Articles tagged with Bones
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh developed a system to attract regulatory T-cells to inflamed gums, reducing inflammation and improving periodontal disease symptoms. The treatment showed promise in animal studies, offering a new therapeutic paradigm for treating gum disease.
New research published in PLOS ONE confirms the presence of tuberculosis from 7,000 years ago in a human skeleton from Hungary. Analysis of ancient DNA and lipids on the bones revealed a bacterial complex associated with tuberculosis.
Loyola researchers found that zoledronic acid's kidney failure and calcium deficiency risks are extremely rare. The study of 237 patients showed a slight decline in calcium levels after the first infusion, but this effect is transient and only significant for those with normal vitamin D levels.
Scientists have identified two types of rare bone tumors linked to specific mutations in the H3F3A and H3F3B genes. These mutations are found in nearly 100% of patients suffering from chondroblastoma and giant cell tumor of the bone, offering a new diagnostic tool and potential treatment.
Researchers at Princeton University have found that microRNAs can reduce the number of osteoclasts present in bones, inhibiting their forced labor. This could lead to effective treatment targets for tackling bone metastasis and help detect cancer's spread to the bone.
Research identifies NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) as a promoter of bone resorption and osteoclastogenesis. Genetic disruption or inhibition of NOX4 has been shown to protect against bone loss in mouse models.
Researchers developed a sound preconditioning protocol that protected mice from drug-induced hearing loss and increased expression of heat shock proteins in the inner ear. This finding suggests that sound therapy may protect hearing in patients requiring treatment with ototoxic drugs.
A study found that binge drinking slows bone healing by impairing the formation of hard bony tissue and recruiting stem cells to the injury site. Alcohol also increases oxidative stress, which can lead to weaker bones.
Researchers report two cases of early intraprosthetic dislocation with dual-mobility hip implants, suggesting a potential link to mixed-component designs. The study highlights the need for clinicians to carefully evaluate and monitor patients receiving these implants.
Researchers found that osteocalcin, a bone-derived hormone, plays a powerful role in prenatal brain development and cognitive functions such as learning, memory, anxiety, and depression. Osteocalcin promotes the birth of neurons, increases neurotransmitter synthesis, and affects behavior in adult mice.
A study published in Clinical Endocrinology found a strong association between the FTO gene and hip fracture risk in women. Women with the high-risk genotype had an increased risk of hip fracture of up to 16%, whereas those with low-risk genotypes had a lower risk of about 10%.
A recent study published in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that vitamin D supplements do not reduce bone turnover or protect bone health in postmenopausal women. In contrast, calcium supplements significantly reduced bone turnover and decreased the risk of osteoporosis.
A new nanotube surface could improve the success rate of dental implants by reducing infection and promoting bone growth. The technology, developed by Michigan Technological University researchers, uses titanium dioxide nanotubes to create a surface that can combat bacterial infections and promote healing.
Researchers at UC Davis have found evidence that Neandertals, not modern humans, made the first specialized bone tools in Europe. The discoveries were made by undergraduate student Naomi Martisius and her adviser Teresa E. Steele, who identified the tools as part of a decade-long excavation project.
Nanodiamonds have been found to promote bone growth and deliver proteins to treat osteonecrosis, a debilitating disease that causes bones to break down. The tiny diamonds can be administered non-invasively, potentially revolutionizing dental implant procedures.
Researchers found that certain genes, such as CXCL12 and IGF1, make breast cancer cells more likely to survive in bone tissue by mimicking the environment of their preferred organ. This discovery could lead to new drugs that prevent cancer spread to bone or other organs.
New research suggests that terror birds were likely herbivores, based on the analysis of calcium isotope composition in their fossilized bones. The study found that the terror bird's diet was similar to that of herbivorous mammals and dinosaurs, indicating a non-carnivorous diet.
A Penn study found that lamin-A, a protective protein in the nucleus, plays a key role in regulating stem cell differentiation and tissue stiffness. The research revealed a correlation between lamin-A levels and elasticity in various tissues.
Researchers have uncovered evidence of early Holocene hunter-gatherer settlements in the Bolivian Amazon, dating back approximately 10,400 years. The discovery of 'shell middens' reveals human presence in the region, with samples showing a mix of animal bones, freshwater snail shells, and pottery.
