Articles tagged with Type 2 Diabetes
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A BU researcher has received a $2.95 million grant to investigate the relationship between immune cells and type 2 diabetes, with the goal of developing new treatments for both conditions.
Researchers found that several commercially available tests for hepatitis C virus core antigen are highly sensitive and specific, potentially replacing the current two-test screening process with a single test. This could streamline care in low- and middle-income countries where HCV is prevalent, but patients are often lost to follow-up.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center found significant changes in total brain gray matter volume and specific brain regions in teenagers with type 2 diabetes. These changes are associated with reduced cognitive abilities, particularly in pronunciation and language skills.
A plant-based diet rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes is associated with a 20% reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. The study found that even modestly lowering animal food consumption can lower diabetes incidence.
A plant-rich diet with high fruit and vegetable intake can reduce type 2 diabetes risk by 20%, according to a new study. A healthier version of this diet further reduces the risk by 34%, while an unhealthy version increases it.
A large clinical trial showed liraglutide safely and effectively decreases the overall risk of heart attack, stroke, or cardiovascular death for people with type 2 diabetes. The study also found a reduction in kidney disease and death from all causes.
Researchers have discovered that adults born in the 1940s with diabetes are living longer and with less disability, performing day-to-day tasks, compared to those born a decade earlier. This trend is attributed to improvements in diabetes management and healthy lifestyle choices.
A follow-up analysis of the ACCORD Trial found that people with type 2 diabetes who intensively controlled their blood sugar level had cut their risk of diabetic retinopathy in half. The study, supported by the National Eye Institute, suggests that well-controlled glycemia has a positive and lasting effect on eye health.
A new study shows that the innovative OnTouch Via patch enabled over 50% of diabetes patients to report improved insulin dose compliance. The wearable patch allows for discreet delivery of rapid-acting insulin at mealtimes, reducing stress and anxiety associated with dosing.
A global study found that patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to the hospital for congestive heart failure face a high risk of mortality, highlighting the need for increased attention to this critical condition. The study suggests that heart failure outcomes should receive equal scrutiny as other cardiovascular events in future rese...
Researchers identify epigenomic changes that contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes in obese individuals. These changes are associated with inflammation and trigger insulin resistance, highlighting the importance of epigenetic regulation in metabolic diseases.
Researchers have identified a protein called TST that helps detoxify waste products in fat cells, leading to improved insulin sensitivity and reduced weight gain in obese mice. The study's findings suggest a potential new approach to treating type 2 diabetes associated with obesity.
A new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that over 25% of adults with type 2 diabetes received intensive glucose-lowering therapy, which increased the risk of severe hypoglycemia. Patients with advanced age and co-existing illnesses were at higher risk.
A new study found that intensive glucose treatment can nearly double the risk of severe hypoglycemia in older patients and those with serious chronic conditions. Patients taking multiple medications to lower HbA1C levels were at higher risk of experiencing severe low blood sugar episodes.
Several commercial weight loss programs demonstrate potential benefits for improving blood sugar control in patients with type 2 diabetes and those at risk for the disease. However, a lack of rigorous studies hinders full endorsement by doctors.
A small study suggests that obese UK diabetics who undergo bariatric surgery can save the NHS around £95,000 over their lifetime due to reduced medication costs. The study found that 44 patients with type 2 diabetes who no longer required treatment after surgery resulted in significant outpatient and inpatient savings.
A novel type 2 diabetes risk model has been developed to better understand disease progression, revealing people on atypical trajectories face significantly increased or decreased risks of developing T2D. The new model has overcome challenges associated with estimating T2D onset based on comorbid conditions.
A new study found that vitamin nicotinamide riboside (NR) can protect mice from diabetes complications by lowering blood sugar levels, reducing fatty liver, and preventing peripheral nerve damage. NR is a precursor to NAD+, an important cellular metabolite required for energy conversion.
Researchers found that hormone PYY improves insulin and glucagon secretion in rats with type 2 diabetes. Gastric bypass surgery has been shown to improve diabetes symptoms, and this study suggests a potential link between the two.
A recent study published in PLOS Genetics has identified a single gene, RCAN1, that may contribute to insulin secretion problems in both conditions. Overexpression of this gene leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced insulin production in beta cells.
