Articles tagged with Type 2 Diabetes
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The BRCA1 gene is expressed in skeletal muscle cells and plays a critical role in fat storage, insulin response, and mitochondrial function. Mutations in the BRCA1 gene may increase the risk of metabolic diseases like obesity and type 2 diabetes.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that women who experienced gestational diabetes during pregnancy had a larger carotid artery wall thickness, indicating an increased risk of early atherosclerosis and heart disease. This finding suggests that reproductive complications can signal future disease risk.
Researchers at Lund University found epigenetic changes in approximately 800 genes of people with type 2 diabetes, which could contribute to reduced insulin production. Epigenetic changes are reversible and can be influenced by factors like age, BMI, and lifestyle.
An international team has identified genetic mutations that reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes by 65% in people with risk factors. These mutations may lead to the development of a new therapeutic strategy for preventing and treating the disease.
Research finds that living in a socioeconomically deprived region increases the risk of diabetes and obesity, regardless of individual social status. The study analyzed data from over 33,000 people and found significant correlations between regional deprivation and type 2 diabetes and obesity rates.
James Watson suggests that type 2 diabetes is linked to a lack of biological oxidants, not an excess. Exercise promotes oxidation, which can help remedy this deficiency and benefit individuals with high blood sugar.
A study by Massachusetts General Hospital found that cognitive behavioral therapy addressing mood and treatment management skills improved blood sugar control and reduced depression symptoms in poorly-controlled type 2 diabetes patients. The integrated approach showed faster relief of depression symptoms compared to usual care.
A new study published in Diabetologia found that diabetes in women is associated with a higher risk of stroke compared to men. The research showed a graded association between HbA1c levels and stroke risk in women, indicating that those with higher blood sugar levels are more likely to experience a stroke.
A new study by the University of Michigan finds that pediatric providers are using less effective screening tests for type 2 diabetes in children, leading to potential missed diagnoses. The new American Diabetes Association guidelines have been criticized due to lower test performance and increased costs for non-fasting tests.
A recent study published in PLOS Medicine suggests that type 2 diabetes may not be directly linked to substantial weight gain over time. Instead, researchers identified distinct patterns of obesity development, including stable overweight individuals and those who experience continuous weight gain before diagnosis. The findings highlig...
A study of over 48,000 patients and 139,000 healthy controls from four ethnic groups revealed seven new genetic regions associated with type 2 diabetes. The research provides insights into the biological processes involved in the disease and may lead to novel therapies.
A large study published in Diabetologia found that higher yogurt consumption was associated with a reduced risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The researchers found that consuming low-fat fermented dairy products, such as yoghurt, reduced the relative risk of diabetes by 24% overall.
Research suggests that intensive blood pressure and cholesterol lowering treatment does not lower the risk of cognitive decline in older patients with long-standing type 2 diabetes mellitus. In contrast, a lower brain volume was observed in patients who received intensive blood pressure-lowering therapy.
Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for both obesity and type 2 diabetes, offering substantial benefits in terms of weight loss, metabolic status, and quality of life. In people with type 2 diabetes, bariatric surgery can reverse complications and improve end-organ health, including pancreatic, renal, retinal, peripheral ...
A study at Lund University Diabetes Centre found that gastric bypass surgery increases the number of beta cells and improves their function in pigs. The procedure raised blood sugar levels without weight loss or reduced food intake, contradicting previous assumptions.
Research from the University of East Anglia found that high intakes of flavonoids lower insulin resistance and inflammation, reducing the risk of diabetes. Flavone compounds also improved blood glucose regulation.
A recent study has made significant progress in understanding the role of DNA in predisposing individuals to diseases such as type 2 diabetes. The research integrated computational methodology with experimentation to identify genetic variants that promote disease by interfering with gene regulation and altering fat cell function.
A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that maintaining higher blood glucose levels than recommended does not increase the risk of diabetes complications. People with MODY, a genetic change leading to elevated blood glucose from birth, had the same risk as their normal relatives.
A large-scale study refutes previous findings that suggested being overweight or obese could lead to lower mortality among people with type 2 diabetes. The study found no association between BMI and risk of death, with normal-weight individuals having the lowest risk.
A study discovered that PGC-1α, a protein regulating energy production in cells, may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. Chronically low levels of this protein in muscle tissue were linked to increased risk and detrimental effects on other tissues, including inflammation in the liver and adipose tissue.
