Articles tagged with Type 2 Diabetes
Researchers have identified two coffee compounds, cafestol and caffeic acid, that contribute to the health benefit of drinking three to four cups of coffee per day in preventing type 2 diabetes. Cafestol increases insulin secretion and glucose uptake in muscle cells, matching the effects of a currently prescribed antidiabetic drug.
Researchers at Newcastle University found that Type 2 diabetes is caused by excess fat in the pancreas, which can be removed through weight loss. Losing just one gram of pancreatic fat can reverse the condition and restore normal insulin function, regardless of body weight or method of weight loss.
A recent study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that breastfeeding significantly lowers the risk of developing type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes. Women who exclusively or mostly breastfed for at least two months after giving birth were half as likely to develop type 2 diabetes within two years after delivery.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine have identified Th17 cells and Th1 as key players in obesity-associated type 2 diabetes. The study reveals a biomarker that can predict the development of Type 2 diabetes in 75% of people with obesity, offering new potential targets for prevention.
Aging mice with a new type of diabetes have high levels of immune cells called T regulatory cells in their fat tissue, leading to insulin resistance. Blocking these cells may hold the key to treating this age-related form of diabetes.
Researchers found obesity and Type 2 diabetes negatively impact bone health, while exercise prevents weight gain, diabetes, and increases bone strength. This study informs interventions to improve bone health in individuals with obesity and Type 2 diabetes.
Researchers at the University of Exeter have created a genetic test to identify young adults at risk of type 1 diabetes. The new tool combines genetic variants to provide a single score, helping doctors diagnose and treat patients more effectively.
Higher levels of urinary potassium excretion were linked with slower declines in kidney function and lower cardiovascular complications among patients with type 2 diabetes. A diet rich in potassium may help protect heart and kidney health, according to the study.
A new study found that short bursts of high-intensity exercise improved cholesterol, blood sugar, and weight among Type 2 diabetes patients. Researchers compared the effects of 30 minutes of lower-intensity exercise to three months of high-intensity exercise in 10-minute bursts, finding a significant difference in outcomes.
Virginia Tech researchers will investigate how people on the brink of developing Type 2 diabetes value the future, aiming to improve self-regulation and prevent medical complications. The study, funded by $2.4 million grant, applies approaches developed in addiction research to develop a behavioral treatment.
Researchers have identified genetic markers associated with individual risk of type 2 diabetes, providing new insights into the biological processes underlying the disease. The study's findings suggest that specific DNA variants can influence gene expression in key organs, offering a promising avenue for translation into clinical utility.
Researchers found that short bursts of light physical activity, such as walking breaks or desk exercises, reduced systolic blood pressure by 10 and 12 points respectively. This study provides evidence for the benefits of breaking sedentary behavior in people with type 2 diabetes.
A new class of type 2 diabetes drugs, SGLT2 inhibitors, have been shown to significantly reduce hospitalizations and deaths from heart failure. The EMPA-REG trial found that patients treated with the drug experienced significant reductions in blood sugar, blood pressure, weight loss, and major hospitalizations for heart failure.
Research presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2015 found that eating about two homemade lunches or dinners a week can lower Type 2 diabetes risk by 13%. The study analyzed data from nearly 58,000 women and 41,000 men over 36 years.
The study suggests specific criteria for adolescents that differ from those in adults to predict outcomes and guide treatment. An A1C greater than 6.3% within three months of starting metformin increases the risk of losing glucose control within 11 months.
Chronic short sleep duration of 6 hours or less increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and older women. Increasing sleep duration by 2 hours or more also associated with a modest increased risk of diabetes, even after adjusting for other factors such as diet and physical activity.
Researchers used data analysis to identify three distinct subtypes of patients with type 2 diabetes, each associated with different clinical characteristics and genetic variants. The study suggests a novel approach that can be applied to virtually any disease, potentially leading to more effective diagnosis and treatment.
A Wayne State University research team, led by Zhengping Yi, aims to discover the abnormality in protein phosphatase 1 contributing to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The $2.58 million NIH grant will support clinical studies, in vitro cell studies, and proteomics research.
Researchers have discovered a biological sensor called NLRP1 that responds to excess energy intake and instructs cells to burn fat stores. The study, published in Cell Metabolism, suggests that activating this protein could help combat obesity and type 2 diabetes.