A new experimental and clinical study from Lund University shows that the sleep hormone melatonin impairs insulin secretion in people with a specific gene variant. The researchers found that carriers of this gene have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, with impaired insulin secretion and increased glucose levels in their blood.
A recent study found that junk food diets can cause significant damage to the kidneys, similar to type 2 diabetes. The research used animal models and found that certain glucose transporters were present in higher numbers in rats with type 2 diabetes, but also increased after consuming high-fat or junk food diets.
A new study by Cardiff University found that combining insulin with metformin reduces mortality and heart attacks in people with type 2 diabetes. The researchers tracked 12,020 patients for three and a half years on average, finding no difference in cancer risk between single-insulin therapy and combination treatment.
A unique study of 60,000 refugee immigrants in Sweden found that living in high-deprivation neighborhoods significantly increased the risk of developing type 2 diabetes over time. The study suggests a direct link between neighborhood deprivation and health, particularly for vulnerable populations.
A University of Leicester study found that people with Type 2 diabetes wait an average of 3.7 years for increased treatment, leading to a failure to achieve tight blood sugar control. Clinical inertia is being identified as the major contributor to this issue.
Researchers identified specific measures of low blood oxygenation associated with impaired kidney function and diabetic nephropathy. The study highlights the association between sleep apnea and microvascular disease linked to diabetes.
A clinical score called DiaRem can predict the likelihood of bariatric surgery curing type 2 diabetes in patients. The study found that patients with lower DiaRem scores were more likely to experience complete remission or prolonged partial remission after surgery.
Research shows people with type 2 diabetes are more susceptible to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition characterized by a build-up of fat in liver cells. The study found that hospital admissions and deaths caused by liver disease are likely to rise if cases of type 2 diabetes continue to increase.
A Finnish group found that vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGFB) can increase the density of adipose tissue vasculature, reducing inflammation and improving insulin function. Blocking the VEGFR1 receptor enhances the treatment effect by stimulating catabolic processes in adipose tissue.
Researchers have created a light-activated tool to adapt drugs for type 2 diabetes. The study provides insight into cellular receptor signalling and could lead to more efficient anti-diabetic drugs. The new tool, PhotoETP, allows precise control over blood glucose levels with fewer side effects.
The number of adults with diabetes has quadrupled since 1980, with significant increases in low and middle income countries. The study's findings highlight the urgent need for effective action to reduce the health and economic impact of diabetes.
Glycemic control and weight loss achieved through bariatric surgery persist for up to five years, with significant advantages over a medical therapy-only approach. The study found that gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy patients maintained healthy blood glucose levels without insulin use, while also experiencing greater weight loss.
A three-year study found that liraglutide can help nondiabetic overweight and obese adults lose weight and reduce their risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. After three years, 66% of participants taking liraglutide no longer had prediabetes.
A study of nearly 8,500 people found that low thyroid function increases the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes by 13%, with a higher risk for those already with prediabetes. Screening for thyroid function may be beneficial in individuals at risk of developing diabetes.
Whey protein diet participants lost the most weight and experienced reduced hunger and glucose spikes compared to other diets. The study found that a high-protein breakfast containing whey protein induced greater satiety and reduction of glucose spikes after meals.
An ongoing clinical trial found that older overweight and obese adults with Type 2 diabetes can improve glucose control, body composition, and physical function through healthier diets and regular exercise. The study's results suggest that lifestyle changes may be a viable treatment option for this age group.
Researchers at Lund University developed a new method to predict type 2 diabetes risk by detecting epigenetic changes in specific genes through a simple blood test. The study found that higher DNA methylation levels were associated with increased insulin secretion and lower disease risk.
A recent study by University of Montreal researchers has discovered a common genetic defect in beta cells that may lead to the loss of insulin production in both type 1 and type 2 diabetics. The findings suggest that genetics play a critical role in beta cell survival, with fragile cells being more prone to damage and disease.
A new study found a significant association between high serum omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations and a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Linoleic and arachidonic acids showed similar protective effects, while gamma-linolenic and dihomo-γ-linolenic acids were linked to a higher risk.
A new study discovered that a common genetic defect in beta cells may underlie both form of diabetes. The research found that genetics is critical for the survival of beta cells, and a genetic predisposition for fragile beta cells may lead to diabetes development.
