Articles tagged with Bones
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A significant decline in US vitamin D levels has been reported, with serious consequences including increased cancer and heart disease risks. The study suggests that higher doses of vitamin D supplementation may be necessary to address this growing epidemic.
The study suggests that humans were experimenting with agriculture by cultivating local grains, rather than adopting from southern rice-farming areas. The findings provide insight into the origins of agriculture in northern China.
Professor Jean-Yves Reginster, a renowned researcher and former IOF General Secretary, has been honored with the Pierre Delmas Award. He is being recognized for his significant contributions to the advancement of osteoporosis research.
Dr. Roger Zebazé's project will investigate the structural causes of childhood fractures, aiming to understand bone fragility and devise preventative measures. The IOF-Servier Young Investigator Research Grant provides €40,000 support for innovative osteoporosis research.
Professor Ego Seeman received the IOF Medal of Achievement for his outstanding scientific contributions to osteoporosis research. The award recognizes individuals who have significantly advanced the field of osteoporosis through their original and outstanding work.
A recent study at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine reveals that immature cells in blood vessels deep within skeletal muscle orchestrate aberrant bone formation. Cells from the inflammatory response to injury trigger skeleton-stimulating proteins to transform muscle tissue into bone.
Researchers developed a cell-permeable inhibitor of the mouse protein RANK, which blocks osteoclast formation and function, preventing bone destruction. The compound protected against bone loss in two mouse models, suggesting similar drugs may be beneficial for individuals with diseases involving bone destruction.
Studies reveal that PICK1 protein plays a crucial role in acrosome formation, and its deficiency leads to low sperm count and abnormal sperm movement in male mice. This discovery may shed new light on the human disorder of globozoospermia, which affects male fertility.
A new therapeutic target has been identified for osteosarcoma, a type of bone cancer that affects about 30% of patients despite existing treatments. The protein interleukin-11 receptor alpha (IL-11Ra) is highly expressed in primary osteosarcoma and lung metastases from these tumors.
Researchers have confirmed the identities of the two missing Romanov children murdered in 1918 using DNA analysis. The study used mitochondrial and nuclear DNA to link the remains to Empress Alexandra and Crown Prince Alexei, resolving a 90-year-old mystery. Genetic connections were established through maternal and paternal lineages.
The new ultrasound technology, SCAN, uses non-invasive imaging to assess bone quality and predict fracture risk. It also assists in healing fractures by stimulating bone regeneration, making it a cost-effective and accessible tool for healthcare providers.
A new surgical procedure called OCRPRC (OsteoChondral Resurfacing in Proximal Row Carpectomy) offers a promising alternative to traditional treatments for wrist arthritis. By reducing inflammation and improving cartilage status, the procedure aims to restore wrist function and alleviate pain.
A multi-centre study found that osteoblast cell injections accelerated fracture healing, with increased bone growth and no significant patient complications. The treatment is considered a safe and effective alternative to traditional methods, allowing for faster recovery without surgery.
A new study reveals that the chemical mediator sphingosine-1-phosphate plays a crucial role in maintaining bone balance. Researchers found that mice with functional S1P receptors had denser bones than those without, suggesting a potential target for treating bone-resorptive disorders.
A study published in PNAS found that the facial structure of an ancient human relative was adapted for cracking open hard nuts and seeds. The team used finite element analysis and comparative methods to challenge the long-standing hypothesis about Australopithecus africanus' diet.
Researchers at Rush University Medical Center found that a cementless metal cup design remained fixed in place in 95% of hip revision cases after 20 years. The device's bone-in-growth surface allows for long-term stability and durability, reducing the need for repeat surgeries.
A new study suggests that a twist on old medical technology could save limbs by treating infections in soldiers with compound bone fractures. Colistin-laced bone cement may prevent the spread of deadly A. baumannii infections, which are widespread among US troops in Afghanistan.
Researchers discovered that aging causes a dramatic drop in COX-2 enzyme levels, leading to reduced stem cell differentiation into cartilage and decreased bone formation. The study found that manipulating the COX-2 pathway with experimental drugs can rescue healing ability lost with age.
A Texas state dinosaur is facing a name change after research revealed it was misidentified as Pleurocoelus. The new species, Paluxysaurus jonesi, was discovered by Southern Methodist University scientist Peter Rose, who studied sauropod bones in central Texas.
