Articles tagged with Bones
Research reveals age-related degradation of bone's intrinsic and extrinsic toughness. Biological aging increases collagen cross-linking, osteonal density, and micro cracking, compromising fracture resistance.
Researchers develop salubrinal to treat weakened and broken bones by strengthening protein-producing machinery. Studies show accelerated healing in as little as a week, with potential for FDA approval.
Researchers found that curcumin can suppress inflammation in tendon diseases, potentially reducing reliance on NSAIDs. This natural compound could be used to treat tendinitis and other inflammatory conditions.
A Wayne State researcher has discovered an antibiotic that can prevent and treat aseptic loosening, a condition where surrounding bones disintegrate after prosthetic joint surgery. The antibiotic, erythromycin, can be administered directly at the site of bone breakdown, reducing side effects associated with long-term oral use.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University discovered that the shape of jaw bones in human populations is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. The study used archaeological jaw bones from two different regions to determine how much of the mandible's shape is plastic, a response to diet, and how much is genetic.
Researchers at Montana State University have discovered that dog-sized dinosaurs that lived in the Antarctic Circle had bone tissue very similar to those living elsewhere on the planet. This finding may help explain how dinosaurs were able to dominate the Earth for 160 million years.
The FRAX tool has been validated in 11 independent cohorts covering over 1 million patient years, providing empirical evidence to guide intervention. However, clinicians should be aware of the tool's limitations, including exclusion of certain risk factors and failure to account for variations in fracture rates within countries.
A new Harvard study analyzing hundreds of bone samples found no correlation between fluoride levels in bone and osteosarcoma. The results support the long-standing evidence that fluoride is safe and effective at preventing cavities, according to ADA President Raymond Gist.
A recent study published in the Journal of Dental Research investigated the link between bone fluoride levels and osteosarcoma risk. The research found no significant association between the two, contradicting previous controversies over fluoride's potential role in increasing osteosarcoma risk.
Researchers from Northwestern University have discovered a brain chemical, Substance P, that causes abnormal bone growth in injured muscles. This discovery offers a potential molecular target for preventing and treating heterotopic ossification.
Researchers discovered that moles' extra 'thumb' develops from a single bone that forms later than the real fingers. This adaptation allows for increased digging efficiency.
People with multiple sclerosis are at risk of poor bone health in the early stages of the disease, with 51% experiencing osteoporosis or osteopenia. Low vitamin D levels can lead to reduced calcium absorption and bone mineralization.
A study will test a novel therapy to increase bone mass in mice flown in space, which may also provide insights into preventing skeletal fragility among patients on earth. The therapy aims to counteract the effects of microgravity on bones.
Researchers on the final space shuttle mission are conducting an experiment to prevent bone loss in astronauts. The study uses mice as a model, exposing them to microgravity and testing a novel agent that blocks sclerostin, a protein involved in bone formation.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute developed a new process for analyzing bone tissue, providing insights into the fight against osteoporosis and aiding forensic studies. The technique uses laser-capture microscopy to determine protein signatures in nanoscale bone samples.
Research funded by USDA suggests that blueberry polyphenols, found in blueberries' powerful antioxidant compounds, may aid in building strong bones. The investigation showed that animals fed rations containing 10% freeze-dried blueberry powder had significantly more bone mass than their counterparts.
Researchers from the Smithsonian Institution and the University of Florida have discovered a bone fragment with an incised image of a proboscidean, dated to around 13,000 years old. The engraving is significant as it provides evidence that people in the Americas during the last Ice Age created artistic images of animals they hunted.
Dental implant technology could be improved by studying the surface structure at both micro and nano levels. Researchers found that increasing the active surface area and changing conductivity can speed up healing, reducing discomfort for patients.
Aging stem cells struggle to produce strong bones due to malnutrition and inadequate signals. Researchers explore the role of amino acids and satiety hormone leptin in rejuvenating these cells.
A multi-site study has shown that the new drug Cabozantinib is effective in treating prostate cancer that has spread to the bone, with three-quarters of patients experiencing partial or complete tumor shrinkage. Additionally, patients showed significant improvements in bone pain and reduced need for narcotic use.
