Articles tagged with Bacterial Pathogens
Severe injuries on battlefields increase risk of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections in war-wounded soldiers. Effective personal protective equipment and medical care have improved survival rates but not mitigated the risk of wound infections.
Researchers found that Mycobacterium tuberculosis converts NO2 to NO using coenzyme F420, protecting itself from oxidative damage. This defense mechanism allows the bacteria to survive in the human immune system and stay dormant until the system is weakened.
Researchers at the University of Bath are part of a €3 million Europe-wide collaboration to pioneer new, safer anti-bacterial plastics and coatings. The team has developed compounds effective against MRSA and other hospital bacterial infections, with the goal of incorporating them into various materials.
Researchers at HZI have identified a molecular signal pathway that enables E. coli bacteria to adhere to host cells and form pedestals, allowing them to reproduce on the cell surface without being flushed from the intestine. The discovery sheds light on how pathogenic bacteria develop complex processes in the host.
Researchers found evidence that houseflies collected near broiler poultry operations can contribute to the dispersion of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The study suggests that flies in intensive production areas could efficiently spread resistant organisms over large distances.
Researchers at Kansas State University collaborated with Epitopix LLC to develop the US' first vaccine against E. coli O157 in beef cattle. The vaccine has been granted conditional approval by the USDA and is expected to help reduce cattle shedding of the pathogen.
UT Southwestern researchers have identified a new receptor in E coli that senses stress cues from its host, triggering the release of toxins and causing disease. The discovery provides insight into how bacteria respond to stress and could lead to the development of new treatments for diseases such as sepsis.
A study of E. coli transport behavior reveals significant variability among strains from different host species and sources, affecting cell properties like surface charge and hydrophobicity. Cell width is the only property correlated with transport behavior in this research.
Mobile phone handsets used by hospital workers are highly contagious with bacteria, including MRSA, and can lead to infections ranging from skin complaints to life-threatening illness. The study recommends strict infection-control procedures and decontamination methods to prevent the spread of infection.
Researchers found that the Bt toxin loses its potency against certain moth and butterfly species unless the insects have specific gut bacteria present. The study suggests that these beneficial bacteria can make the toxin lethal to the insects, highlighting the importance of their presence in pest management.
Researchers at Ohio State University have discovered a way to modify bacterial sugar molecules, which could be used to create potent vaccines. This technique allows for the easy production of vaccine components through simple fermentation.
A briefcase-sized kit, called PADLOC, aims to detect plant diseases rapidly and accurately, allowing farmers to take action to prevent damage. The kit uses nanotechnology to measure microorganisms and provide real-time recommendations for farmers.
Researchers found a citric acid-based Achilles heel in the African Violet houseplant pathogen that could be exploited to treat Anthrax. A common strategy to block both Anthrax and African Violet siderophore synthesis pathways has been identified, offering new possibilities for combating infections.
Scientists at Washington University School of Medicine found that bacteria causing urinary tract infections produce compounds called siderophores to steal iron from their hosts. These tools provide a potential way to target bad strains of bacteria for eradication without affecting good strains. The discovery could lead to new treatment...
Researchers identified two molecules, yersiniabactin and salmochelin, that enable E. coli to survive and reproduce by stealing iron from their hosts. This discovery presents a potential way to selectively eradicate pathogenic E.coli strains without affecting beneficial ones.
Eight UT Austin engineering professors win prestigious NSF CAREER awards, with funding of over $3.2 million to support cutting-edge research in fields like nanotechnology, energy systems, and biomedical engineering.
Researchers at McMaster University have discovered a new way bacteria evolve into pathogens by rewiring regulatory DNA. This finding has significant implications for identifying and assigning risk to emerging diseases.
Scientists at North Carolina State University have found that Lactobacillus acidophilus can deliver vaccines into the small intestine, where they trigger an immune response. The approach could potentially be used to create oral vaccines for other viruses and pathogens.
Heidelberg researchers use cryo-electron tomography to visualize the structure of Lyme disease bacteria, revealing differences in motility systems that may explain varying symptoms between European and North American patients. The study provides new insights into the complex biology of borreliosis and potential therapeutic targets.
Researchers have identified a manganese protein essential for Lyme disease bacteria to become virulent. The study found that manganese is crucial for the bacterium's growth and survival, raising questions about its role in pathogenicity.