Ancient flying reptiles employed all four limbs for take-off, defying conventional wisdom. The study reveals that pterosaurs had stronger front limbs than legs, allowing them to generate massive power without sacrificing size. This discovery sheds new light on the biology and evolution of these fascinating creatures.
A Montana State University study found that males from three types of dinosaurs were sole care givers for their mate's eggs, possibly having multiple mates. The researchers examined fossil evidence and compared clutch sizes to adult sizes in the dinosaurs and their closest living relatives, birds and crocodiles.
A study by researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center found that nearly three-quarters of youths with type 1 diabetes have insufficient levels of vitamin D, which may lead to bone fragility and increased fracture risk. The study recommends vitamin D supplementation to children with diabetes, especially those with inadequate sun exposure and...
A new study found that increasing alkali content in the diet through fruits and vegetables can counteract acid-induced bone loss. The study discovered bicarbonate has a favorable effect on bone resorption and calcium excretion.
A new methodology developed by Pedro Álvarez Lloret found that exposure to organochlorate pollutants and lead causes bone weakening and fracture in wild birds. The study also reveals that polychloro-biphenyl (PCB) increases bone maturity, making them more fragile.
Researchers at Columbia University discovered that gut serotonin plays a crucial role in bone formation, challenging the long-held belief that the skeleton controls bone growth. The study found that inhibiting serotonin release can increase bone mass and potentially treat osteoporosis.
A study found that 78% of breast cancer patients had at least one other cause of bone loss besides cancer drugs. Vitamin D deficiency was the most common factor, affecting 38% of breast cancer patients compared to 51% of non-cancer patients.
A new study using high-resolution CT scans found that adolescents with mild anorexia exhibit abnormal bone structure, even before significant bone mineral density decreases. The researchers suggest that traditional methods like DXA may not accurately reflect true bone health in these patients.
A new cross-Canada study found that breast and prostate cancer treatment can cause significant bone loss, affecting up to 46,000 people each year. The researchers discovered that medications called bisphosphonates can help combat osteoporosis and fractures in cancer patients.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation backs the National Osteoporosis Society in criticizing NICE guidance on osteoporosis prevention and treatment. Key concerns include women's access to effective treatments, exclusion of high-risk men, and lack of incorporation of the WHO-supported Fracture Risk Assessment Tool.
A study at the University of Alabama at Birmingham has identified a crucial co-receptor in parathyroid hormone signaling that selectively stimulates bone formation. This finding could lead to new osteoporosis drugs and better bone-building therapies by targeting specific cell receptors responsible for calcium uptake from the blood.
The discovery of ancient DNA in 9,000-year-old bones found off the coast of Israel reveals that human tuberculosis is 3,000 years older than previously thought. The study confirms that the human strain of TB evolved before bovine TB and sheds light on its evolution over time.
A study published in JAMA found that using 5-α reductase inhibitors for treating an enlarged prostate does not increase the risk of hip fractures. The research included over 7,000 men who experienced a hip fracture and found no dose-response relationship between medication use and bone health.
A new NASA-funded study from the University of Houston department of health and human performance is examining the ability of sweat patches to detect levels of chemicals that may indicate bone loss. The study aims to develop a micro-fabricated sweat patch that can perform biomarker analysis and provide immediate read-out results.
The discovery of Albertonykus borealis reveals a new species of tiny dinosaur found in Alberta, Canada. This bird-like creature had long and slender legs, stumpy arms, and powerful forelimbs used to tear into logs for termites.
In a six-month study, young adults who followed low-calorie diets with nutritionally sound results experienced weight loss without significant bone loss. However, markers of bone resorption were increased across all groups, while those for formation were decreased in the calorie restriction group.
Researchers used a computer simulator to teach surgeons-in-training how to perform craniectomy procedures on cadaveric temporal bone specimens. After two weeks of practice, the researchers found that the trainees could correctly identify pre- and post-simulation bones with high accuracy.
A study at the University of Michigan found that high-dose calcium supplements can significantly lower lead levels in pregnant women. The researchers analyzed data from 557 women and discovered that those taking calcium supplements had an average reduction of 11% in blood lead levels, with some groups experiencing even greater reductions.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology successfully created artificial bones with a graded interface, allowing them to blend seamlessly into surrounding tissues like tendons. This breakthrough technology has the potential to improve outcomes in ACL surgery and other applications where tissue integration is critical.
A new study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that HIV-infected patients have a higher prevalence of fractures compared to non-HIV infected patients. The study analyzed data from over 8,500 HIV-infected patients and more than 2 million non-HIV infected patients, revealing a significant increase in fr...