Researchers found that replacing saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat slows diabetes progression in people with prediabetes whose muscles do not take up glucose properly. In contrast, reducing saturated fat had no effect on progress for those with liver-produced excess glucose.
A new study from Newcastle University found that people who reverse their Type 2 diabetes and keep their weight down remain free of the condition. The research shows that even patients with diabetes for up to 10 years can reverse their condition by removing fat from their pancreas.
A study published in Diabetologia found that bariatric surgery significantly improved type 2 diabetes remission rates compared to an intensive lifestyle and medical intervention. Patients with mild-to-moderate obesity experienced greater weight loss, improved glucose control, and reduced need for diabetes medications after RYGB.
Patients with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY1) benefit from therapies targeting a specific pathway regulating insulin secretion, not oral medications linked to beta-cell destruction. Research suggests MODY1 patients may become dependent on insulin injections sooner due to cellular stress levels.
A new article explores the effect of frailty on diabetes in older people, suggesting a regressive course with increased risk of hypoglycemia. The review highlights the importance of regular medication reviews and gradual reduction or withdrawal of hypoglycemic medications.
A randomized controlled trial found that CPAP did not significantly improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes and obstructive sleep apnea. Researchers suggest that OSA may play a bigger role in the development of diabetes than its control, and that adherence to CPAP treatment may be a challenge.
Researchers at Lund University discovered a link between nicotine and type 2 diabetes, finding that nicotinic acetylcholine receptors influence insulin release. A genetic alteration affecting these receptors increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Research suggests CPAP improves insulin sensitivity and decreases inflammatory proteins, lowering HbA1c levels and cardiovascular disease risk. Patients with OSA and type 2 diabetes who used CPAP showed significant improvements in glycemic control, inflammation and cardiovascular risk factors.
A UC Riverside-led study links thirdhand smoke exposure to insulin resistance and hyperglycemia in mice, a precursor to type 2 diabetes. Exposure to toxins from second-hand smoke causes oxidative stress, damaging proteins and DNA, leading to insulin resistance.
A study found that degludec/liraglutide was associated with greater HbA1c level reduction, weight loss, and lower hypoglycemia rates compared to glargine. The medication also had more nonserious gastrointestinal adverse events.
Researchers found that mitochondria in brain cells rapidly change shape and function in response to high blood sugar levels, affecting peripheral tissue functions. The study suggests that alterations in this mechanism may be crucial for type 2 diabetes development.
A new randomized controlled study found that adults with prediabetes who followed a nationally-available weight management program with a prediabetes-specific component, Weight Watchers, lost significantly more weight and experienced better blood glucose control than those following a self-initiated program. The study suggests that nat...
A new study found an important relationship between proteins secreted by the heart and obesity, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Higher levels of cardiac natriuretic peptides and lower clearance receptor in adipose tissue suggest a potential new approach to treating metabolic disorders.
Researchers developed a screening algorithm using electronic health records to identify people with undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes, uncovering previously unknown risk factors such as sexual and gender identity disorders and intestinal infections. The tool showed promise in detecting 400,000 potential cases nationally.
Researchers have found an epigenetic mechanism implicated in the regulation of blood sugar, with the TXNIP gene associated with diabetes mellitus type 2 and poor glucose control. The study's results could help identify patients at risk of developing diabetes and develop new therapies.
A recent study by DZD researchers found that height has a significant impact on the mortality from certain common diseases. Tall people have a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, but a higher cancer risk. The study suggests that increased height may be related to overnutrition during growth stages.
Research published in Diabetologia reveals that each extra hour of daily sedentary time is associated with a 22% increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Participants with type 2 diabetes spent more time sedentary, highlighting the importance of reducing sedentary behavior in diabetes prevention.
A community lifestyle intervention program reduced cardiovascular disease risk in diabetes patients by 9.6%, fasting glucose by 9%, body mass index by 3.7% and systolic blood pressure by 5.7%. Participants experienced significant reductions after completing 16 two-hour classes on healthy living basics.
A new report identifies several forms of testing to measure the risk of heart disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. These tests include exercise testing and coronary calcium scanning, which can detect silent ischemia and identify the highest-risk patients for more effective treatments. The study suggests that a significant proporti...
Research published in Diabetologia found that women with one sleep disorder have a 47% increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The risk increases to four times for those with multiple sleep disorders. The study highlights the importance of good sleeping patterns for preventing diabetes.