A study of 191 diabetic patients found that dual isotope SPECT/CT accurately diagnosed osteomyelitis and soft tissue infections, leading to conservative treatment planning and limb salvage in 72% of cases. This imaging method has the potential to reduce unnecessary amputations and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers at Yale University found that skin wrinkles and quality can reflect bone mineral density in early menopausal women. The severity of wrinkles was related to lower bone density, while higher skin rigidity was associated with better bone health.
Researchers found that women with low bone density are seven times more likely to benefit from bisphosphonate drugs when their vitamin D levels are above the recommended threshold. Maintaining adequate vitamin D levels is crucial for optimizing osteoporosis treatment, particularly in postmenopausal women.
Research shows bariatric surgery significantly increases fracture risk, with patients experiencing a 2.3-fold higher chance of bone fractures compared to the general population. Patients who underwent gastric bypass surgery had an increased risk of fractures at nearly all skeletal sites, including feet and hands.
Women with early-stage hormone receptor-sensitive breast cancer who received zoledronic acid alongside standard hormone therapy had a significantly lower risk of cancer returning (32%) compared to those on hormone therapy alone. The treatment's anticancer benefit persisted even after stopping treatment for over two years.
A University of Oklahoma graduate student is testing materials to address fluorosis, a widespread health issue in the Rift Valley. The goal is to develop effective and sustainable solutions that meet the World Health Organization standard.
A University of Illinois study suggests that increasing dietary calcium and vitamin D or taking supplements can significantly increase bone mineral density and reduce hip fracture risk. The researchers recommend a 'portfolio diet' with adequate protein, less sodium, and more magnesium and potassium for optimal bone health.
Researchers use synchrotron radiation to detect amino acids in ancient bone tissue, confirming the presence of primary biomolecules. The study expands our understanding of protein preservation in fossils, challenging previous assumptions about the limited availability of soft tissues and endogenous biomolecules.
Psychologist E. Scott Geller advocates for a culture of safety that empowers workers to report hazards and encourages positive reinforcement over threats. He argues that root causes are complex and multi-factorial, and that listening to workers can lead to safer workplaces.
A new polymer-based system for imaging inflammation associated with wear debris shows promise in detecting early stages of bone loss in joint replacement implants. The system can also tether anti-inflammatory drugs to prevent further damage.
Researchers discovered Osedax living on tuna and wahoo bones, contradicting earlier assumptions. The study confirms Osedax as generalists that exploit various vertebrate bones, shedding light on their evolution.
Researchers found periodontal ligament stem cells to be the most efficacious in treating advanced gum disease, outperforming other dental stem cell types. The study suggests PDLSCs may offer a new treatment option for periodontitis, a common cause of tooth loss worldwide.
A study found that green tea and tai chi can enhance bone strength and reduce inflammation in postmenopausal women. The combination of moderate green tea consumption and tai chi practice showed significant benefits in bone markers, muscle strength, and quality of life.
A study of 6,831 adolescent girls found that participating in high-impact sports like basketball, running, and gymnastics/cheerleading increases the risk of developing stress fractures. Family history of osteoporosis and low bone mass density also plays a significant role.
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center have found that a synthetic form of leptin can restore fertility and reduce the risk of bone fractures in lean women with hypothalamic amenorrhea. The study shows significant improvements in hormone levels, menstrual cycles, and bone density after treatment with metreleptin.
Researchers from the University of York and Manchester have extracted protein from a 600,000 year old mammoth fossil, providing a near complete collagen sequence. This breakthrough enables the identification of ancient fossils and opens up new possibilities for studying extinct animals.
Researchers grew mesenchymal stem cells as tiny spheres to form a variety of cell types, expanding their potential for regenerative medicine. The 3D technique recreates the microscopic environment found in human bodies, allowing MSCs to specialize more rapidly and completely.
The study reveals species shifts over the past century, with some populations significantly diminished or expanded. Elk were more abundant in the 1990s than today, while horses from the late 1800s are common in the skeletal record.
Researchers found wolves rely on cattle for up to 45% of their summer diet in southwestern Alberta, shifting from wild prey in non-grazing seasons. Cattle make up a significant portion of wolf packs' scavenged feeding events, often located near bone yards and grazing areas.
A study by Joshua H. Miller analyzed the bones of Yellowstone's wildlife to understand population changes over time. The research found that native species populations have remained relatively stable, while others have expanded or contracted significantly.
Scientists have developed a process to turn meat and bone meal, once destined for landfills due to a government ban, into partially biodegradable plastic. The new material is durable and requires no raw materials from oil or natural gas.