Researchers have identified two receptors on the tongue that detect the taste of calcium, which is crucial for building strong bones. This discovery could lead to the development of foods and drinks that are more palatable and easier to consume.
Researchers have identified Smurf1 as a signaling partner that damages bone in rheumatoid arthritis, guiding the development of new drugs to reverse bone loss. The study also suggests potential applications against osteoporosis by targeting Smurf1 with specific drugs.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University developed hydrogels that promote the growth of pre-osteoblast cells, aiding bone development. These gels interact with growth factors like demineralized bone matrix, providing scaffolding for bone cell proliferation and new tissue formation.
Researchers found that adolescents who consumed 2 or more servings of dairy per day had higher levels of bone mineral content and density. Dairy was also shown to have a combined beneficial effect when paired with other protein sources, leading to increased bone mineral content over 300 grams.
A recent study published in the journal Bone found that higher intakes of calcium significantly improve bone health in children. The study, which pooled data from 21 randomized clinical trials, revealed a substantial increase in total body bone mineral content among children with inadequate calcium consumption.
Researchers found previously reported dinosaur soft tissues were actually bacterial biofilms, created by bacteria that coated the voids once occupied by blood vessels and cells. The discovery challenges the notion of preserved dinosaur tissues still surviving.
After losing a significant amount of weight through calorie restriction, bone turnover remains accelerated, leading to increased fragility. Researchers found that moderate weight loss followed by weight maintenance resulted in persistent elevated bone remodeling markers.
Six-thousand year old Jericho bones excavated by Dr. Kathleen Kenyon will be tested for tuberculosis, leprosy, and malaria to better understand disease development and transmission.
A recent study suggests that excessive weight-bearing activities in children can affect the mechanical properties of developing bones, leading to a higher risk of degenerative skeletal disorders later in life. Researchers found that young boys who participated in regular farming activities had significantly lower bone-damping ability c...
A mouse study reveals that sex-specific growth hormone secretion patterns mediate gender-associated differences in susceptibility to diseases caused by inappropriate thrombosis. Additionally, research identifies the protein FGF9 as a key player in prostate cancer progression to osteoblastic bone metastases.
Researchers at NIST have identified a small biomolecule that binds specifically to hydroxyapatite, the key crystal structure of teeth and bones. This new peptide can be used as a nondestructive tag to monitor bone and tooth mineralization.
USC School of Dentistry researchers found that aspirin can inhibit bone resorption and promote osteoblast formation in mice with osteoporosis. The study's findings suggest that aspirin may be a potential alternative to current treatments for osteoporosis, which affect both men and women.
Researchers are studying two myostatin inhibitors to optimize recovery of injured soldiers, with promising results in muscle regeneration and bone formation. The goal is to develop a stronger, more rapid recovery for victims of traumatic limb injuries.
Researchers discovered that nanostructures enhance bone formation on titanium implants as early as 4 weeks after placement. Modifying the size and distribution of nanostructures at the implant surface may lead to faster and more predictable results.
The ETH Zurich and IBM team developed a breakthrough method that combines density measurements with large-scale mechanical analysis of the inner-bone microstructure. This allows clinicians to detect osteoporotic damage more precisely and adjust surgical plates accordingly.
Researchers have identified a short-acting protein GILZ that may disrupt the fat production pathway, leading to increased bone formation and decreased fat accumulation. Dr. Xingming Shi believes sustained GILZ action could be used to develop targeted therapies for osteoporosis and obesity.
Children with acute osteomyelitis are developing more severe MRSA infections, resulting in longer hospital stays and antibiotic therapy. Researchers found that MRSA infections were associated with higher rates of bone abscesses, muscle inflammation, and the need for surgical drainage.
A new study suggests that an ultrasound exam of the heel may be able to predict if a woman is at heightened risk for fractures due to osteoporosis. The research found that women who were considered higher risk had a significantly lower bone strength, increasing their fracture risk.
Researchers at the University of Granada have developed a method to drastically reduce the wait time for new teeth implants by using growth hormone. The process enables faster bone regeneration and integration with dental implants, improving patients' quality of life.
The summit concludes that eating a higher protein diet within the recommended range can have health benefits, including a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, and sarcopenia. High-quality protein sources like dairy products are particularly beneficial.
Older adults experience increased bone loss, but antiresorptive medications can attenuate this process. Researchers found that even in women aged 50-54, bone loss was only 1.3% per year.