A new study highlights the economic benefits of knee replacement surgery, finding that patients can save nearly $40,000 in indirect costs, resulting in lifetime societal savings of $10,000-$30,000. The study estimates that total knee replacement surgeries will exceed 3 million by 2030 due to an aging population.
Researchers found that a gene related to vitamin D action, measured at birth, predicts bone density in children by four years of age. Vitamin D levels during pregnancy are also linked to the gene's activity.
Researchers at UTSA and SwRI are developing a synthetic drug-loaded scaffold for bone grafting, which could improve treatment outcomes for patients with large bone defects. The scaffold would be scalable and include drug-microparticles that release active growth factors to promote bone cell formation.
A study at the University of Eastern Finland found that abnormal bone properties in children with vertebral fractures and after solid organ transplantation can predict fracture risk. Bone histomorphometry revealed changes in bone composition that could explain increased fracture risk.
Researchers have identified prolactin as a potential treatment for inflammatory joint disease, reducing chondrocyte death and associated cartilage degradation. A protein called CTHRC1 has also been linked to bone health, suggesting it could be a target for osteoporosis treatment.
Researchers have identified a staph-killing compound and developed a new mouse model to test its effectiveness. The study may lead to new strategies for restoring bone balance, even if the infection is not fully eliminated.
Researchers identify CTHRC1 as a key molecule linking bone resorption and formation, suggesting potential treatment targets for osteoporosis. Mice with deficient CTHRC1 secretion exhibit lower bone mass, highlighting the molecule's role in age-related bone loss.
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed a new coating for medical implants that can boost bone cell growth by nearly 80%, potentially leading to faster healing of joint replacements and broken bones. The coating, made of tiny metal oxide wires, allows bone cells to cling more easily and form a stronger bond with the implant.
A team of researchers led by Dr. Miaozong Wu will investigate the effects of space travel on muscles and bones, identifying possible causes and developing potential treatments. The three-year project aims to address the significant health risks faced by astronauts and people experiencing muscle and bone loss due to various conditions.
Researchers in Granada have successfully generated bone tissue from umbilical cord stem cells using a novel biomaterial. The breakthrough could lead to the development of new treatments for bone and cartilage lesions, as well as the regeneration of bones in patients with osseous system pathologies.
A recent study found that vitamin D-deficient older individuals are more likely to struggle with everyday tasks and experience physical decline. The researchers suggest that vitamin D supplementation could help prevent these issues, but further studies are needed to confirm the findings.
Fructooliogosaccharides, found in chicory and other fruits/vegetables, provide prebiotic properties that stimulate gut microbiota production. They also enhance flavor, reduce sugar content and increase calcium absorption, supporting bone health.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab's Advanced Light Source found that vitamin D deficiency not only reduces bone mineralization but also induces premature aging of existing bone. This accelerates the risk of fractures in patients with vitamin D deficiency.
The Kessler Foundation received significant funding for research on spinal cord injuries, including studies on assisted walking with Ekso and the impact of aging on cardiovascular health. The grants will help advance therapies that improve function and quality of life for individuals with SCI.
University of Oklahoma Norman campus researchers received $135,000 OCAST grants for three-year health research projects. The recipients will study advanced treatments for bone defects, viral RNA structure to develop new drugs, and the control of mosquito-transmitted diseases.
A new study found that patients who understand their potential risk for another fracture are more likely to take action. Knowing bone health and osteoporosis is pivotal in preventing future fractures.
The discovery of flower beds in graves at Raqefet Cave reveals Natufian burial rituals dating back to 13,700 years ago. Researchers found impressions of Salvia plants and other species, indicating the use of colorful flowers in springtime burials.
Higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids from fish and flax are linked to lower risk of hip fractures in postmenopausal women, according to a recent study. The study found that higher omega-6 to omega-3 ratio increased the risk for hip fracture.
Researchers measured vitamin D levels in the US population and found they peak in August and trough in February. This seasonal variation may help explain the role of vitamin D in seasonal illnesses such as the flu.
A new compound has been identified that can kill staph bacteria causing bone infections. A mouse model has also been developed to test the compound and generate additional therapeutic strategies.
Researchers found that taking calcium before exercise results in less of a decrease in blood calcium levels and slightly lower parathyroid hormone levels compared to taking it after exercising. This could help maintain stable blood levels during exercise and potentially mitigate bone loss.
