Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute found that enhancing protein-folding processes can help prevent harm to insulin-producing cells. The study revealed the importance of a chaperone protein called binding immunoglobulin protein and its cochaperone protein p58 IPK in maintaining proper proinsulin folding.
A recent study from the University of Missouri-Columbia shows a potential way to protect transplanted islets without immunosuppressive drugs. Researchers engineered islets with thrombomodulin and CD47, which prevented harmful inflammation and allowed cells to respond to glucose naturally.
A recent study reveals that intermittent fasting can impair beta-cell function and maturation in young mice, potentially leading to diabetes. Researchers found that adolescent mice showed a decline in insulin production after prolonged fasting, with defective beta cells resembling those of type 1 diabetes patients.
In a significant breakthrough, research revealed that macrophages 'eat' pancreatic beta cells to regulate insulin levels after pregnancy. This process helps maintain normal blood glucose levels.
Diabetes-resistant mice develop a protective beta cell cluster with reduced glucose uptake and increased beta cell division, while diabetic-prone mice experience metabolic stress and beta cell failure. This study reveals the key role of adaptive gene expression in protecting against type 2 diabetes.
Researchers have identified 105 epigenetic changes in blood cells that precede the onset of type 2 diabetes. These changes are associated with altered methylation activity and expression patterns in islets of Langerhans, suggesting a potential diagnostic marker for early detection.
Fatty acid esters disrupt insulin synthesis and lead to beta cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. High-resolution mass spectrometry imaging reveals an imbalance in insulin production and secretion, affecting the function of pancreatic islets.
Researchers at Umeå University have created detailed 3D maps of the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. The data includes information on cell volume and coordinates, providing a valuable resource for studying diabetes.
The study identified urocortin 3 as a key player in regulating insulin production and blood sugar levels. By understanding how this hormone interacts with other cells and systems, researchers hope to develop new treatments for diabetes.
Lund University researchers have created a method to visualize inflammatory processes in the pancreas during type 1 diabetes. This allows them to study the body's response to new treatment strategies and potentially develop a model for human immune system diseases.
Researchers found alpha cells can harm beta cells through glutamate toxicity, leading to diabetes. A protective protein called GLT1 helps regulate glutamate levels and may offer a new diagnostic test or therapeutic target.