A recent study published in Diabetes Care found that high concentrations of serum long-chain omega-3 fatty acids from fish consumption significantly lower the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The research involved over 2,200 Finnish men, with those in the highest omega-3 group showing a 33% reduced risk.
A large study found that women who engaged in muscle-strengthening activities, such as weight training and yoga, had a reduced risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Women who met current physical activity guidelines, including both muscle-strengthening and aerobic exercise, experienced the greatest benefit.
Scientists have discovered that insulin-producing beta cells may fail due to oxygen deprivation, leading to type 2 diabetes. A second study reveals that acinar cells can be converted into functional beta cells, offering a promising new approach for treating the disease.
Researchers found that variations in non-coding DNA sequences influence insulin-producing cell behavior in people with type 2 diabetes. Genome sequences controlling gene activity were identified, and genetic variants associated with diabetes risk were also linked to these clusters.
A new study has found that genetic regions associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes were unlikely to have been beneficial to people at stages through human evolution. The researchers tested this theory by examining 65 genetic regions and found no evidence to support the thrifty gene hypothesis.
A sugar-sweetened beverage tax could mitigate the rise in obesity and type 2 diabetes rates in India by averting millions of cases. The study estimates that a 20% SSB tax would save 11.2 million cases of overweight/obesity and 400,000 cases of type 2 diabetes between 2014 and 2023.
Researchers found that a single gene defect in MADD leads to fasting hyperglycemia and insufficient insulin secretion in mice. The study suggests that type 2 diabetes can be directly caused by the loss of a properly functioning MADD gene, highlighting potential therapeutic targets for treating people with this mutation.
Scientists have found that macrophages invade the diabetic pancreas, producing cytokines that contribute to insulin-producing beta cells' elimination. This discovery may lead to development of tailor-made anti-inflammatory therapies to reduce type 2 diabetes burden.
Researchers have identified a new genetic risk factor for type 2 diabetes, found to be more common in Latin Americans than other populations. The variant, SLC16A11, is associated with a 25% increased risk of diabetes and is linked to Neanderthal ancestry.
A texting service, txt4health, motivated people to change behavior and reduce their risk of type 2 diabetes, but less than half of enrollees stuck with the service. The program led to significant improvements in diet and physical activity habits among participants.
A study found that nonsurgical periodontal treatment did not result in improved glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis. Despite improvements in clinical measures of chronic periodontitis, the treatment had no impact on HbAlc levels.
Researchers found that longer duration of diabetes and advancing age are associated with increased rates of diabetes complications, hypoglycemia, cardiovascular complications, and mortality. The study highlights the need for individualized care for older patients with type 2 diabetes.
Research suggests a link between red meat and increased risk of gestational diabetes in pregnant women. Women are advised to consume more vegetable protein, nuts, and fish, while replacing some red meat with poultry.
A recent study published in Diabetes Care found that Native Americans and African-Americans with type 2 diabetes have a significantly higher risk of developing dementia. The study analyzed data from over 22,000 patients aged 60 or older with type 2 diabetes and found that dementia rates were highest among these groups.
A UK Biobank study has found a strong link between fathers' diabetes and their child's low birth weight, with genetic variations potentially explaining this effect. The research used data from 250,000 adults and suggests that treatments aimed at increasing birth weight may not be effective in preventing type 2 diabetes.
A study found that First Nations adults with diabetes are more than double the risk of developing end-stage kidney disease. The high rates of kidney disease among First Nations people are attributed to younger onset of diabetes, leading to increased survival time and likelihood of progression to end-stage renal disease.
Researchers found vitamin D supplementation significantly improved depression symptoms and reduced neuropathic and sensory pain in women with type 2 diabetes. The study also showed a notable decrease in pain at three and six months following supplementation.
A new study published in PLOS ONE suggests that a Mediterranean diet without breakfast, but with a large meal at lunch, may be the most beneficial for patients with diabetes. The study found that this diet approach reduced blood glucose levels and triglycerides compared to low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets.
A study of former elite male athletes found that those who were previously elite athletes had a 28% lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes in later life. The risk was even higher for endurance sports athletes, with a 61% reduction in risk.
A recent study found that individuals with type 2 diabetes who engage in low levels of physical activity are at a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular disease and death, with a 25% greater risk of coronary events and a 70% greater risk of fatal cardiovascular events.
