Articles tagged with Dopamine
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A new study by Brookhaven National Laboratory researchers shows that Ritalin significantly increases dopamine levels in the brain, stimulating attention and motivational circuits. This increase in dopamine leads to improved focus and completion of tasks, making it an effective treatment for ADHD.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found a strong link between brain cell loss in Gulf War veterans and abnormal over-production of dopamine, a neurotransmitter chemical important in degenerative brain diseases. The study suggests that the brain damage may be having a real effect on these veterans' brain function.
A drug used to help people quit smoking may also reduce cocaine cravings in rats, with results showing a reduction of over 40% in self-administration. Mecamylamine blocks nicotinic receptors, which are involved in generating feelings of pleasure and can contribute to addiction.
Researchers at McGill University have identified a novel receptor combination that could lead to new treatments for various neurological disorders. The discovery involves the interaction between dopamine and somatostatin receptors, which can produce synergistic responses when activated simultaneously.
Aging affects dopamine levels, leading to decreased glucose metabolism and brain activity in regions related to cognition. This finding may help develop interventions for age-related cognitive decline.
A study funded by NIAAA found a common linkage between prenatal alcohol exposure and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), suggesting reduced dopamine neurons may contribute to hyperactivity. The research suggests both immediate and long-lasting effects on the brain's ability to focus.
Researchers found that alcohol sensitizes dopamine and serotonin neurons, leading to excitotoxicity and neuronal damage. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may protect against this excitotoxicity, suggesting a potential treatment for alcoholics undergoing withdrawal.
A 5-year clinical trial led by Thomas Jefferson University aims to investigate the effects of GM1 ganglioside on improving Parkinson's disease symptoms, delaying disease progression, and restoring damaged brain cells. The study will compare the drug to standard treatments, using advanced imaging techniques to visualize dopamine termina...
Dopamine receptor biology discovery may open new treatment avenues for conditions like schizophrenia and ADHD. The study shows a connection between dopamine, folate, and nerve cell membrane fluidity critical for normal cognition.
Researchers identified preferential transmission of alleles at the Dopamine transporter gene (DAT1), Dopamine-b-hydroxylase (DBH), and Dopamine D5 receptor (DRD5) in affected children. The findings suggest a possible genetic contribution to the disorder, with stronger transmission of associated alleles in familial cases.
A University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill study reveals that dopamine plays an early central role in pleasure but another chemical like serotonin is actually responsible for the sensation. Researchers believe this discovery could lead to better explanations for substance abuse and addiction, as well as new treatments.
Ritalin and other stimulants appear to restore balance between dopamine and serotonin, calming hyperactivity. The study suggests that targeting serotonin may be a more effective approach to treating Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) than previously thought.
A study using genetically engineered mice suggests that Ritalin calms humans with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by affecting serotonin levels, rather than dopamine. The findings provide a new understanding of the drug's mechanism of action and could lead to more effective treatments for ADHD.
A study has found that environmental stimuli can trigger neurochemical changes in the brain similar to those caused by cocaine use, leading to overwhelming cravings in recovering addicts. Dr. Leonard Howell's research suggests that a medication targeting the serotonin system may prevent such cravings.
A recent study published in Nature Neuroscience has identified a critical role for the D2 dopamine receptor in determining an individual's likelihood of developing alcoholism. Mice bred without this receptor showed reduced drinking behavior and aversion to alcohol, suggesting potential targets for treating addiction.
A new study suggests that blocking glutamate activity may prevent schizophrenia-like behavior in rats. Using an experimental compound, researchers found that doses of PCP no longer triggered behavioral abnormalities when glutamate levels were normalized.
Researchers at Penn develop groundbreaking new brain tracer Trodat to evaluate brain function in normal and disease states. The imaging agent, derived from tropane, follows the flow of dopamine in the brain and can be used as a diagnostic tool for imaging dopamine transporters.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University found that a naturally occurring substance in the cell membrane, GM1 ganglioside, improved symptoms in Parkinson's disease patients and slowed progression. The study showed significant differences in motor abilities between those who received the drug and those who did not.
A team of researchers used radiotracer chemicals to study the dopamine system in older adults, finding that dopamine receptors decrease with age. The findings have implications for understanding Parkinson's disease and cognitive decline, suggesting that enhancing dopamine activity could help slow down these effects.
Dystonia results from a deficiency in dopamine receptors, according to researchers at Washington University School of Medicine. A study found that dopamine levels were 97-98% lower on the treated side of the brain during dystonic symptoms.
A new study by Johns Hopkins Medicine found that intravenous doses of cocaine increase dopamine availability in the human brain, boosting activity two to three times over baseline levels. The discovery may advance efforts to understand and treat addiction by blocking euphoric effects of drugs.
Researchers at OHSU found that mice without the D4 dopamine receptor exhibit increased locomotor activity when exposed to these substances. The study suggests that the D4 receptor may play a role in modulating drug effects and could be a new target for treating drug abuse.
Researchers discovered novel genetic associations with ADHD, including a strong link between the dopamine transporter gene and symptoms. These findings may lead to improved diagnostic tools and targeted treatments for ADHD.
The new Parkinson's disease drug pramipexole dihydrochloride has been shown to reduce symptoms by 20% in patients, with a more precise target on the specific dopamine receptor involved. The drug also appears to be better tolerated than current options, offering hope for improved treatment outcomes.
A study of 129 individuals found an association between the DRD2 A1 allele and schizoid/avoidant behaviors, with severity increasing with frequency of the DRD2 A1 allele. The findings suggest a genetic link between dopamine system variations and personality traits.
A study of Finnish subjects failed to find an association between the Dopamine D4 Receptor (DRD4) gene and novelty-seeking personality traits. The researchers found that individuals with higher novelty-seeking scores had a lower frequency of the DRD4 gene, contradicting previous findings.
Scientists found that brains of patients with Lesch-Nyhan disease have fewer nerve endings containing dopamine, a chemical messenger controlling movement. This discovery is crucial in developing future treatments for the disorder.
Researchers created a mouse model by deleting the gene for dopamine transporter, leading to an overstimulation of brain signals. This study provides a new tool to understand addiction mechanisms and develop treatments for psychiatric disorders and Parkinson's disease.