously unknown risk factors such as sexual and gender identity disorders and intestinal infections. The tool showed promise in detecting 400,000 potential cases nationally.
Researchers have found an epigenetic mechanism implicated in the regulation of blood sugar, with the TXNIP gene associated with diabetes mellitus type 2 and poor glucose control. The study's results could help identify patients at risk of developing diabetes and develop new therapies.
A recent study by DZD researchers found that height has a significant impact on the mortality from certain common diseases. Tall people have a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, but a higher cancer risk. The study suggests that increased height may be related to overnutrition during growth stages.
Research published in Diabetologia reveals that each extra hour of daily sedentary time is associated with a 22% increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Participants with type 2 diabetes spent more time sedentary, highlighting the importance of reducing sedentary behavior in diabetes prevention.
A community lifestyle intervention program reduced cardiovascular disease risk in diabetes patients by 9.6%, fasting glucose by 9%, body mass index by 3.7% and systolic blood pressure by 5.7%. Participants experienced significant reductions after completing 16 two-hour classes on healthy living basics.
A new report identifies several forms of testing to measure the risk of heart disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. These tests include exercise testing and coronary calcium scanning, which can detect silent ischemia and identify the highest-risk patients for more effective treatments. The study suggests that a significant proporti...
Research published in Diabetologia found that women with one sleep disorder have a 47% increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The risk increases to four times for those with multiple sleep disorders. The study highlights the importance of good sleeping patterns for preventing diabetes.
A new study found that women who began their menstrual cycles at a younger age are at greater risk of developing gestational diabetes, with those starting at age 11 having a 39% higher risk. Early menarche may also be associated with obesity and hormone imbalances in adulthood.
A meta-analysis found a significant association between antipsychotic treatment in youth and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. The study included 13 studies and analyzed the cumulative risk of diabetes and its incidence rate per patient year of antipsychotic exposure.
Researchers used high-resolution imaging to identify structural defects in bones of people with type 2 diabetes, which can weaken them and increase the risk of fractures. The study found that individuals with diabetes have greater porosity in their cortical bone component, a key factor in fracture risk.
A new study found that low stress resilience in late adolescence is associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes in adulthood. The study, published in Diabetologia, followed 1.5 million Swedish male conscripts and found that those with lower stress resistance were 51% more likely to develop diabetes.
Reducing sugar content in sugar-sweetened drinks by 40% over 5 years could prevent 1.5 million cases of overweight and obesity in the UK and 300,000 cases of diabetes. This reduction would lead to a significant decrease in energy intake and body weight, resulting in a substantial decrease in these health issues.
A longitudinal study of 3882 bariatric surgery patients found sustained weight loss for at least four years post-surgery. The study also revealed significant improvements in pre-existing type 2 diabetes and hypertension, as well as a reduced risk of obesity-related co-morbidities.
A new study found that bariatric surgery can significantly improve type 2 diabetes and reduce high blood pressure. The procedure also prevents 80,000 cases of hypertension, 40,000 cases of type 2 diabetes, and 5,000 heart attacks over a four-year period.
Researchers at Oxford University are exploring the link between metabolism and inflammation in metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The projects aim to deliver effective treatments and prevention strategies, addressing a global health problem affecting over 400 million people worldwide.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that a lifestyle intervention program increased the likelihood of meeting postpartum weight goals by 45% for women with gestational diabetes. The program also boosted vigorous-intensity physical activity by an average of 15.4 minutes per week.
A large US study found that over half of patients with controlled type 2 diabetes receive more tests than recommended guidelines, leading to overtreatment and potential patient harm. The study also highlights fragmented care coordination as a possible reason for repeat tests.
Women with Type 2 diabetes face increased cardiovascular disease risk, including earlier heart attacks, higher mortality rates, and reduced access to treatments. Lifestyle changes like improved diet and exercise may help reduce this risk, but more research is needed to understand these differences and improve health equity.