Research on bone health and repair. Covers bone healing, mineral density, skeletal evolution, and radiopharmaceutical trials.
Researchers are exploring how aging affects communication between bone and muscle, finding that imbalance can lead to muscle loss, falls, and bone fractures. They aim to develop novel interventions to restore this balance, potentially treating osteoporosis and sarcopenia.
A randomized controlled trial found that both total ankle replacement and ankle fusion improve quality of life and have similar clinical scores in patients with end-stage ankle osteoarthritis. However, TAR is associated with greater wound-healing complications and nerve injuries, while AF is linked to more blood clots and nonunion of t...
The IOF and ESCEO position paper recommends retaining the current WHO diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis, which has served the field well. The paper suggests that distinguishing between diagnostic and intervention thresholds can help improve treatment of patients at high risk of fractures.
Researchers at UVA Cancer Center have identified interleukin-1 as a crucial contributor to the development of myelofibrosis, a potentially deadly bone marrow cancer. Targeting this cytokine could prevent myelofibrosis from progressing and spare bone marrow scarring.
Researchers identify unique chemical signal allowing ancient TB bacteria to evade immune system and spread beyond lungs. The 'mobile factor', called EsxM, allows the bacteria to infect macrophages more easily, leading to bone infections in six people.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have successfully used click chemistry to deliver radiopharmaceuticals specifically to tumors in large dogs with bone cancer, increasing effectiveness and minimizing circulation. This breakthrough could pave the way for click chemistry-based treatments for humans with cancer in the future.
A new study suggests that chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) is the most effective irrigation solution for killing bone tumor cells after surgery. CHG shows highest cytotoxicity against chondrosarcoma and giant cell tumors, potentially making it a useful chemical adjuvant during intralesional curettage.
Researchers at UVA Children's will use a sophisticated computer model to better understand and treat Crohn's disease, which can have lifelong consequences for young patients. The team hopes to identify biological markers or metabolic signatures that can be used for early diagnosis and personalized medicine.
A new strategy for treating rheumatoid arthritis has been proposed, integrating small interfering RNAs and Prussian blue nanoparticles to silence proinflammatory cytokines and scavenge reactive oxygen species. The approach was tested in a mouse model, showing improved therapeutic efficacy and real-time monitoring capabilities.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that high-status individuals in medieval Norway had higher bone mineral density and were taller than those from lower socio-economic backgrounds. This suggests that socioeconomic status may have played a role in shaping health outcomes over time.
A new study using zinc isotope analysis found that Neanderthals were probable carnivores, contrary to earlier research suggesting a plant-based diet. The analysis of a tooth enamel sample from the Gabasa site in Spain revealed a carnivorous diet without blood consumption.
A genome-wide association study identified three significant loci for frozen shoulder, including WNT7B, associated with a nearly sixfold increase in the odds of developing the condition. The findings may provide new insights into the development and treatment of adhesive capsulitis.
Researchers uncover previously unknown lineage of wild goats over 10,000 years old in the Taurus Mountains of southern Turkey. The discovery sheds light on the region's faunal history and highlights the impact of climate change and human activity on ancient populations.
Researchers developed a generatively designed patient-specific bone fixation device using Generative Design technology. The implants are tailored to each patient's anatomy and biomechanical needs, resulting in lighter, less prominent, and minimally invasive designs that promote faster healing and reduced revision surgery.
A prospective multicenter case-control study found that third-trimester fetuses exposed to opioids in utero exhibited smaller brain biometric measurements and altered fetal physiology. The study suggests a possible link between prenatal opioid exposure and postnatal clinical outcomes.
UCF researchers have designed a cerium oxide nanoparticle to protect bones against radiation damage from cancer therapy. The treatment also improves bone regeneration and kills cancer cells, reducing the risk of bone fractures and tissue damage.
Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University identified a compound LAMZ that stimulates muscle cell growth, reduces bone resorption, and promotes bone formation. Administered to mice with locomotor frailty, LAMZ improved muscle and bone health.
Researchers at MUSC found that extracting and isolating Treg cells and transplanting them back into the same system successfully treats osteogenesis imperfecta for a year. The treatment results in stronger bones, increased osteoblast numbers, and decreased osteoclast numbers.
A 12,000-year analysis of El Niño's impact on animal communities reveals a tipping point where five or more major events per century lead to dramatic changes in eastern Pacific ecosystems. This finding suggests that strong El Niño events will play an increasingly important role in shaping future ecosystems.
A study published in the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research found that adults with osteoporosis are at a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The research identified several key risk factors, including older age, smoking, and use of anti-hypertensive medications.