A pilot study found early insulin therapy to be as effective as 15 months of oral therapy, improving A1C levels from 10.1% to 6.7% in insulin-treated group and 9.9% to 6.8% in oral therapy group, with no severe hypoglycemia reported
A recent CU Anschutz study reveals that people with Type 2 diabetes perceive exercise as more difficult due to metabolic and cardiovascular challenges. The researchers found elevated lactate levels and increased rating of perceived exertion among individuals with the disease.
Patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes who drank red wine daily for two years showed improved cardiac health and cholesterol management. The study suggests that moderate alcohol intake may have specific benefits for lipid variables, but the authors caution against potential risks.
A genetic variant near the KLF14 gene regulates fat storage in women, affecting their risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. The variant influences hip circumference, with women carrying one allele tending to have larger hips than those with the other allele.
A $3.5 million grant will fund a five-year study to evaluate the efficacy of virtual world and classroom groups in teaching diabetes self-management skills to minority women with type 2 diabetes. The study aims to increase physical activity levels and measure technological development milestones.
Researchers found that exercise significantly improved glucose tolerance and weight loss in people with increased risk of type 2 diabetes due to family history, but the effect was similar among healthy individuals who also exercised regularly.
For patients with low pre-test probability of PE, applying PERC rule should guide diagnostic strategy. Imaging and testing can be reserved for those with high pre-test probability or contraindications to CT pulmonary angiography.
A new study found that a Mediterranean-type diet high in monounsaturated fats and low in saturated fats decreased the inflammatory response, compared to diets high or low in palmitic acid. The research suggests that dietary fats may play a key role in obesity-related diseases.
A new study published in Diabetologia shows that taking blood pressure medications at bedtime halves the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in hypertensive patients. The research found a 57% decrease in risk with nighttime treatment compared to morning treatment.
A study by University of Alberta researchers discovered a new molecular pathway that manages insulin production, offering hope for restoring the 'dimmer switch' in Type 2 diabetes. The findings suggest that this pathway can be revived to control insulin secretion from islet cells.
A new study suggests that obese patients with type 2 diabetes may benefit from priority access to obesity surgery, as they often experience remission of diabetes and reduced complications. This can lead to lower accumulated drug costs and overall healthcare expenses.
A new meta-analysis has found that smoking significantly increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, with current smokers at a 37% higher risk than never smokers. The risk decreases after quitting, but former smokers are still at an 18% increased risk after 5 years and 11% more than 10 years ago.
Research suggests that excessive daytime sleepiness and taking long naps during the day are associated with a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. A meta-analysis of 261,365 subjects found that excessive daytime sleepiness increased the risk by 56%, while longer naps of 60 minutes or more increased the risk by 46%.
A new study published in Diabetologia shows that high protein diets from both animal and plant sources improve blood sugar control and reduce liver fat in patients with type 2 diabetes. Insulin sensitivity improved only in the animal protein group, while the plant protein group showed significant reductions in kidney function parameters.
New research suggests that obese patients with type 2 diabetes should be prioritized for obesity surgery, as they often experience remission of diabetes and reduced healthcare costs. The study, based on the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study, found that total healthcare costs were lower in surgery patients who had prediabetes or diabetes.
A 3-year-old girl with obesity and symptoms of excessive urination and thirst was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, reversing the disease through lifestyle modification and medication, highlighting early screening and diagnosis as key factors in disease management.
Research shows high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is associated with lower intakes of healthy foods like fruits, vegetables, and yoghurt. In contrast, tea and juice consumption is linked to higher intakes of these nutritious foods.
A study of 350,000 patients with type 2 diabetes found those with poor blood sugar control have a 50% higher risk of being admitted to hospital for dementia compared to those with good control. Improved blood sugar control may prevent many cases of dementia in these patients.
Researchers found that current and former marijuana users are more likely to have prediabetes, but not type 2 diabetes, compared to never users. Marijuana use was associated with a higher risk of developing prediabetes in middle adulthood, particularly among those who used the drug excessively.
A new study reveals that high-intensity intermittent exercise training improves heart structure and benefits diabetes control in patients with type 2 diabetes. The study showed significant improvements in cardiac structure and function, particularly in the left ventricle, and a modest improvement in diabetes control.
Researchers found that nearly 50% of Asian Americans with diabetes remain undiagnosed, with the highest prevalence in Hispanic Americans at nearly 23%. The study highlights the need for increased education and testing efforts among this population.
