Articles tagged with Gut Microbiota
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A University of Gothenburg study shows that a molecule from gut bacteria, imidazole propionate, reduces the efficacy of metformin in lowering blood glucose. The study found high levels of imidazole propionate associated with impaired metformin action in type 2 diabetes patients.
Researchers discovered that the gut's local immune system creates antibodies tailored to specific microbiota, challenging the long-held assumption of a non-specific approach. This finding has significant implications for understanding the relationship between the immune system and the composition of our microbiomes.
A new study suggests that gut bacteria are partially responsible for metabolic changes leading to weight gain in women after chemotherapy treatment. The research found that the pre-treatment microbiome of patients who gained weight was different from those who did not, and fecal transplantation resulted in glucose intolerance in germ-f...
A probiotic bacterial species significantly worsens multiple sclerosis severity in a mouse model. The study reveals the critical role of Lactobacillus reuteri in modulating disease risk, with colonized mice exhibiting more severe symptoms.
Researchers found caesarean section and prolonged labour influence infant gut microbiome, linked to childhood obesity and allergic sensitization. The study identified specific bacteria and metabolic pathways involved in these health outcomes.
The AGA Fecal Microbiota Transplantation National Registry reported that FMT led to a cure of C. difficile infection in 90% of patients across 20 North American FMT practice sites, with few serious side effects. The study included 259 patients enrolled between December 2017 and September 2019.
A study of 270 overweight women found no link between gut microbiota composition and the incidence of gestational diabetes. However, the combination of fish oil and probiotics was shown to modulate gut microbiota in women who did not develop gestational diabetes. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.
A study found that patients with metastatic kidney cancer who had a greater variety of gut microbes responded better to immunotherapy, and that eating a high-fiber diet may help improve treatment outcomes. The researchers suggest that modulating the gut microbiome during therapy could impact responses to therapy.
A new technology allows scientists to study the role of gut bacteria in health by taking samples anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract. The non-invasive tool, a drug-like capsule, can collect intestinal fluid containing bacteria and protect it for analysis.
Gut microbiome plays a crucial role in cancer growth, particularly in the colon where high levels of metabolites from antioxidant-rich foods accelerate bowel cancer. In contrast, small intestines have fewer bacteria and may convert cancer-driving proteins into super-suppressors.
A new study found that children with newly-diagnosed type 1 diabetes have a distinct gut microbiome composition associated with poorer blood sugar control. The researchers used machine learning analysis and genetic analysis to identify this link, highlighting the importance of gut health in disease development.
A new species of darkling beetle larvae discovered in East Asia can degrade polystyrene, a material notoriously difficult to decompose. The larvae's unique gut flora contains a simple group of bacterial species that oxidize and change the surface property of polystyrene.
A team of researchers identified that the intestinal flora (microbiota) of each host determines the maintenance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the gut. The study found that resistance has different interactions depending on the individual's microbiota, with some individuals showing a high ability to survive without antibiotics.
The study found that oat and rye bran fibres support beneficial gut microbiota growth, improving cholesterol metabolism, gut barrier function, and reducing liver inflammation. Diets enriched with either bran type attenuated weight gain associated with a high-fat diet.
A new study uses stool microbiomes to predict cirrhosis risk in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Researchers found a unique signature that distinguishes cirrhosis from other causes of the disease, potentially leading to an accurate, non-invasive diagnostic tool.
Researchers at UMass Amherst find TiO2 nanoparticles alter gut microbiota, causing inflammation and changes in liver protein expression. The study suggests long-term exposure to foodborne TiO2 NPs may have adverse health effects, particularly in obese mice.
A new study reveals that poor oral health can exacerbate gut inflammation in IBD patients, potentially leading to reduced quality of life and surgery. The research suggests that promoting oral health could improve clinical outcomes in IBD, making it a crucial aspect of total body health.
The study found that statin therapy was associated with a decrease in the prevalence of Bact2 enterotype, which is linked to inflammatory bowel disease and depression. The researchers suggest that statins may be used to alter the gut microbiota, leading to new treatment options for cardiovascular disease.
Researchers found that parasite infection was strongly associated with the overall composition of the microbiome, which could accurately predict a person's country and lifestyle. The study also discovered that the presence of four soil-transmitted gut parasites tended to co-occur at a higher rate than chance.
A recent study by the American Society of Agronomy found that reusing chicken litter can deter growth of pathogens like Salmonella. Researchers discovered 'good' bacteria in used poultry litter can hinder Salmonella growth, providing new information on the relationship between litter environment and microbiome.