Researchers at NIST and Brookhaven National Laboratory have defined the structure of a metabolic switch found inside most types of bacteria, revealing how a key protein regulates genes involved in bacterial survival. The discovery could lead to new methods for preventing tuberculosis and other pathogenic diseases.
A team of scientists found that a single gene is enough for bacteria to switch from one host animal to another. The study, published in Nature, reveals the genetic pressure point that could be manipulated to thwart germs that make us sick.
Researchers have discovered a compound that targets four crucial metabolic pathways of the tuberculosis bacterium, weakening and destroying it. This approach could lead to the development of safer, single-drug treatments that eliminate the need for lengthy medication regimens.
Researchers at UBC discovered a mimic of nature's antibiotic that can protect surfaces from bacteria and fungi, potentially reducing medical problems like degeneration or rejection of implants. The synthetic peptides are active when attached to surfaces, killing harmful bacteria and fungus.
Craft goat's cheese contains most bacteria from lactic acid, which may have technological and functional properties. These bacteria could be beneficial for health due to their antimicrobial compounds.
Research by Arizona State University scientists reveals that APEC can be transmitted from poultry to humans through shared genetic material, highlighting the need for a vaccine to prevent infections. The study identified key genes responsible for disease-causing effects and suggests these could be used to develop vaccine candidates.
A new University of Delaware research study is exploring the emergence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a leading cause of seafood-borne illness worldwide. The study aims to determine the pathogen's virulence genes and develop an agent to treat contaminated oysters.
Researchers identify bacteria responsible for yellow band disease, a bacterial infection that sickens coral colonies and kills photosynthetic symbionts. Warmer temperatures exacerbate the disease's virulence, posing a grim prognosis for corals and their spread.
Researchers have visualized the molecular structure of the LtaS enzyme, a key player in MRSA's growth and spread. The team hopes to develop a new antibiotic targeting this enzyme to combat the superbug.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed two new vaccine strains using Salmonella typhimurium as an antigen delivery system. These recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccines (RASVs) trigger a powerful systemic immune response, offering a promising solution to infant bacterial pneumonia. The safety and efficacy of these no...
Researchers identified the structure of a key component facilitating the exchange of antibiotic resistance genes between bacteria. This discovery sheds light on how type IV secretion systems, which also transport toxins, contribute to disease-causing properties and public health concerns.
Researchers at McGill University have discovered a DNA variation in the NLRP3 gene that increases susceptibility to developing Crohn's disease. The study reveals how a faulty bacterial sensor disrupts the digestive immune system's defense against harmful bacteria, leading to chronic inflammation and disease.
Researchers at NC State University and CDC have isolated a new Bartonella species, B. melophagi, from human blood samples, linking it to human illness. The discovery expands the list of documented human pathogens and highlights the need for further research into transmission routes and disease development.
A large study of 704 babies found no cases of bacterial meningitis in children with simple febrile seizures. The researchers suggest that lumbar punctures may not be necessary for well-appearing children who have had a single, uncomplicated seizure.
The Rockefeller University Center for Clinical and Translational Science has awarded grants to university investigators to conduct early studies in translational science. These studies may lead to improvements in human health if successful.
Scientists used live animal imaging to study chronic Listeria infection harbored in bone marrow, finding persistent patches of bacteria. The researchers also explored attenuated strains of Listeria for cancer treatment, but it's unclear if bacterial persistence affects therapeutic effects.
Researchers at Arizona State University discovered a key survival circuit that allows Salmonella bacteria to overcome the body's defense mechanisms. The bacteria use a complex system of regulatory proteins and genes to adapt to changing environments, including nutrient starvation and antimicrobial peptides.
A study found that variations within Acinetobacter baumannii bacteria can affect its response to antibiotics, highlighting the need for targeted therapy in infectious disease. The analysis of six genomes revealed unique sets of genes among isolates, with some genes shared but others specific to different subsets.
Researchers at the University of Illinois and Massachusetts have found a way to target a bacteria's evolutionary machinery, programming its own death. The synthetic antimicrobial depends on phosphoethanolamine lipids in bacterial membranes.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine found that a fruit fly's immune system responds to infections based on its daily cycle and circadian rhythms. The study suggests that understanding the relationship between sleep patterns and immunity could have significant implications for human health.
