Articles tagged with Bones
A phase II study found denosumab decreased giant cells and increased new bone formation in patients with giant-cell tumor of the bone, offering an alternative to radical surgery. The treatment reduced tumor burden by 90% or greater in all 20 patients, improving outcomes for young patients who previously required joint replacements.
A 6,500-year-old human jaw bone with a tooth showing traces of beeswax filling has been discovered, offering evidence of ancient dentistry in Europe. The beeswax was likely applied to reduce pain and sensitivity from a vertical crack in the tooth.
Scientists have developed a new tantalum nanotube coating that enhances the integration of joint implants with existing bone, promoting improved biocompatibility and reducing the risk of failure. The coating also encourages bone growth and makes the implant more elastic like natural bone.
Researchers found dramatic imbalances in bone apposition and reabsorption, reduced marrow fat, and increased platelet counts in sleep-deprived rats. These findings suggest potential medical implications for humans, including poor bone repair and increased risk of osteoporosis.
Researchers develop a non-invasive method to track Huntington's disease progression by detecting mutant huntingtin protein in immune cells. Additionally, CXCR1/2 inhibition improves pancreatic islet survival after transplantation, and the loss of thyroid stimulating hormone contributes to osteoporosis.
Researchers have uncovered historic letters written by Edward Drinker Cope to geologist Robert T. Hill, shedding new light on the Texas connection to the Bone Wars. A newly translated German ode to a fossil also provides insight into the era's intense fossil collecting frenzy.
Researchers at UofL School of Dentistry have discovered a way to prevent inflammation and bone loss surrounding teeth by blocking the natural signaling pathway of enzyme GSK3b. This finding has implications for preventing periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory condition causing tooth loss.
Researchers at Linköping University have discovered two 'pleiotropic' genes influencing comb size, bone growth and egg production in domestic chickens. The study reveals the genetic basis for the correlation between comb size and increased egg-laying.
A newly discovered neural pathway in the autonomic nervous system reaches bones and regulates bone density during adolescence, affecting fracture resistance throughout life. The finding could lead to new therapies for osteoporosis and neural disorders, such as depression and Alzheimer's disease.
A new study suggests that a dual-action polyclonal antibody may offer more effective protection against osteoporosis by slowing bone destruction and building bone. This novel approach has the potential to be safer than existing treatments.
A new study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism found that even minor physical activity can benefit bone health in premenopausal women by reducing sclerostin and enhancing IGF-1 levels. The study involved 1,235 premenopausal women who were followed for eight weeks, with those engaging in more than two hour...
A study by Baylor College of Medicine researchers has identified cytarabine as the most effective and least toxic chemotherapy treatment for adult Langerhans cell histiocytosis patients. The study, published in PLOS ONE, reviewed health records for 58 adults with the disease and compared the effectiveness of three chemotherapy treatments.
A two-year study found that consuming a Mediterranean diet with olive oil increased serum osteocalcin concentrations, suggesting a protective effect on bone. The study also showed no significant changes in serum calcium levels among participants taking olive oil.
Researchers found evidence of domestication at an ancient Mayan site in Guatemala, suggesting the Mexican turkey was introduced to the region around 300 B.C. The discovery has significant consequences for understanding Maya subsistence and animal exchange with other cultures.
Researchers reviewed clinical trials on calcium and vitamin D supplements for men with prostate cancer undergoing hormone therapy, finding that these supplements did not prevent bone loss. The study suggests that these supplements may actually increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and aggressive prostate cancer.
A genetic screening approach has identified nine new genes associated with bone health, providing clues to the cause of bone disorders such as osteoporosis. The study used a collaborative effort between specialist skills in mouse gene deletion and bone measurement, assessing the strength of bones in 100 mutant mouse lines.
Researchers have developed a new stem cell therapy that uses patient's own cells to regenerate craniofacial tissues, resulting in greater bone density and quicker bone repair. The treatment is best suited for large defects such as those resulting from trauma, diseases or birth defects.
A recent study has pushed back the estimated emergence of the Later Stone Age in South Africa to approximately 44,000 to 42,000 years ago. This finding suggests that early humans inhabited the region during this time period, coinciding with the migration of modern humans from Africa to Europe around 45,000 years ago.
A task force report calls for routine osteoporosis testing and medication treatment for all adults over 50 who experience a fracture, with the goal of reducing hip fractures by 20% by 2020. Fracture liaison services have been shown to significantly improve follow-up assessment and treatment, reducing repeat occurrences.
Researchers found that cigarette smoke produces large amounts of two proteins that stimulate the production of osteoclasts, cells responsible for breaking down old bone. This process weakens bones and increases the risk of fractures and disability among older people.
