Research on bone health and repair. Covers bone healing, mineral density, skeletal evolution, and radiopharmaceutical trials.
Researchers developed a bone-targeted nanoparticle that delivers chemotherapy directly to bone lesions, reducing tumor size and pain. The targeted nanoparticles showed a strong burst release of cabazitaxel and increased binding to bone compared to non-targeted nanoparticles.
A new study found that exposure to air pollution is associated with osteoporosis-related bone fractures, particularly in low-income communities. The researchers suggest that reducing air pollution could help prevent these fractures and improve bone health.
Researchers have discovered a method to identify Vitamin D deficiency through dental X-ray images. The study found that the shape of the pulp horn in a tooth can indicate prior deficiency, allowing for early detection and prevention of related bone health issues.
Bone infection can be debilitating and potentially fatal. Researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center are advancing new treatments for bone infections by understanding how bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus evade treatment and developing new antibiotics to target those mechanisms.
A new study reveals that a population of progenitor cells, marked by high expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9, provides osteoblasts during bone regeneration. These cells are derived from embryonic somites and reserved in niches of bone-forming tissues in adult animals.
A recent study discovered that a bone hormone called osteocalcin regulates appetite and energy expenditure. Researchers found that removing an enzyme responsible for activating osteocalcin reduced mice's appetite and increased blood glucose levels.
Studies found that female athletes in track and field experienced more bone stress injuries and tendon abnormalities than other Olympic events. Researchers recommend early MRI imaging for early detection of bone stress reactions and pre-competition screening data for chronic lesion detection.
A systematic review by the International Osteoporosis Foundation reveals low dietary calcium intake in many Asian and Latin American countries, with the lowest average intake found among China, India, and Indonesia. The study emphasizes the need for increased calcium consumption to promote bone health in these regions.
A new study shows that guppies in low-predation environments, where food is scarce, gestate their young for a longer period to ensure they are born more mature and better equipped to compete for food. This strategy allows them to capitalize on the limited resources available.
Researchers found that Rapamycin significantly reduces heterotopic ossification (HO) in rats, mimicking blast-related limb injury, and decreases progenitor cells and gene expression associated with abnormal bone formation. The treatment has potential as a prophylactic strategy to prevent HO in combat casualties and civilians.
A 120-million-year-old bird specimen from the Early Cretaceous exhibits high skeletal fusion in manus and pelvis bones, features rare in most known birds from that era. Osteohistological analysis indicates that the bird reached maturity in approximately one year, similar to modern birds.
Researchers are developing a 'lab-on-a-chip' platform to study cellular communication in bone remodeling, aiming to improve our understanding of bone health and disease. The platform could also be used to test medications meant to halt bone loss, offering a potential solution for osteoporosis and related conditions.
A new study found that high-intensity resistance and impact training for just 30 minutes, twice a week, improved bone density and structure in postmenopausal women with low bone mass. The exercise program was also associated with enhanced functional performance and reduced risk of osteoporotic fracture.
A new study analyzing medieval skeletons found that contracting leprosy increased a person's chances of dying, but social status and sex also played roles. The researchers created a model to explore morbidity and mortality through a unique data set, shedding light on the complexities of the disease in the past.
Researchers found significant differences in diet between those buried in dolmens and caves, suggesting possible socioeconomic differences. The study used stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes to analyze bone collagen and found a more diverse diet in cave burials.
A 35-million-year-old salamander fossil from France has yielded a unique glimpse into the life of an ancient creature. Researchers have successfully imaged the internal anatomy of the specimen using advanced x-ray imaging techniques, revealing that it fed on frogs - a rare food source for salamanders.
Researchers at the University of Birmingham have discovered a novel approach to tissue regeneration, utilizing extracellular vesicles to stimulate cell production and facilitate tissue repair. The study shows promise in treating bone fractures, osteoporosis, and cartilage damage, with potential applications for widespread use.
Researchers found that saber-toothed kittens were born with more robust bones compared to other felines, contrary to expectations. The study suggests that the growth of feline species is tightly constrained, even among species with distinct bone structures.
Researchers found that treating donor grafts with bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMC) before surgery improves bone integration and speeds recovery in biologic joint restoration surgeries. BMC pretreatment resulted in 43% bone integration at six weeks, compared to 25% of untreated grafts.
A new study published in the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research found that older adults with type 2 diabetes have deficits in cortical bone microarchitecture, increasing their risk of fractures. This is particularly concerning for hip fractures, which are a significant public health problem.