Researchers identified a new gut-brain connection in ALS, finding that altering the gut microbiome can prevent or improve disease symptoms in mice with a common genetic mutation. The study suggests that the gut microbiome may influence disease severity and could be a target for therapy.
Researchers studied 45 female colobus monkeys in Ghana to understand the impact of social groupings and distance on their gut microbiomes. They found that individuals from different groups with closer social connections had more similar gut microbiomes, suggesting microbes can be transmitted during occasional encounters.
Research finds statin-treated individuals have lower prevalence of gut microbiota dysbiosis compared to non-treated obese individuals. The study suggests that statins may modulate harmful gut inflammation, potentially leading to a healthier microbiome.
Taking antibiotics with opioids may exacerbate addiction by altering brain responses to opioids, according to research on rats depleted of their gut microbiome. The study found that a weakened microbiome intensified opioid intoxication while reducing withdrawal effects.
Researchers at the Australian Centre for Digestive Diseases have successfully treated Crohn's disease in patients, achieving prolonged remission of 3-23 years. The treatment uses a combination of specific antibiotics and Faecal Microbiota Transfer (FMT) to repopulate the gut with healthy bacteria.
A study found that infants who started on solid foods at or before three months of age showed changes in gut bacteria and bacterial byproducts, which may predispose them to being overweight later in childhood. The researchers also found a delayed impact of early solid food introduction on short-chain fatty acid concentrations.
Researchers found that propionic acid reduced relapse rates and disability progression in MS patients, with initial MRI studies suggesting reduced brain atrophy. The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in immune regulation, and altering its composition may lead to innovative dietary measures to complement existing therapies.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have discovered a previously unknown response to indole in the beneficial gut bacteria E. coli, which seems to both repel and attract bacteria. The Janus response displays sophistication and could lead to a better understanding of the complexities of the gut microbiome.
A new research tool allows biologists to watch in real time the cell renewal process that keeps gut tissue healthy, as well as the interactions between bacterial species that make up the microbiome. Researchers discovered regional differences in microbiome stability that mimic the regionality of stem cell activity.
A mother's gut microbiota can influence her offspring's energy homeostasis and metabolism. Research using mouse models suggests that targeting the maternal microbiota could be a preemptive strategy to protect against metabolic diseases.
Researchers identified a unique collection of gut bacteria associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), predicting its presence with 83% accuracy. This discovery may lead to new therapies targeting the digestive system and improving PAH diagnosis.
Eating a Mediterranean diet for a year boosts beneficial gut bacteria, reduces inflammation, and may help curb frailty and cognitive decline in older people. The diet is associated with increased diversity of the microbiome, improved brain function, and reduced harmful inflammatory chemicals.
A study by Dr. Raylene Reimer found that low-calorie sweeteners increased body fat and disrupted gut microbiota in offspring, even when consumed during pregnancy or breastfeeding. The findings suggest a potential link between artificial sweeteners and obesity risk in early life.
A specific gut bacterium, segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB), was found to impair normal skeletal growth and maturation in post-pubertal mice. This is achieved through a Gut-Liver-Bone Axis, where SFB elevates immune responses leading to increased osteoclast activity and decreased osteoblast activity.
A study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found that people on high fiber diets are 40% more likely to experience bloating if they consume protein-rich diets. The researchers suggest that substituting high-quality carb calories for protein calories may reduce bloating and make these diets more tolerable.
Research published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that teens with obesity and PCOS have an altered gut microbiome compared to those without the condition. This altered microbiome is associated with higher testosterone levels, metabolic complications, and other health risks.
A special issue of Harvard Review of Psychiatry explores new treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD) by examining five key areas, including gender differences, neuroscience-based interventions, the role of the microbiome, opioid-based therapies, and technology in treatment. The research aims to develop more effective treatments ...
A new study finds that a high-fat, high-sugar diet alters the intestinal endocannabinoid system and changes the gut microbiome, with potential interactions between specific bacterial genera and eCB activity observed. These findings could help develop better nutritional strategies to prevent or treat metabolic complications.
Researchers found that Lactobacillus rhamnosus can restore a balanced intestinal microbiome and counter liver damage caused by chronic alcohol consumption. The probiotic effect of the bacteria reduced inflammation and fat accumulation in the liver, indicating potential therapeutic applications for alcohol-induced liver disease.
A recent study by the University of Helsinki found a significant link between increased use of antibiotics and an elevated risk of developing Parkinson's disease. The study suggests that excessive antibiotic use can disrupt the gut microbial ecosystem, leading to pathological changes in the intestine years before typical symptoms appear.