A new study published in the Lancet found that metabolic or bariatric surgery was more effective than standard medical treatment for the long-term control of type 2 diabetes in obese patients. Surgery resulted in better glycemic control, lower levels of blood glucose, and reduced need for anti-diabetic medication.
Researchers found a strong link between prenatal exposure to the Ukrainian Famine of 1932-33 and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood. The study, which included over 43,000 cases of type 2 diabetes, suggests that early gestation is a critical period for the development of long-term health outcomes.
A new study found that people with Type 2 diabetes took more antibiotics in the years leading up to their diagnosis compared to healthy controls. Narrow-spectrum antibiotics like penicillin V were particularly associated with a higher risk of diabetes.
A study found that daily liraglutide injections, combined with diet and exercise, resulted in greater weight loss over 56 weeks compared to placebo. Average weight loss was 6.0% with liraglutide (3.0-mg dose), significantly better than the 2.0% with placebo.
A new delayed-release metformin treatment has been developed to target the lower bowel and limit absorption into the blood. The treatment may help 40% of type 2 diabetes patients who currently can't take metformin due to impaired kidney function.
Research published in Diabetologia found that insulin resistance is associated with poorer verbal fluency in women, a sign of cognitive decline. The study also discovered that higher insulin resistance is linked to slower reaction times and increased risk for Alzheimer's disease in this demographic.
A study published in The BMJ found that trans fats are associated with a greater risk of death and coronary heart disease, but saturated fats are not. The study suggests that industrial trans fats may increase the risk of coronary heart disease and calls for a review of dietary guidelines.
A study published in the British Medical Journal found that trans fats are associated with a 34% increase in death for any reason, while saturated fats showed no clear association with an increased risk of death or heart disease. However, researchers recommend replacing high-fat foods with vegetable oils, nuts, and whole grains.
A study found that physical activity reduces insulin resistance in early-teens, but not at age 16. The findings suggest targeting the early-teens for more effective interventions to prevent type 2 diabetes.
A University of Queensland study has found that drinking alcohol around the time of conception increases the risk of type 2 diabetes and obesity in early middle age. Research using laboratory rat models showed that exposure to five standard drinks before implantation causes changes to the embryo, leading to increased risk.
A new study from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health reveals a molecular mechanism connecting obesity-associated inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum dysfunction in the development of type 2 diabetes. The research suggests that targeting inflammatory pathways could aid in the treatment of metabolic disease.
Research demonstrates impaired activation of mitochondrial energy metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes, leading to decreased insulin secretion. A novel fluorescence microscopic assay reveals a subtle disharmony between bioenergetic supply and demand pathways, suggesting a shift towards systems-level approaches to fight the disease.
Scientists at the University of Southampton have developed a molecule that acts as an exercise mimic, reducing fasting blood glucose levels and promoting weight loss in obese mice. The new compound 14 inhibits a cellular enzyme involved in metabolism, leading to improved glucose tolerance and reduced body weight.
A recent study published in The BMJ found that regular consumption of sugary drinks is positively associated with type 2 diabetes, independent of obesity status. The study estimated that two million new-onset type 2 diabetes events in the US and 80,000 in the UK could be related to sugar sweetened beverage consumption over 10 years.
A joint association between low birth weight and unhealthy lifestyle in adulthood increases the risk of type 2 diabetes. Research suggests that adopting a healthy lifestyle can prevent most cases of this condition.
A new study by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found that low birth weight combined with an unhealthy adult lifestyle can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The researchers analyzed data from over 149,000 healthy men and women and found that 18% of cases were attributable to the combined effect of low birth weig...
Researchers at the University of Missouri have identified a link between Type 2 diabetes and damaged lymphatic vessels, which can lead to impaired immune function. The study found that an amino acid commonly found in red meat and poultry may help improve lymphatic function in individuals with Type 2 diabetes.
The American College of Physicians recommends combined diet and physical activity promotion programs to prevent type 2 diabetes in at-risk patients. These interventions have been shown to be effective in reducing new onset diabetes and are also cost-effective.
Research published in Cell Metabolism reveals that ancestral undernutrition can lead to obesity and metabolic disorders, increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes. A study on rats found that descendants of undernourished ancestors were eight times more likely to develop diabetes when switched to a normal diet.
A review of 160 clinical trials found exercise improves health outcomes, but effects vary by age, gender, and health status. Intermediate biomarkers like insulin resistance and inflammation may mediate cardioprotective effects.