Regular, moderate coffee consumption decreases an individual's risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Key research findings include a 25% lower risk for consuming three to four cups per day compared to none or less than two cups.
A Mayo Clinic study published in the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research found that patients with type 2 diabetes have lower bone material strength, highlighting the need for conventional measurements to be reevaluated. The research suggests potential detrimental effects of poor glucose control on bone quality.
Researchers have identified a crucial intermediate step in the formation of plaque that causes type 2 diabetes. The protein amylin aggregates into plaques that kill cells, but animals resistant to the disease prevent this by targeting an earlier clumping process.
A large prospective study has shown that a higher dietary acid load increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, regardless of individual foods. The study found that women with higher acid loads had a 56% increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared to those with lower acid loads.
South Asian men have lower resting energy expenditure and metabolically active brown fat compared to Caucasians, which may contribute to their increased risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. Increasing BAT activity through cold exposure or medication could potentially help alleviate this risk.
Researchers have identified adolescents with type 1 diabetes at risk of developing heart and kidney diseases through a simple urine test. The study found that normal variation in albumin levels can be an indicator of risk during adolescence.
A new Clinical Practice Guideline recommends that all pregnant women with no prior diagnosis of diabetes be tested for the condition at their first prenatal visit. Early detection can help prevent complications and ensure a healthy pregnancy. The guideline also provides recommendations for testing, treatment, and follow-up care for wom...
Scientists have developed a new therapeutic approach for Type 2 diabetes using a novel single molecule hormone that acts on GLP-1 and GIP receptors. The hormone reduces weight and improves blood sugar levels, and may offer unprecedented potential for personalized therapies.
A nationwide NIH-funded trial will determine if vitamin D supplementation can reduce the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes in people at high risk. The study, led by Tufts Medical Center, will involve 2,500 participants and aim to confirm a hypothesis about vitamin D's role in preventing diabetes.
A rare glimpse into President Taft's weight loss journey with a modern approach to treating obesity, and how lifestyle changes can prevent diabetes in high-risk patients. Unruptured brain aneurysms are common but few cause harm.
A study published in Diabetologia reveals gastric banding surgery can rapidly reverse type 2 diabetes in some patients and improve glucose tolerance significantly. The surgery helps reduce inflammation and allows for consistent calorie intake, making it effective for long-term weight loss and diabetes control.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation has shed new light on the relationship between type 2 diabetes and mitochondrial function. Researchers found that heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) is crucial for appropriate mitochondrial function and insulin responses, while leptin plays a key role in regulating HSP60.
A Wayne State University researcher is studying the effects of exercise on a process that plays a critical role in insulin signaling within skeletal muscle. He aims to identify molecular mechanisms responsible for improved insulin action after exercise and provide novel targets for preventing and treating type 2 diabetes.
A systematic review by the University of Southampton found that people taking antidepressants are at a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, although the exact cause is still unknown. Different types of antidepressants may carry varying risks, and further research is needed to determine their individual effects.
A new study by Cleveland Clinic found that bariatric surgery significantly improves and reverses Type 2 diabetes in obese patients. Long-term weight loss and gastric bypass surgery are key predictors of sustained remission, with nearly one-third of patients achieving normal blood glucose levels off medication.
A study published in Clinical Chemistry found that SHBG levels are significantly associated with type 2 diabetes risk in women, with age, estrogen therapy, and coffee consumption being key predictors. The research also suggests that adjusting these factors may impact SHBG levels and ultimately diabetes risk.
A new UMass Medical School study reveals that all postmenopausal women with diabetes, irrespective of their racial or ethnic background, are at a significantly higher risk of dying from cardiovascular disease and cancer. The research underscores the importance of prevention strategies to reduce disparities in diabetes-related mortality...
A novel biomarker, 2-aminoadipic acid (2-AAA), has been identified that can predict diabetes risk up to 12 years in advance. Individuals with high levels of 2-AAA concentrations had a fourfold risk of developing diabetes compared to those with lower levels.
Researchers have identified a metabolite as a biomarker of diabetes risk, revealing that individuals with increased levels are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes. Additionally, the study found that a specific genetic mutation affects muscle performance in elite endurance athletes by altering calcineurin signaling.
A study of 1,256 Argentine women found plaque buildup was more common among those with type 2 diabetes. Researchers recommend screening for heart disease in younger women with type 2 diabetes to reduce the risk of heart attacks.