Researchers have discovered that manipulating salmonella bacteria in space can reduce their infectiousness. The study found that microgravity alters the expression of genes related to virulence, with pathogenic cells displaying a significant increase in disease potential.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered Paneth cells, which line the gut and secrete antimicrobial proteins to keep harmful bacteria from invading tissues. These cells serve as a defense mechanism to prevent disease and illnesses such as food poisoning.
A new study found that a bacterial pathogen disables the tomato plant's intruder alarm system by deactivating cell surface receptors, allowing the bacteria to spread rapidly without resistance. Understanding this mechanism could lead to new ways of tackling plant diseases without pesticides.
Researchers have uncovered how a bacterial pathogen interacts with blood coagulation protein fibrinogen to cause MRSA infections. They found that agents could be designed to inhibit the ClfA–Fg interaction without interfering with platelet activation, offering new avenues for anti-staphococcal treatment.
Researchers found that brown rats in Europe carry several pathogenic species of Bartonella bacteria, including B. elizabethae, which can cause heart disease in humans. The study raises concerns about the existence of other reservoirs and vectors for this emerging infection.
Researchers found increased levels of pathogenic bacteria on surfaces and in the air inside cars behind trucks carrying broiler chickens. The study, published in the Journal of Infection and Public Health, suggests a real exposure potential for antibiotic-resistant organisms, particularly during summer months when windows are open.
Researchers have identified a key chemical, bicarbonate, that signals Bacillus anthracis to become lethal, offering a potential target for new antibacterial treatments. The study builds on earlier observations of the bacterium's response to host conditions, confirming bicarbonate as the essential component for virulence gene expression.
A new strategy targets the cooperation among pathogens, which is more effective than killing individual cells with traditional drugs. By disrupting the teamwork, the immune system can combat any remaining infection.
A study found that antibiotic treatment can cause pervasive and persistent changes to the human gut microbiota, affecting the balance of bacteria in the gut. The researchers identified over 3,300 different types of bacteria in the human distal gut and found that antibiotic treatment influenced the abundance of about a third of those taxa.
A new study from Stanford University School of Medicine found at least 5,600 separate species or strains of bacteria in the human colon, surpassing previous estimates. The research uses pyrosequencing technology to assess bacterial ecosystems and reveals the critical functions performed by intestinal microbes.
Between 2002 and 2006, antibiotic use increased significantly at academic medical centers, driven by broader-spectrum agents and vancomycin. This trend is concerning, as it can lead to the development of drug-resistant bacteria, increasing illness, death, and healthcare costs.
Researchers found that applying a probiotic bacterial solution in place of antiseptics effectively prevents respiratory illness in ventilated patients. The friendly bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum 299, has no negative side effects and does not contribute to antibiotic-resistant strains.
A CU-Boulder study found that women's hands harbor a significantly greater diversity of microbes than men, with an average of 150 different species detected. The researchers also discovered that the diversity of bacteria on individual hands was not significantly affected by regular hand washing.
A study found that disease-causing bacteria exploit the killing machinery of immune cells by increasing the production of an enzyme called arginase. This allows them to survive within macrophages, a type of white blood cell. The researchers observed improved outcomes in mice lacking this enzyme when infected with certain pathogens.
New research finds bacteria can directly cause human blood to clot by forming clusters, a process previously thought lost in vertebrate evolution. This discovery may lead to new clinical methods for treating sepsis and anthrax, improving understanding of coagulation during bacterial infections.
Researchers have discovered a gene-protein combination that renders the lethal bacterium B. pseudomallei harmless, allowing for potential vaccine development. The Toll2 receptor is found to be effective in fending off the bacteria, contrary to previous assumptions about its limited importance.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded Eastman Dental Center's Hyun Koo $1.6 million to continue his work on preventing dental caries by disrupting bacterial biofilm formation. Koo's team has discovered compounds in cranberry and red wine grapes that may reduce the ability of bacteria to form plaque and cause cavities.
A new study published in the Journal of Environmental Quality examines the health hazards of treated sewage sludge application to land. The risks of aerosol-borne infection for biosolids workers are generally low, at less than 1 or 2% per year.
Researchers from HZI and Rutgers University discover new mode of action against pathogenic bacteria, inhibiting RNA polymerase. The natural substances also kill bacterial strains resistant to antibiotics, making them promising candidates for development as novel medicines.
Researchers have discovered that plants can send out an S.O.S. to their roots when attacked by pathogens, triggering a response from beneficial bacteria that brings relief. The study sheds light on the remarkable signaling system in plants, which rivals human and animal nervous systems.