Researchers at Tohoku University have created a scaffold that supports the growth of new bone in large jaw defects in mice, bringing them closer to addressing the issue of aging jaw bone loss in humans. The technique uses a polylactic acid scaffold and has shown promise for treating large bone defects.
Researchers have found a 30-million-year-old beaver fossil that challenges previous theories on the evolution of semi-aquatic beavers in North America. The discovery, published in Royal Society Open Science, suggests that these animals may have evolved to swim earlier than previously thought and were likely adapted for aquatic life.
A study found that elevated blood levels of chemokine CXCL9 predict the risk of osteoporotic hip fracture in men. Researchers discovered a significant association between CXCL9 and hip fractures in a cohort of Chinese men, highlighting the potential for early interventions targeting CXCL9 to prevent hip fractures.
A new study reveals a previously unrecognized level of heterogeneity and specialization of endothelial and mesenchymal cells in the bone marrow. By integrating single-cell gene expression data, researchers identified 14 endothelial and 11 mesenchymal subclusters, providing insights into blood stem cell self-renewal and differentiation
A Texas A&M study sheds light on a major health concern for people with Down syndrome, who may not heal from bone fractures. The researchers found that the glue-like cartilage that helps bones heal doesn't form properly in individuals with DS, leading to devastating health impacts.
Researchers at the University of Connecticut have developed a potential breakthrough treatment for rotator cuff tears, using an advanced polymer to stimulate regeneration of both the tendon and muscle. This approach addresses the real problem of muscle degeneration and fat accumulation that often leads to re-injury after surgery.
A recent UK-based study has revealed that vegetarian women have a 33% higher risk of hip fracture compared to regular meat-eaters. The research found that vegetarians had lower intakes of protein, calcium, and other micronutrients, which are crucial for bone and muscle health.
Researchers at IISc identified a way to estimate ancient seawater temperature by analyzing otoliths from fish ears, which hold clues to water type and age. By correlating calcium isotope ratios with seawater temperatures, they found a powerful tracer of water temperature that can be applied to fossilized samples.
A new mathematical framework predicts the most effective combinations of drugs to treat postmenopausal bone loss in patients. The model identifies optimal orderings that boost bone density and reduce long-term bone loss, improving treatment outcomes.
A recent study published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that vegan participants who engaged in regular resistance training had stronger bones than those who did not. The study also showed that vegans and omnivores who performed resistance training had similar bone structure.
Researchers discovered that vitamin K acts as an antioxidant, inhibiting ferroptotic cell death and identifying FSP1 as the warfarin-insensitive enzyme responsible. This finding has implications for treating Alzheimer's disease and acute organ injuries.
Researchers found that daily consumption of small portions of Jarlsberg cheese increased osteocalcin, a hormone associated with strong bones and teeth, without boosting harmful cholesterol levels. The effects were specific to Jarlsberg and not seen in other cheeses.
Researchers have identified a new protein called IFT80 that regulates osteoclasts, the cells responsible for breaking down bone. The study found that mice lacking IFT80 developed severe osteopenia, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for treating bone loss diseases.
A recent study published in The New England Journal of Medicine found that supplemental vitamin D did not lower the risk of fractures in healthy US adults. The research, which involved over 1,991 incident fractures and 5.3 years of follow-up, also showed no effects on major osteoporotic fractures or wrist/pelvic fractures.
A recent study published in The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery found that only 35.9% of articles reported patient race, 15.4% reported ethnicity, and 8.3% reported income. Including demographics in multivariable analyses is crucial to determine the applicability of study results to diverse patient populations.
A new study found evidence that multituberculates, an extinct group of mammals, likely reproduced in a placental-like manner. This discovery questions the long-held idea that marsupials were less advanced than placentals in terms of reproductive strategy.
A study published in Pediatrics found that there is no consistent medical definition of growing pains, with over 93% of studies not referencing growth or age. The condition's vague and contradictory definitions raise questions about its connection to growth and cause.
Researchers found that CXCL9 levels were higher in pre-fracture blood samples of Chinese men with subsequent hip fractures, improving the prediction of osteoporotic hip fracture risk in men. In contrast, no association was found between CXCL10 and hip fracture risk in either gender.
Researchers from Tianjin Medical University General Hospital review sarcopenic obesity's impact on liver disease, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cirrhosis. The study aims to clarify the pathogenesis of sarcopenic obesity and identify potential therapeutic avenues.
A KAUST-developed nanotechnology platform uses tiny iron wires that bend in response to magnetic fields to accelerate bone cell formation. Bone-forming stem cells grown on the moving substrate transform into mature bone much faster than usual, potentially paving the way for more efficient regeneration of bone.