A team of scientists led by Robert Young is working on developing small molecule compounds and nano-medicines that stimulate bone regeneration, aiming to improve understanding of bone renewal biology and promote bone repair and regeneration. The grant is part of a $7 million funding package targeting bone health research.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center found that stress activates the sympathetic nervous system, which promotes breast cancer cell colonization of bone. Beta-blockers, such as propranolol, can prevent this process by inhibiting sympathetic nervous system signals.
A new study suggests that moderate drinking as part of a healthy lifestyle may benefit postmenopausal women's bone health by reducing the risk of osteoporosis. The researchers found an increase in blood markers of bone turnover after just two weeks of abstinence, but this effect reversed shortly after resumption of normal drinking habits.
Researchers found two key epigenetic regulating genes that govern cell-fate determination of human bone marrow stem cells. The discovery may allow stem cells to differentiate specifically into bone cells while inhibiting fat cell differentiation, paving the way for therapies in regenerative medicine and osteoporosis treatment.
Researchers from Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona successfully extracted the genetic material from two ancient newborns with congenital syphilis. This breakthrough study reveals that younger individuals are more likely to have preserved DNA, shedding light on the historical development of the disease and its geographic distribution.
Researchers at the University of Granada have found that ibuprofen has beneficial effects on bone repair following a fracture or surgery. The study shows that a therapeutic dose of ibuprofen does not inhibit osteoblast cell proliferation and synthesis, which is crucial for bone development and growth.
Tiny Osedax worms have a unique ability to penetrate bone using acid-secreting enzymes, partnering with bacteria for digestion. Researchers discovered this chemical drilling strategy in female worms, which live in gelatinous tubes surrounded by males.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation provides guidance on screening strategies for osteoporosis in young adults, emphasizing the need for caution in diagnosis and treatment. The review highlights the importance of distinguishing between low bone mass and skeletal fragility in this age group.
Researchers discovered that NOG enables breast cancer cells to invade bone and establish tumors by increasing osteoclast activity and keeping cells in a stem-cell-like state. This gene plays a key role in the complex process of metastasis, increasing breast cancer's potential for spreading to the bone environment.
Researchers at UCLA discovered that purified human perivascular stem cells can form bone faster and with higher quality than traditional methods, potentially eliminating the need for invasive bone grafts. The study uses a fresh cell composition called stromal vascular fraction to isolate and purify the stem cells.
A new line of radioisotope therapy, Radium-223 chloride, has been shown to extend the lives of prostate cancer patients with advanced tumors that have spread to bone. The treatment has a short range of penetration and is usually well-tolerated, with serious side effects being rare.
A new study reveals that a combination of molecular imaging, radiography, and dual imaging probes detects more cancerous bone lesions than other methods. The addition of molecular imaging with combined radiopharmaceuticals to conventional CT improves the power of imaging for cancer diagnosis.
A new study analyzing 27 complete human limb bones found in Atapuerca (Burgos, Spain) has estimated the height of various species of the Pleistocene era. The reconstruction suggests that Homo heidelbergensis, like Neanderthals, were similar in height to the current population of the Mediterranean.
Researchers at UAB discovered newborn twin girls' remains in Olèrdola archaeological site, providing first documented case of prehistoric twins. The discovery offers insights into child burial practices and socio-cultural relationships during the Iberian Age.
Researchers emphasize the need for standard bone age measurement to interpret growth status and improve treatment outcomes for children with Crohn's disease. Up to 80% of patients exhibit compromised growth, and bone age is crucial for predicting remaining growth potential and guiding therapeutic decisions.
Research published in the journal Heart found that calcium supplements may increase the risk of heart attacks, while boosting dietary calcium intake has no significant heart health benefits. The study of nearly 24,000 participants suggests that high levels of calcium supplements may be harmful due to their impact on blood calcium levels.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Periodontology concludes that a two-step tooth implantation method is more effective than a one-step process. The research found that implants placed using the two-step procedure show less wear and tear over time, with greater bone stability.
Researchers discovered a novel mechanism regulating breast cancer bone metastases and found that heparin-like compounds can inhibit bone destruction and tumor growth in bone. A promising heparin-like compound has reduced anticoagulant activity, improving its applicability as a potential cancer therapeutic agent.
Researchers at Brown University have discovered that the stiffness, viscosity, and other mechanical properties of adult stem cells can foretell what they will become, enabling a filter to extract needed cells from larger tissue samples. This breakthrough could lead to better healing outcomes in tissue engineering.