A study found that premature infants with abnormal gut microbiomes are more likely to experience stunted growth. Researchers tested stool samples weekly and discovered a significant association between dysbiosis and growth faltering, even after follow-up visits at ages 2 and 4.
Researchers studied African megafauna diet and gut microbiome, finding correlations between diet composition and microbiome composition. Seasonal changes in diet and microbiome were observed, with some species exhibiting little variability and others showing significant differences.
The Politecnico di Milano has established two new laboratories, MINERVA and ATHENA, to study the microbiota-gut-brain axis. These labs will develop organ-on-a-chip devices that model in vitro the organs involved in this complex interaction.
Scientists have identified a link between gut microbiota and brain cell communication, revealing altered gene expression in immune cells that disrupts learning processes. Restoring gut microbiota at birth rescues learning deficits, suggesting early-life signals play a crucial role.
Studies show intestinal bacterial imbalance linked to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's Disease and traumatic brain injury. Probiotics may improve brain function by altering the gut microbiome, reducing amyloid beta plaque and memory deficits.
A large-scale study found that vaginally born babies have different gut bacteria than those delivered by Caesarean. Researchers discovered that the mode of delivery impacted the gut microbiome, with vaginal delivery promoting mother's gut bacteria and Caesarean deliveries resulting in hospital-borne bacteria.
A 16-week vegan diet was shown to increase the abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Bacteoides fragilis, leading to significant reductions in body weight, fat mass, and visceral fat. Insulin sensitivity also improved in the vegan group.
A team of researchers investigated the link between pregnancy and lupus flares, finding that gut microbiota may regulate disease severity. The study suggests that modulating the gut microbiota community could lead to improved disease management for pregnant women with lupus.
A study found abnormal gut microbiota in veterans with PTSD and cirrhosis is tied to poorer cognitive performance. The research also identified beneficial bacteria like Ruminococcaceae as associated with better performance.
A study found that premature babies' gut microbiomes remain disrupted after antibiotic treatment, leading to an increased risk of disease and health problems later in life. The research suggests that minimizing antibiotic use in preemies may help prevent these issues.
Researchers discovered that providing native foods to captive rodents preserves their gut microbiome diversity, whereas artificial diets lead to significant changes. The study found that feeding woodrats with prickly pear cactus maintained around 90% of their original microbiome diversity.
Researchers found a modified Mediterranean-ketogenic diet altered gut microbiome and reduced Alzheimer's markers in participants with mild cognitive impairment. The study suggests that specific gut bacteria changes may impact dementia development.
A study found that bacteria in coronary plaques were pro-inflammatory, whereas gut bacteria were diverse and varied. Patients with acute coronary syndrome had different gut microbiota compared to those with stable angina. The research suggests a possible role for microbes in plaque destabilization and heart attack onset.
Researchers found that faecal inoculations changed the koalas' microbiomes, allowing them to eat messmate. This could affect all aspects of their ecology, including nutrition and habitat selection. The study provides a proof of concept for using encapsulated faecal material to introduce new microbes in koalas' guts.
Long-term survivors of pancreatic cancer have a diverse tumor microbiome, which boosts their immune attack on tumors. Fecal transplant treatments can alter the tumor microbiome, suggesting a potential therapeutic opportunity for improving pancreatic cancer treatment.
Researchers at University of Utah Health identified a specific class of gut bacteria called Clostridia that prevents mice from becoming obese. Giving these microbes back to mice with an impaired immune system allows them to stay slim, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for humans.
Researchers created a diet that can help restore digestive tracts damaged by acute childhood malnutrition, supporting growth and functioning. Protein-rich plant foods like chickpeas, bananas, and peanut flours were found to support microbial transition and increase protein biomarkers related to child development.
A new computational modeling method, MTV-LMM, predicts how the gut microbiome will change over time by analyzing snapshots of microbes found in a person's gut. This could lead to better diagnosis and treatment of diseases, as well as insights into other types of temporal microbiome processes.
Researchers found that gut microbiota influences morphine tolerance, with tolerant mice lacking Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillaeae. Probiotics restored these depleted communities, reducing morphine tolerance in mice pretreated with probiotics.
Critically ill children with reduced numbers of 'good' bacteria and decreased levels of beneficial chemicals have a higher risk of organ failure. Chemical analysis revealed dramatic depletion of certain bacterial compounds, including hippurate, formate, and 4-cresol sulphate.