The ESCEO Young Investigators Awards were presented to Dr. Nick Harvey and Dr. Michaël Hiligsmann for their outstanding contributions to bone and mineral research. Their awards, valued at €2,500, recognize excellence in bone mineral research and are supported by a grant from MSD.
The Philippine Foundation was awarded a grant to establish an innovative bone health awareness program, promoting healthy nutrition and lifestyle habits to prevent osteoporosis. The program aims to raise awareness and make a real difference in communities, with a focus on education and community engagement.
New research suggests that ancient trash mounds, or middens, left behind by prehistoric humans may be responsible for the formation of tree islands in the Florida Everglades. These elevated areas allowed trees to grow and provided a habitat for wildlife. Human disturbance is now threatening the existence of these unique ecosystems.
The IOF-AMGEN/GSK Health Professionals Awareness Grants aim to improve knowledge of osteoporosis among clinicians and allied health professionals. The three grants support innovative projects by IOF member societies that focus on improving knowledge and diagnosis of osteoporosis.
Researchers found that Frizzled-9 upregulates during osteoblast differentiation and is essential for bone mineralization. Mice lacking Fzd9 have fragile bones due to low rates of bone formation, highlighting its potential as a drug target for treating osteoporosis.
A recent study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases found that HIV-infected patients have a higher risk of bone fractures compared to the general US population. The study analyzed data from over 5,800 HIV-infected patients and observed annual fracture rates 1.98-3.69 times greater than the general population.
Researchers found that postmenopausal women on bisphosphonate therapies for osteoporosis had abnormal dental plaque levels, which could endanger the jawbone. The study recommends more frequent dental checkups, including deep periodontal cleanings, to control dental plaque and prevent bone loss.
Professor Gerard Karsenty is awarded the first Herbert A. Fleisch ESCEO-IOF Medal for his pioneering work in understanding skeletal development and physiology. The medal recognizes his outstanding achievements in basic bone science, including identifying Runx2 as a master gene of osteoblast differentiation.
Scientists have identified NOTCH2 as the causative gene for Hajdu-Cheney syndrome, a rare disorder characterized by progressive bone loss and osteoporosis. The study provides vital insight into possible causes of osteoporosis and highlights the gene as a potential target for treating the condition.
Researchers have found a bone-creating protein that can improve dental implant success when used to augment the maxillary sinus. The protein, BMP, induces superior bone quality and improves chances for successful implants compared to conventional bone grafting.
A study of 143 overweight adolescents found those with risk factors like insulin resistance and low HDL cholesterol have less bone mass than their peers. The study suggests that increasing vigorous physical activity can help improve bone mass and reduce the risk of diabetes and heart disease.
The iPrEx study found daily oral Truvada effective in preventing HIV infection in gay and bisexual men and transgender women. Researchers also discovered small but significant decreases in bone mineral density among those taking Truvada compared to a placebo.
A phase 3 study shows that denosumab delays and prevents bone events in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer, improving outcomes compared to zoledronic acid. Denosumab reduces the risk of bone fractures and other complications by inhibiting osteoclast activity.
Scientists discovered an 11,500-year-old Paleoindian house in central Alaska with a cremated child skeleton. The findings provide a unique glimpse into the domestic life of the region's early people, including women and children. The child was around three years old and died before being cremated in a pit within the house.
Researchers found that osteocalcin enhances testosterone production, leading to improved sperm count and reproductive success in male mice. The study suggests that low osteocalcin levels may contribute to male infertility in humans.
Researchers found that osteocalcin produced in bone enhances testosterone production in testes, supporting sperm survival. This discovery links the skeleton to male fertility and may provide insights into unexplained infertility cases.
A team of BGU researchers has created a unique calcium supplement form that provides higher biological absorption and retention rates. The supplement, derived from unstable calcium carbonate, showed significant benefits in laboratory animals, with improved blood and bone absorption rates.
Researchers view the knee as a complex organ to develop more effective treatments for osteoarthritis. The exhibit explores degenerative knee arthritis as a failure of multiple tissue systems.
Two large studies on osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) published in the IADR/AADR Journal of Dental Research investigate risk factors and prevalence. The studies found that bisphosphonate use is strongly associated with ONJ, and patients with oral bisphosphonates are 15.5 times more likely to have ONJ.