A recent study found that young people taking anti-epileptic drugs experience elevated rates of bone fractures and reduced bone mineral density. The study highlights the need to further investigate bone health issues in pediatric patients on these medications.
A new study found that individuals with type 2 diabetes may experience modest deficits in cortical bone, which can increase the risk of fractures. The research highlights the importance of addressing skeletal deficits in individuals with diabetes to reduce fracture risk.
A new treatment for osteoporosis has shown significant improvements in bone density and fracture protection. The study found that romosozumab reduced the risk of vertebral fractures by 48% and clinical fractures by 27%, offering better protection against fractures for high-risk patients.
Researchers discovered N-glycolyl groups in ancient fossils, suggesting a link between glycans and the evolutionary history of Homo genus in Africa. The study also found degradation of sialic acid led to selective incorporation into chondroitin sulfate in human tissues.
Researchers develop bone marrow models to study hematological and musculoskeletal disorders, focusing on regeneration and disease disturbance. The project aims to understand the relationship between blood and bone, leading to new regenerative therapies.
Researchers will investigate the role of Mustn1 in cartilage regeneration and skeletal repair using genetically altered mice. The study aims to elucidate a new protein family important for cartilage and bone biology.
Researchers used an improved dating technique to date Neanderthal remains from Vindija Cave in Croatia. The dates obtained were significantly older than previously reported, pushing back the timeline of Neanderthal presence in Central Europe. This challenges previous theories about the coexistence of Neanderthals and modern humans.
A massive genetic study has identified 153 new gene variants linked to osteoporosis, which could lead to the development of a new treatment. The study found that removing a strongly implicated gene GPC6 in animal models resulted in increased bone thickness.
Researchers found that osteocytes, tiny bone cells with delicate membranes, experience membrane tears in response to mechanical loading. This tear triggers an increase in calcium levels, leading to bone remodeling and strengthening. The discovery sheds light on how bones adapt to gravity and physical activity.
Researchers at the University of British Columbia have developed a new osteoporosis treatment using a compound derived from red sage, selectively blocking Cathepsin K enzyme activity in bone tissue. This approach may prevent negative side effects associated with current treatments.
Researchers discovered a causal link between senescent cells and age-related bone loss in mice. Targeting these cells increased bone mass and strength. The study's findings suggest that senolytic drugs may have widespread application in treating multiple chronic diseases, including osteoporosis.
A UBC Okanagan researcher has developed a new artificial bone design that can be customized and printed with a 3D printer. The designs strike a balance between porosity and strength, offering potential for more effective bone replacements.
Researchers discovered a blood marker that can predict the risk of bone fractures in postmenopausal women, independent of other measures. High levels of periostin protein fragments were found to be associated with an increased risk of fractures, suggesting they reflect additional bone properties.
A new chewing gum-based diagnostic test can detect inflammation in the oral cavity within five minutes, allowing for early diagnosis and treatment. The test uses bittering agents to identify inflammatory conditions, which can help prevent serious complications such as bone loss.
Researchers found intentional engraving on human bone from Gough's Cave, indicating a multi-stage cannibalistic ritual. The zig-zagging cuts hold symbolic connotations and represent an early example of cannibalistic funerary behavior.
Increases in bone marrow fat are associated with a decline in bone density after gastric bypass surgery, while improvements in blood sugar control are linked to reduced marrow fat levels. The study suggests that weight loss and blood sugar metabolism may influence bone health through changes in bone marrow fat.
A new study suggests a European stockfish trade existed for 1,000 years, with cod bones from Haithabu providing evidence of fish caught in northern Norway being consumed on mainland Europe. The findings support the idea that traded fish played a significant role in knitting the European continent together economically.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that both bisphosphonates and denosumab improve bone mineral density in men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy. Further trials are needed to confirm fracture reduction outcomes.
Scientists at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute propose a therapeutic strategy to suppress formation of bony tumors in multiple hereditary exostoses, a rare disease affecting 1 in 50,000 people. Researchers identify BMP signaling as the culprit and demonstrate success with an inhibitor compound.
Researchers analyzed human remains from 40 individuals at a 5000-year-old passage tomb complex, revealing evidence of dismemberment and cremation. The study suggests that the ancient Irish had a complex burial rite involving 'deconstruction' of the body to aid soul transition.
Researchers found that early exercise can alter the way bones metabolize energy from food, reducing inflammation-linked genes. This 'bone memory' effect persists into mid-life, setting up a healthier response to high-fat diets.