Researchers used rare earth element analysis to determine that human remains found at Vero Beach dated back to the late Pleistocene epoch around 13,000 years ago. This discovery sheds light on the lives of early North Americans, who likely co-existed with extinct giant mammals like mammoths and mastodons.
A new study shows cone beam CT is better than multidetector CT for visualizing superior semicircular canal dehiscence and normal temporal bone anatomy, with improved image quality at half the radiation dose. The study found a significant reduction in false positives and improvements in pathology detection.
Researchers created fully biodegradable silk scaffolds with high-compressive strength, mimicking native bone features. The composite materials enhanced human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and improved bone remodeling.
Researchers have discovered evidence of humans consuming elephant meat and bone marrow in the Middle Palaeolithic site of Preresa, Madrid. The findings, published in the Journal of Archaeological Science, suggest that the practice was not as common as previously thought due to the difficulty of extracting marrow from bones.
Researchers at the University of Delaware have identified a protein called endoglin that regulates the creation of fat cells. By decreasing the amount of this protein on the surface of cells, it may be possible to force fat cells to transform into other cell types, potentially leading to new treatments for osteoporosis and obesity.
Researchers found vitamin D can promote bone density loss while maintaining normal serum calcium levels. The study suggests vitamin D supplements may not be effective in preventing fractures in elderly patients, and high doses could even increase fracture risk.
Researchers found vitamin D can stimulate bone cells to remove calcium from bones, potentially leading to density loss and increased fracture risk. This discovery may explain conflicting results of clinical trials examining the effects of vitamin D supplements on preventing fractures in elderly patients.
A Tulane research team found that applying high levels of oxygen to a severed bone facilitates bone regrowth, particularly when applied at the right time. This discovery may one day benefit injured soldiers, diabetics, and other accident victims with partial limb regeneration.
Fiber intake among the global population is extremely low, posing serious long-term public health implications. New research supports the role of soluble corn fiber in enhancing calcium absorption in adolescents, promoting gut fermentation, and improving digestion, while also addressing challenges related to bloating and tolerance.
Researchers investigated non-emergent musculoskeletal injuries in soldiers returning from combat, finding that nearly 19% required orthopaedic consultations. Another study estimated the incidence of symptomatic venous thromboembolism after elective knee arthroscopy, revealing a relatively low risk for complications.
Researchers investigate gum disease in young and old mice and find a drop in Del-1 levels is associated with increased gum disease. Understanding the effects of Del-1 on the immune system could lead to new treatments or prevention strategies for gum disease.
Researchers found bands of fast and slow growth in Edmontosaurus fossils, indicating periodic seasonal stresses. The study suggests these dinosaurs adapted to Arctic conditions by living year-round, rather than migrating to warmer regions.
Researchers studying human origins face uncertainty due to lack of agreement on interpreting marks on fossil bones. Creating standards for analyzing Pliocene bones is crucial to determine when early hominids began using tools, a fundamental step in human evolution.
A Canadian Journal of Surgery study reveals that only 13 out of 14,000 cancer patients with bone metastases receive orthopedic care annually. This under-referral may contribute to poor outcomes and high mortality rates, emphasizing the need for timely surgical consultations.
Researchers at Brown University have discovered a new signaling molecule, Gbb38, that plays a crucial role in tissue formation in flies. The study suggests possible links to human developmental disorders, such as cleft lip and palate, and may lead to improved therapeutics for bone repair and reconstruction.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) and the European Calcified Tissue Society (ECTS) have published a guidance document outlining management strategies to prevent bone loss and related fractures in high-risk patients. The guidelines provide a framework for developing national assessment and treatment guidelines, emphasizing...
Long-term oral glucocorticoid therapy is associated with a significant risk of bone loss and fractures, particularly in older adults and those with higher doses. To mitigate this risk, patients should take preventive measures such as maintaining adequate calcium and protein intake, exercising regularly, and getting enough vitamin D.
The grant will support research on the relationships between body composition, muscle and bone strength. Dr Edwards' project aims to clarify uncertainties with regard to these relationships and assess their impact on fracture risk.
Scientists analyze bones from 80 sailors buried in Royal Naval Hospitals to reveal their diet was mainly salt beef, sea biscuits, and beer; a 'naval average' diet was consistent across theaters
A phase III clinical trial found that the combination of everolimus and exemestane improved bone strength and reduced the chance of cancer spreading in the bone. The treatment also showed a lower rate of further tumour growth and more difficult metastases to occur.
René Rizzoli receives the award for his major scientific contributions to osteoporosis research and advocacy. He is recognized for both his clinical achievements and long-term impact as an educator and advocate in the field.