Researchers found that giant pandas and their ancestors used a thumb-like structure to grip bamboo, dating back at least six million years. The modern panda's thumb is shorter but has a hook for better grasp and flattened outer surface for weight distribution.
A fossilized wrist bone from a 6-7 million-year-old giant panda ancestor reveals the earliest evidence of a bamboo diet and the evolution of its unique 'thumb' structure. The discovery sheds light on how this adaptation allowed ancient pandas to thrive on a low-nutrient bamboo diet.
A new study published in Scientific Reports found that astronauts who spent six months in space experienced significant bone loss upon their return to Earth, with weight-bearing bones only partially recovering. The researchers discovered that the bone loss was comparable to decades of age-related bone loss on Earth.
Fossils found in the 'Cradle of Humankind' in South Africa are estimated to be between 3.4 and 3.7 million years old, making them older than previously thought. This new age range places these fossils at the beginning of the Australopithecus era, challenging previous theories that they were near the end.
A study of 56 transgender youth found that longer treatment with puberty-delaying medications was associated with lower bone mineral density. The researchers recommend discussing the impact of these medications on bone health and exploring interventions to improve bone health.
Research found that patients using insulin have a higher risk of fractures compared to those using metformin, particularly in non-obese and well-controlled diabetic patients. Routine fracture risk assessments are recommended for these individuals.
A UNLV study analyzed nearly 30,000 broken bone cases and found that smoking increases the risk of breaking a bone by as much as 37%. The study also found that men are more likely to experience fractures, particularly in the wrists, spine, and shoulders, due to nicotine's negative impact on bone cells and calcium absorption.
Researchers have re-evaluated chicken remains from over 600 sites worldwide, revealing that domestication occurred around 1,500 BC in Southeast Asia. Chickens were initially regarded as exotica and only later used as a food source.
A new study published in PLOS Genetics found that a person's height impacts their risk for multiple diseases, including atrial fibrillation and varicose veins. The study also uncovered associations between greater height and a higher risk of peripheral neuropathy and skin bone infections.
A Swedish study found that rates of adverse events after hip replacement surgery are essentially the same for procedures performed by female and male orthopaedic surgeons. The overall rate of adverse events was lower for THA procedures performed by female surgeons, at 6%, compared to 7% for male surgeons.
A study identified an 18-base osteogenetic ODN (iSN40) that promotes the differentiation of mouse osteoblasts and induces the expression of genes required for bone formation. This discovery offers a promising treatment option for osteoporosis, which affects 200 million people worldwide.
The discovery of a 164,000- to 131,000-year-old Denisovan tooth in Laos provides significant insights into the species' geographic range. The ancient tooth's shape and similarity to teeth found on the Tibetan Plateau suggest that Denisovans inhabited Southeast Asia, particularly northern Laos.
Researchers analyzed ancient incense samples from a Tang Dynasty Buddhist temple and found evidence of exotic spices like elemi and frankincense. The findings provide insight into the complex role of incense in religious rituals and court activities during this period.
A Kyoto University study has discovered that c-type natriuretic peptide facilitates intracellular calcium signaling in chondrocytes to stimulate long bone growth. This finding may lead to the development of new bone growth-stimulating agents for treating developmental disorders.
Researchers developed a novel 'Wikiguideline' approach to establish medical guidelines, leveraging online collaboration and high-quality data. The method was tested using osteomyelitis, an infection of the bone, and found sufficient data for only two recommendations: increasing oral antibiotic therapy and limiting therapy duration.
A new study published by The Endocrine Society suggests that exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and phthalates may impair bone health in male teenagers. Researchers analyzed urine and blood samples from over 800 adolescents, finding an association between certain PFAS and phthalates and reduced bone mineral density.
Research reveals high rates of parasitic worm infections in ancient British populations, particularly during the Roman and Medieval periods. The study sheds light on the lives and habits of past populations, providing insights into public health measures.
A team of biologists identified a protein involved in the spread of breast cancer to bones. The discovery confirms the importance of cellular plasticity during the metastatic process and could lead to new treatments. ZEB1, a protein that increases cell plasticity, was found to direct cells with metastatic characteristics to bones.
Researchers found that NSAID use negates the bone-protective effects of bisphosphonate clodronate on preventing osteoporotic fractures. The study suggests caution in extrapolating these data to more widely used bisphosphonates, as concomitant usage may lead to reduced fracture risk.
A bundled care Medicare program has led to reductions in some outcome disparities for Black patients compared to White patients undergoing hip and knee replacement surgery. The Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) Model has improved key outcomes such as hospital readmission rates, length of stay, and Medicare payments.