Researchers at Vetmeduni Vienna have identified bone lining cells as the primary target of oestrogen in regulating bone density and preventing pathological changes. The study found that oestrogen binding to these cells controls the expression of RANKL, a key factor in bone turnover.
A UTA professor has received a grant to design a biomedical device that stimulates bone growth and could be used to treat osteoporosis. The device aims to strengthen bones of people with low bone mass conditions.
A new study found that bone strength is an inherited measurement that can be used to identify genes important for skeletal health. High-resolution images allowed researchers to estimate bone strength, revealing a significant link between genetic determinants of bone mineral density and fracture risk.
A new study suggests bone strength is hereditary, with its genetic determinants similar to those affecting bone mineral density. This discovery has implications for understanding fracture risk and developing prevention strategies.
A study of over 2,500 women found that even brief bursts of high-intensity exercise, equivalent to a 1-2 minute run, can improve bone health. The research suggests that short periods of weight-bearing activity are more beneficial than longer continuous periods.
Researchers have identified a universal mechanism behind bone cell organization, revealing a quantitative framework to assess bone quality. The study shows that different bone types exhibit varying levels of connectivity but similar efficiency in intercellular transport and communication.
Researchers have identified a rare pterosaur pelvis in Alberta's Dinosaur Provincial Park, showing that these ancient reptiles were well adapted for walking on land. The study provides evidence that azhdarchids likely used their powerful hindlimbs to transport themselves on the ground.
A new study led by University of Pennsylvania researchers found a link between diabetes and changes in the oral microbiome, which increases pathogenicity and leads to inflammation and bone loss. The study showed that transferring the oral microbiome from diabetic mice to normal mice induced rapid bone loss.
Researchers at NYU College of Dentistry have identified succinate as a promising target to prevent bone fractures in people with type 2 diabetes. The study found that hyperglycemic mice had significantly higher levels of succinate, leading to more fragile bones and increased risk of fractures.
The late adolescent years are a critical period for bone growth, with 10% of bone mass continuing to accumulate after adult height is reached. A study found that bone mineral density develops at different rates in different parts of the skeleton, highlighting the importance of considering growth trajectories when interpreting data.
Researchers have demonstrated a new therapeutic approach that can re-build and strengthen bone, offering hope for individuals with the debilitating bone cancer, multiple myeloma. The treatment targets a protein called sclerostin, which halts bone formation, and found to double bone volume in some mice.
Researchers discovered that pain neurons produce CGRP, a neuropeptide that inhibits osteoclast and cytokine production, to suppress fungal inflammation. The study found that Jdp2 transcription factor is necessary for this immunosuppression and that pain neurons are more potent at producing CGRP in response to β-glucan than LPS.
Researchers have discovered that Pramel7 protein is responsible for maintaining embryonic stem cells' perfect pluripotency. This discovery holds promise for developing treatments for complex bone fractures.
A new study found that starting HIV treatment early is associated with accelerated bone loss of about 2-4%, which can increase the risk of fragility fractures. Despite this, the benefits of antiretroviral therapy in preventing HIV transmission and adverse health outcomes prevail.
A comprehensive review highlights the most effective treatment options for co-managing type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis. Researchers suggest using medications like Metformin and DPP-4 inhibitors to protect bone health. Meanwhile, insulin therapy is recommended for achieving glycemic control in patients with T2D and fractures.
The prevalence of daily supplemental vitamin D use above 1,000 IU increased from 0.3% in 1999-2000 to 18.2% in 2013-2014. Intake of 4,000 IU or more daily also rose, with 3.2% of participants using such supplements in 2013-2014. The trend was observed across most age groups, race/ethnicities, and sexes.
A new study reveals how mass wildebeest drownings impact the ecology of the Mara River. The research found that wildebeest carcasses provide a rich source of nutrients to the river's food web, supporting fish and scavenger populations. This subsidy delivers terrestrial nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon to the river.
Researchers found that dual-agent PET/MR with time of flight detects more bone metastases in breast and prostate cancer patients, improving detection accuracy and reducing radiation dose. The study used combined imaging agents <sup>18</sup> F-FDG and <sup>18</sup> F-NaF to enhance image quality.
Researchers found over 20,000 animal bones, stone tools, and portable art objects from 10 sedimentary layers spanning 28,000 to 50,000 years ago. This timeline provides evidence of modern human activity in Europe during a period of significant change in species behavior.