Researchers at MIT develop approach to print synthetic materials with fracture behavior similar to natural bone, using computer-optimized designs and 3-D printing. The new material exhibits a fracture resistance of up to 22 times larger than its strongest constituent material.
A clinical study found that insulin resistance is associated with weakened bones and a higher risk of bone fractures. The study, presented at The Endocrine Society's annual meeting, showed that bone strength decreased by 10-14% for every doubling of insulin resistance.
A new study presented at The Endocrine Society's Annual Meeting found that hormone treatment to halt puberty in transgender adolescents is effective and safe, relieving psychological suffering. After cross-sex hormone therapy, bone density caught up, similar to natural puberty, with no long-term harm detected.
A new study found that older patients who know they are at risk of fractures will make positive lifestyle changes, such as exercising and wearing proper shoes, to avoid them. Many participants were confused about the significance of bone density but engaged in daily behavioural strategies to manage their fracture risk.
Scientists at NYU Langone Health have discovered a population of self-renewing stem cells in the nail matrix that depend on Wnt signaling proteins to regenerate bone and tissue. This breakthrough holds promise for therapies to help people regenerate lost limbs, affecting an estimated 1.7 million Americans with amputations.
A new study found that the bacterium NI1060 causes gum disease by triggering a normally protective protein called Nod1 to destroy more bone, not just fight infection. This discovery could lead to personalized therapy for dental patients.
Researchers found reversal cells covering 80% of resorbed bone surfaces that gradually mature into osteoblasts during the reversal phase. Biopsies from postmenopausal patients with osteoporosis showed a high proportion of arrested cells, associated with bone loss.
A new therapy, magnetic resonance image-guided focused ultrasound (MRIgFU) ablation therapy, has significantly reduced pain in 67% of patients with bone cancer. The treatment uses heat to destroy tumors without invasive surgery.
A team of MSU researchers aims to boost astronaut motivation to exercise during long-duration space missions. They will test software featuring computer-generated workout partners to improve adherence and overall health outcomes.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered that blocking critical bone regulation protein halts OA progression in mice, suggesting a new therapeutic approach to joint replacement surgery. The theory proposes that initial harm to cartilage causes excessive bone growth, leading to disease exacerbation.
A team of scientists analyzed isotopes from the bones and teeth of the first New Zealanders, identifying their likely diet and childhood origins. The study suggests that the first group shared similar diets, while others had highly variable diets reflecting their geographical movements.
Synthetic silicate nanoplatelets induce stem cell differentiation into bone cells, providing a potential therapeutic tool for tissue repair and regeneration. The study's findings offer new insights into the use of bioactive materials in medicine and biotechnology.
A new study found that bone mineral density testing is not routine among men receiving androgen deprivation therapy, but those with primary care physicians are more likely to receive the test. This highlights the importance of primary care physicians in bone care for men with prostate cancer.
Researchers analyzed Hawaiian petrel bones to determine the impact of industrial fishing on open-ocean food webs. They found a shift in diet from large prey to smaller fish and squid within a century, indicating profound changes in the Pacific's ecosystem.
Researchers analyzed Hawaiian petrels' ancient and modern remains, finding a drastic shift in diet towards lower-level prey. This change coincides with the growth of industrialized fishing, prompting concerns for other species' fate.
Researchers have identified a gene mutation that causes a spectrum of disorders affecting the bones and connective tissue, including SEMD-JL1 and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. The study reveals that B3GALT6 is essential for the development and maintenance of these tissues.
The World Health Organization's FRAX tool has been updated to version 3.8, offering 58 country-specific models for 53 countries and 28 languages. This new release expands the tool's accessibility and functionality, enabling clinicians to make more informed decisions about fracture risk assessment.
Researchers at NYSCF's Research Institute created patient-specific bone substitutes from skin cells to repair large bone defects. The new method uses induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, which can become any body cell type, and overcomes previous limitations of bone formation.
A recent study published by the American Academy of Pediatrics found that magnesium intake and absorption are significantly associated with bone density in children. Unlike dietary calcium, which was not significantly linked to bone mineral content or density.
A University of Missouri expert analyzed the pelvis fragments of an early hominid fossil, revealing insights into the evolution of modern great apes. The study suggests that the ape's wider pelvis indicates greater lateral balance and stability, while its distinct finger bones indicate a different evolutionary path than initially thought.